[目的/意义]小麦是世界上最主要的粮食作物之一,遗传育种技术的发展关乎全球粮食安全。深入研究全球小麦遗传育种技术专利,对技术发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 基于智慧芽全球专利数据库（PatSnap）,利用专利分析法,对收录的有关小麦遗传育种技术的专利进行统计分析。从专利申请总量及趋势、国家/地区分布、技术构成、热点主题与专利价值等方面,研究全球小麦遗传育种专利的技术现状、研发热点与发展态势。[结果/结论]全球小麦遗传育种技术研究正在逐步迈向成熟阶段;国外大型跨国公司是该技术领域的活跃机构,国内申请人则以高校和科研机构为主;抗病性基因的研究、耐除草剂和杀虫剂研究、分子标记辅助育种研究、转基因小麦研究等是当前的热点技术主题;高价值专利主要集中在国外大型跨国公司手中;中国的专利技术布局应打破地域局限,主动参与到全球化的技术竞争中去。
Abstract
[Purpose/Significance] Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world, and its development of genetic and breeding technology plays an important role in the guarantee of global food security. Study about the patents of global wheat genetic and breeding technology as a new research field has a great significance on wheat yield and quality. [Method/Process] Patent analysis is used to filter, count and analyze relevant patent documents and convert them into usable information. During the development of wheat genetic breeding technology, a large volume of patent data have been generated. After data cleaning, 4 914 patents were obtained, of which 99.5% were invention patents and 0.5% were utility model patents. By using the methods of patent analysis and standardized data analysis, this paper performs statistical analysis on the patent documents published since 1977 collected from PatSnap database. Insights patent analysis system is used as a tool for patent analysis and valuation. The technical status, researching hotspots and developing trend of wheat genetic and breeding patents in the world can be studied from these following aspects, such as total number and trend of applied patents, distributions of countries' or regions' patents, technology composition, hot topics and patent value. [Results/Conclusions] The results showed the overall development trend of the global wheat genetic breeding technology patents, the research hotspots and the technology distribution and pattern. The research of global wheat genetic and breeding technology is gradually approaching the maturity stage; the growth trend of China's patent application is in the same line with the global patent application, and China has become the world's largest country of patent applicant. The large multinational companies are active institutions in this field, while Chinese applicants are mainly universities and research institutions. The research of disease resistance gene, herbicide resistance and insecticide resistance, molecular marker-assisted breeding, transgenic wheat are the hot technical topics at present; the main technology composition of wheat genetic and breeding technology patent in China is basically consistent with the global situation, but the technical emphasis has slightly difference. In this field China has been in line with the global technology strategy. High-value patents are mainly in the hands of large multinationals; the distribution of China's patent technology should break the regional limitations and take the initiative to participate in the global technological competition. The future prospect of wheat genetic breeding technology development in China was finally put forward.
关键词
农业数据分析 /
专利分析 /
小麦 /
遗传育种 /
知识产权服务
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Key words
agricultural data analysis /
patent analysis /
wheat /
genetics and breeding /
intellectual property services
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