This article combined the planting performance of the hybrid medium indica rice variety Weiliangyou 8612 in the demonstration area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and summarized and analyzed the intensive cultivation techniques of this variety. The planting of Weiliangyou 8612 in the demonstration area showed a suitable growth period, with upright leaves, compact plant shape, thick and robust stems that were resistant to lodging. During the mature stage, the straw was green and the seeds were yellow, with large panicles and many grains, resulting in higher yields. The intensive cultivation techniques for this variety include precise and precise sowing, precise soil preparation, scientific management of fertilizer and water, timely and appropriate drug control for diseases, pests, and weeds, as well as timely harvesting. The research results provided a reference for the promotion and planting of Weiliangyou 8612 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and similar regions.

Based on the current breeding status of potatoes, the aspects that need further improvement, and corresponding development strategies and suggestions were summarized and analyzed. At present, potato breeding was mainly based on its asexual reproduction characteristics, which had the advantages of simplicity, effectiveness, and ensuring the purity of potato seeds. Meanwhile, it was necessary to do a good job in potato seed potato detoxification, pest control, and field management. In the breeding process, it was necessary to further improve the collection of potato variety resources, the production capacity of seed potatoes, the production technology of seed potatoes, the quality of virus-free seed potatoes, and the processing capacity of potato products. Development strategies for potato breeding work were proposed, including establishing a good breeding environment, scientifically introducing potato varieties, innovating potato breeding methods, and innovating production equipment and technology, to provide references for promoting the standardized and rational development of the potato industry.

In order to screen for single season high-quality and high-yield japonica (glutinous) rice varieties suitable for planting in the southern Anhui region, this study selected 13 varieties of japonica (glutinous) rice, including Zhennuo 29, zhefengnuo 188 and Wankennuo No.2, as well as one control variety, Dangjing No.8, to conduct a comparative experiment of single season rice varieties at the experimental site in the southern Anhui region. Comparative analysis was conducted from the aspects of agronomic traits, comprehensive resistance, and economic traits of the varieties. The results showed that the entire growth period of each variety is 131 to 141 days, all other varieties had a longer growth period than the control variety Dangjing No.8(133 days), except for Danghe 715 (131 days). The plant height of each variety was 80.8 to 112.0 cm, and the tillering ability was average or strong. The plant type was moderate, compact or compact, and the varieties with better agronomic traits include Zhennuo 19, Ningxiangjing No.9, Huijing 805, and Nanjing 5055. Varieties with a yield exceeding 9 000 kg/hm² included Ningxiangjing No.9 (9 758.2 kg/hm²), Zhennuo 19 (9 361.1 kg/hm²), Zhefengnuo 188 (9 215.3 kg/hm²), Wankennuo No.2 (9 016.5 kg/hm²), and Nanjing 5055 (9 005.2 kg/hm²). Among them, Zhennuo 19 and Ningxiangjing No.9 had a more severe occurrence of rice blast in the field, while Ningxiangjing No.9 and Nanjing 5055 had a more severe occurrence of sheath blight and white leaf blight in the field. In terms of cultivation and management, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of these diseases. Based on the yield and resistance performance of various varieties, single season japonica (glutinous) rice varieties Wankennuo No.2, Zhennuo 19, and Zhefengnuo 188, Ningxiangjing No.9, and Nanjing 5055 were selected for promotion and cultivation in the region. They could be used as high-quality rice for production, and disease prevention and control must be strengthened during the planting period.

为提高园林技术专业群人才培养水平,打造具有地方特色的农学类专业集群,本文对江苏苏州及周边地区的29家园林单位进行了园林技术专业群人才需求调研,分别从调查对象的概况、招聘情况、学生需具备的知识、能力和素质情况与校企合作意愿等方面进行了分析,并提出了课程设置、实训实习、技能考工和优化兼职教师队伍等方面建议。

Understand the effects of planting density and spraying ethylene on soybean yield and quality to increase the yield of soybean under high-density cultivation. This study used Baodou 10 as the experimental material and set four cultivation densities: 225 000 plants/hm² (D₁), 240 000 plants/hm² (D₂), 255 000 plants/hm² (D₃), and 270 000 plants/hm² (D₄). Water (E₀) and diluted 500 times ethylene (E₁) were sprayed during the compound leaf stage of 4-5 soybean leaves to study the effects of planting density and ethylene on soybean photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and grain quality. The results showed that under higher density planting (D₃, D₄),the SPAD value and Pn of soybean leaves treated with E₁ were better than those treated with E₀; The plant height and internode length of E₁ treatment decreased compared to E₀ treatment; The yield level of E₁ treatment increased by 6.51% and 30.19% compared to E₀ treatment, respectively. In terms of soybean quality traits, the effect of spraying ethephon on the crude protein content of seeds was statistically significant (P<0.01), while the effect of planting density on the crude protein,crude fat,and isoflavone content of soybean seeds was statistically significant (P<0.01). Overall, when the planting density of Baodou 10 was 270 000 plants/hm², spraying ethephon could improve the photosynthetic performance of leaves and stem traits, resulting in the highest yield.

The entry of heavy metals into soil may cause degradation of soil quality and lead to changes in the ecological characteristics of soil microorganisms. The impacts of heavy metal types and concentrations on microbial respiratory rate, biomass, biomass carbon, diversity, community structure, and functional genes in soil were summarized. Additionally, research in the field of microbial molecular ecology of heavy metal-contaminated soil was prospected, aiming to provide a reference for studying the effect of heavy metal pollution on soil microbial characteristics.

Balcony agriculture is gradually expanding the public's understanding of urban agriculture, effectively bringing people and nature closer together. Balcony agriculture is conducive to meeting the needs of urban residents to experience farming and relieve stress, and it not only has ornamental and edible value, but also provides various functions such as leisure and science education. The main application model of balcony agriculture were introduced, with a focus on analyzed the current development status of balcony agriculture and the areas for improvement in planting cost investment, industrial chain improvement, planted management technology standards, and promotion. Solutions were also proposed, including establishing a sound supporting service system for balcony agriculture, doing a good job in breeding balcony agriculture varieties, optimizing existing technologies, and vigorously promoting balcony agriculture, providing reference for the development of this industry.

In order to explore the quality, heavy metal content, and risk of Gastrodia elata, 21 Gastrodia elata tubers from different planting bases were used as materials to determine the water content, extract, total content of Gastrodia elata extract and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, residual sulfur dioxide, total ash content, and heavy metal content such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper. The single factor pollution index method and Nemerow index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the heavy metal pollution in 21 Gastrodia elata samples. The results showed that the moisture content, extract content, total amount of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, sulfur dioxide residue, and total ash content of most Gastrodia elata samples all met the limit values specified in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia; the heavy metal content of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper in Gastrodia elata samples from various bases was lower than the limit values specified in various planting bases of Gastrodia elata, the single factor pollution index of 5 heavy metals was all below 0.7, with a comprehensive index range of 0.08-0.52. The heavy metal pollution status was all at a safe level.

The common types of pests and diseases in corn production and their harmful symptom were reviewed, and strategies for the control of corn pests and diseases were explained from the aspects of agricultural control, biological control, physical control, and chemical control. Diseases such as top rot, bacterial stalk rot, leaf spot, sheath blight, and rust were commonly found in corn, while common insect pests include armyworms, corn aphids, corn borers, and thrips. The effective control of pests and diseases issues in the corn planting process was achieved through the comprehensive use of various means such as biological control, chemical control, and precision agriculture techniques, thereby ensuring the yield and quality of corn. A reference for the scientific and efficient control of pests and diseases in corn production was provided.

In order to explore the physiological mechanisms by which the Rana dybowskii adapts to temperature changes during artificial induction of awakening, including changes in cryoprotectant content at different temperatures and organs/tissues, as well as differences in antioxidant stress-related physiological indicators during the awakening adaptation stage, a gradient heating method was used to artificially induce awakening of the hibernating R. dybowskii, until the awakening process was marked by feeding by the R. dybowskii. During the awakening cultivation period, samples were taken, and non-sampled forest frogs were continuously cultured. After the sampling was completed, the remaining forest frogs were raised at room temperature; and the glucose content, urea nitrogen content, and total antioxidant capacity in its liver and muscles were measured using spectrophotometry. The results showed that the content of various substances in the liver was basically consistent with the trend of muscle consumption, but the content and changes of various substances in the liver were much greater than those in the muscle. The glucose and urea nitrogen content（cryoprotectant content） were significantly reduced（P<0.05）, and the total antioxidant capacity was significantly enhanced （P<0.05） in the early stage of artificial induction and awakening of the hibernating R. dybowskii. However, in the later stage of awakening, the various contents tended to stabilize without significant changes. The liver is the main organ that fights against the low-temperature freezing environment during the hibernation process of the R. dybowskii, and the hibernating R. dybowskii accumulates cryoprotectants in its body. As the awakening process progresses, the temperature gradually rises, and the body activity gradually recovers. The glucose is consumed in large quantities, reducing stress damage caused by a lack of energy sources, and the antioxidant stress capacity is also enhanced to maintain internal environment stability, ensure the survival of R. dybowskii below 0 ℃ celsius.

The main characteristics of desertification and its effects on environment and society were introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of desertification monitoring and control methods were analyzed. On this basis, the application of remote sensing technology in desertification research was provided, including the acquisition, processing and application of remote sensing data. The application of remote sensing technology in land degradation monitoring, vegetation restoration and water resources management were emphatically discussed. The future research direction and challenges of remote sensing technology in the field of desertification monitoring and control were discussed. The aim is to discuss the application of remote sensing technology in desertification prevention and control, and to provide references for the further development and improvement of desertification control.

In order to screen suitable new rice varieties for cultivation in the southwestern region of Anhui province, this study compared the growth period, planting performance, and yield of 24 rice varieties including Y Liangyou 9826. The results showed that the growth period of each variety was 120-138 days, with most varieties having a growth period of 130 days. The effective panicle number was 2.01 million to 3.303 million/hm², and the seed setting rate was 70.4% to 92.8%; the actual yield of each variety was 7 851.0-12 426.0 kg/hm². Based on the growth performance of various varieties, the selected varieties, Linliangyou 1771, Quanyou 879, Wanfengyou 818, Weiliangyou 8612, and Jingliangyou 8612 had high yields and good comprehensive characteristics, and could be promoted as new rice varieties in the region.

The main facilities and equipment and related advantages and disadvantages of the cultivation model of edible fungi in square cabin were summarized and analyzed, and development suggestions was proposed in this article. This technology utilizes advanced equipment and facilities to meet the growth conditions such as temperature, humidity, and light required for edible fungi cultivation, achieving standardized and modern production of edible fungi. This model has obvious advantages and potential, such as fast construction and production, high production efficiency, good production income, and rapid industrial development. At the same time, it also faces challenges such as high investment costs and energy consumption. The research results provide a reference for the cultivation model and industrial development of edible mushroom shelters.

To better meet the needs of regional agricultural modernization, agriculture-related majors had been rooted in the economic, social, and industrial development needs of the region. Based on serving the modernization of regional agriculture and rural revitalization, the exploration and promotion of the construction of new agricultural sciences have been actively conducted. The work had been analyzed from various aspects, including the current analysis of the new farmer cultivation model, the main content of the reforms, basic experiences, and the effectiveness of promotion and application. A practical and skilled outstanding agricultural and forestry talent cultivation system had been constructed, which integrates six aspects: teaching staff, teaching platform, classroom revolution, practical resources, practical reforms, and innovation and entrepreneurship. Innovations had been made in two mechanisms: the industry expert committee for professional construction and the internal and external coordination of the “135” professional construction and management. A five-integration teaching system had been integrated, which mutually promotes and blends key training elements such as theoretical classrooms, field work, course practice, graduation theses, and innovation and entrepreneurship training. The “one system, two mechanisms, five integrations” new agricultural professional cultivation model had been refined and improved. This model is highly operational and replicable, and could provide a reference for local undergraduate colleges and universities with agriculture-related majors to deepen the construction of new agricultural sciences and improve the quality of agricultural and forestry education.

本文基于层次分析法,从植物适应性、观赏价值、生态价值和种植养护难度4个方面,构建水生植物景观综合评价体系,确定包含植物成活情况、观赏特性多样性和水体净化能力在内的15项评价因子,并采用该体系对研究区荷花等常见水生植物进行景观综合评价,筛选出优等级（Ⅰ级）景观评价植物6种、良等级（Ⅱ级）景观评价植物29种、一般等级（Ⅲ级）景观评价植物2种。结果表明,荷花、黄菖蒲、睡莲、芦竹、雨久花和梭鱼草等物种具有较好的环境适应性,较高的观赏和生态价值,种植和养护难度较低,具有推广价值;德国鸢尾和喜旱莲子草等物种在某些方面存在一定缺陷,限制了其在水生植物景观中的运用。同时,沉水植物因具有优良的水生态功能,在水生植物景观配置中须加以重视,外来入侵植物黄菖蒲、伊乐藻、粉绿狐尾藻、凤眼莲和喜旱莲子草等在实际应用中也应充分考虑其生态安全性等因素。

The sources, content improvement methods, detection methods, extraction techniques, and application prospects of coenzyme Q10 in red yeast rice were introduced, aiming to provide references for the production and application of red yeast rice containing coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 is one of the important metabolites of Monascus, which not only shows a variety of biological activities, but also effectively reduce the side effects of statin components in Monascus. The main methods to increase the content of coenzyme Q10 in red yeast rice are optimizing fermentation conditions and breeding high-yield strains. The main methods for the determination of coenzyme Q10 are spectroscopy and chromatography. In terms of extraction technology, mainly saponification, ultrasonic extraction and supercritical extraction are used to extract coenzyme Q10 from microorganisms. At present, microbial-derived coenzyme Q10 is used in medicine, food and cosmetics.

节水抗旱稻是一种新型的水稻品种,具有高产优质、节水抗旱和适应性广的特点。本文介绍了节水抗旱稻的发展优势,包括应对高温干旱环境变化,减少水利基础设施建设投入,降低生产成本和劳动强度,扩大水稻种植面积,以及保障水稻生产安全等;探讨丰产栽培技术,包括应选择地势平坦、排灌方便的连片地块,选择适应栽培地气候条件的品种进行机械化穴播,播后采取“一封、二杀、三补”的杂草防除方式,水分以自然降水为主,田间持水量较低时可采取微喷灌方式,病虫害以防治根结线虫、稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟、水稻细菌性条斑病、纹枯病和稻瘟病等为主,可采取“一喷多促”方式在防治病虫草害的同时,促进作物生长。目的在于为节水抗旱稻的推广和产量提高提供参考。

In recent year, the application of high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) technology in fruit and vegetable preservation has gradually attracted attention. In order to understand the current status of this technology’s application in the preservation of fruits and vegctables, the research progress of high-voltage electrostatic field technology in fruit and vegetable preservation in recent years was reviewed, including its preservation mechanism, application status, application effect and future development trend, and the advantages of HVEF technology in efficient preservation and environmental protection were summarized, in purpose to provide reference for the application of HVEF technology in the preservation of fruits and vegetables.

Geographic Information System (GIS) technology plays an important role in modern forestry,The forestry construction practice was combined, the application of this technology in mordren forestry were summarized and analyzed. Its applications cover multiple aspects such as forest resource inventory and information management, forestry mapping, remote sensing image processing, forest logging design, afforestation planning and design, as well as forest fire and pest and diseases monitoring. In terms of forestry mapping, GIS technology has improved the accuracy and efficiency of mapping, providing strong support for forestry management. In addition, GIS technology also has functions such as data and image processing, providing important reference for forest logging and afforestation design. GIS technology also plays an irreplaceable role in forest protection and monitoring, especially in forest fire and pest monitoring, which can timely and accurately identify problems and take corresponding measures. In short, GIS technology has been widely applied in forestry production, providing scientific decision-making basis for forestry workers and promoting the development of modern forestry. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, GIS technology will play a more important role in forestry production.

瓜蒌是药食两用的植物品种,不仅可以用于加工、生产食用瓜蒌籽,还可作为中药材的原料,其食用价值、药用价值和保健价值均较高。为发展瓜蒌特色产业,探究瓜蒌高产种植栽培技术要点,本文总结分析了瓜蒌高产栽培技术,以增加从业者收入,推动农业增产增效,为瓜蒌产业高质量发展提供参考。

In order to reduce the post harvest respiration intensity of fresh corn, slow down the loss of nutrients, and maintain its sensory and taste quality, the influencing factors of post harvest quality changes of fresh corn was summarized and analyzed, and the application of physical preservation, chemical preservation, and biological preservation technologies were explored. The factors that affect the post harvest preservation of fresh corn include variety, pests and diseases, temperature and humidity, and surrounding gases. The physical preservation techniques for fresh corn including low temperature, modified atmosphere, packaging, irradiation, and ozone. Chemical preservation techniques including coating, acidic calcium sulfate treatment, etc. Biological preservation technology including bamboo leaf extract, oil peony bark extract, and composite biological preservatives. The research results provided a reference for post harvest storage and preservation of fresh corn.

The meaning of new fertilizers, the main types of market products and its functions, as well as the current status of research, development, and application of new fertilizers were elaborated. Key areas on the promotion and application of new fertilizers were analyzed, and strategies such as focusing on technological innovation, strengthening fertilizer efficacy verification, screening practical products, regulating market behavior, enhancing publicity and training, and improving farmers’ awareness were proposed to provide references for accelerating the promotion and application of new fertilizers.

Ectropis obliqua and Ectropis grisescens, which are related species of the same genus, are both main pests in tea plantations. In this paper, the research and application progress of the biological control of Ectropis oblique and Ectropis grisescens were summarized from the aspects of pest viral agents, sex pheromones, patnogenic bacteria and fungi, tea plant volatiles and utilization of natural enemies, and the biological control of the two pests was prospected, aiming at providing a reference for further research on the biological control of two species and solving the harm caused of the two pests in production.

The effects of green manure on soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties, corn yield, and quality were summarized and analyzed, based on relevant literature and work practice. By rolling or intercropping green manure crops, the organic matter and microbial content in the soil can be increased, its physical and chemical properties can be improved, and its water and fertilizer retention capacity can be enhanced; The application of green manure can promote the growth of corn, increase its grain yield, and also have a certain promoting effect on its quality traits such as amino acids and proteins. Different types of green manure have different effects on soil physical and chemical properties and corn growth. Suitable green manure crops should be selected based on soil fertility conditions, production goals, etc. to improve the yield and quality of corn.

The practical application of smart agricultural technologies was explored in agricultural planting, production management, and other aspects in agricultural production. The effectiveness of the development of smart agriculture with Yunnan Plateau characteristics were analyzed, including the gradual elongation of the agricultural industry chain, significant effects of modular management, and outstanding achievements in independent innovation. The areas that need further improvement was explored in infrastructure construction, key technology research and development, and professional talent reserve for the development of smart agriculture. Taking tobacco, flowers, coffee, tea, and seed industries as research objects, the development strategies of key industries were analyzed in high-altitude smart agriculture, including the application of Internet of Things technology to develop the tobacco industry, the application of industrial Internet of Things technology to develop the flower industry, the construction of a traceable system to develop the tea and coffee industries, and the rational utilization and protection of seed industry resources. This article provided references for promoting the transformation, upgrading, and industrialization development of plateau characteristic agriculture, and promoting the revitalization of rural industries.

In order to further reduce the risk of African swine fever transmission, improve prevention capacity and strengthen treatment. In this paper, the common detection techniques, specific prevention measures and treatment techniques of this disease were summarized and analyzed. Common detection techniques included early diagnosis, molecular biological detection and serological detection. Specific prevention measures mainly included disinfection protection, daily management of pig farms, market supervision, prevention and control awareness and treatment of suspected diseases. Treatment technologies include, vaccine research and development and drug therapy technology were summarized. The above analysis provided references for the relevant personnel of pig farming industry.

With the help of CiteSpace visual literature analysis software, the 741 literatures of cultivated land protection in CNKI database from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed, and the journal sources were Peking University Core, CSSCI and CSCD, to discuss the research progress and development trend of cultivated land protection in the past decade. The results showed that the research of cultivated land protection had received stable attention, and the research forces and institutions were relatively stable. Cultivated land quality, cultivated land resources, farmers’ compensation, urbanization and cultivated land protection system were the research hotspots in this field. In the future, the research in the field of cultivated land protection will focus more on peasant household behavior, technological innovation and institutional innovation of cultivated land protection.

Fusarium crown rot of wheat caused by various fungus such as Fusarium is a typical fungal soil-borne disease. In recent years, the frequency and severity of the disease are increasing, which poses a serious threat to wheat production and food security. The occurrence characteristics, regularity and causes of Fusarium crown rot of wheat were reviewed, and the comprehensive control measures combining agricultural control, chemical control and biological control were put forward, in order to provide some technical references for the comprehensive control of Fusarium crown rot of wheat.

Shenyou 28 is a hybrid japonica rice variety using the male sterile line Shen 21A and the restoring line Shenhui 26-28. This article introduced the characteristics of Shenyou 28 variety and summarized the whole mechanized and efficient seed production technology, including seed selection, control of sowing time, regulation of flowering period, mechanical leaf cutting, mechanical assisted pollination, harvesting and drying, to providing technical guidance for hybrid rice seed production. This variety had comprehensive advantages such as early maturity, high yield, excellent rice quality, and strong disease resistance. In order to fully tap into the yield potential of Shenyou 28, its high-yield cultivation techniques had been summarized from the aspects of timely sowing, fertilizer operation, slurry management, and suitable harvest, providing reference for the promotion and demonstration of new varieties.

The rural tourism of Qingyang County in Chizhou, Anhui Province as an example was taken, and the PEST-SWOT method was used to discuss the industrial support, economic, social and technological factors affecting the development of rural tourism at county level, and the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats were analyzed based on these factors. In terms of industrial support, the support to the rural tourism industry was increased. In terms of economy, the level of economic development of the county has increased year by year, which provides a strong material basis for rural tourism. In terms of society, the county has rich folk culture and natural landscape, which is attractive to tourists. In terms of science and technology, the application of new technologies will improve the service quality and tourist experience of county rural tourism. County rural tourism development can realize the sustainable development of county rural tourism by making full use of the advantages of industrial support, economic development and local culture, overcoming the disadvantages in infrastructure、service level, etc. seizing market opportunities, coping with threats such as competition and environment, and formulating scientific development countermeasures.

Wubiefanchun oral liquid is a kind of product which combines the characteristics of modern medicine and food. The active ingredients were found by using TCMSP database and related literature using network pharmacology method. The potential targets of active ingredients were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper databases, and the related targets were searched and screened in Genecards, DisGeNET and OMIM databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the potential target was constructed using STRING database, and the key target network of the active ingredient of the oral liquid was screened out, and the GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these key targets to determine their core pathway, so as to construct the action network of the active ingredient of the oral liquid. The results showed that a total of 75 active ingredients were obtained, 384 potential targets were obtained based on the active ingredients, and 75 key targets were obtained through potential target PPI network screening. GO was enriched to 892 entries and KEGG was enriched to 164 pathways. Based on the above results, the mechanism of action of the active ingredients of the oral liquid may be realized through the action of rhubarb anthraquinones, flavonoids and phytosterols on the core targets of AKT1, TNF and IL6, with PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, mTOR and FoxO as signaling pathways.

Agricultural mechanization is considered a key approach to enhance agricultural production efficiency and a significant indicator of modern agricultural development. The current status of agricultural mechanization in Anhui Province was analyzed, and countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to address the existing deficiencies. It was suggested that progress had been made in the development of agricultural mechanization and agricultural machinery equipment in Anhui Province. However, there was still considerable scope for further improvement in areas such as the comprehensive competitiveness of the agricultural machinery industry, the effective supply of agricultural machinery equipment, the level of agricultural mechanization development, the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and the development of socialized services. In response, strategies were suggested to strengthen the agricultural machinery manufacturing industry, continue to address the shortcomings in agricultural machinery equipment, promote the comprehensive mechanization of the entire process, accelerate the development of socialized services for agricultural machinery, and strengthen the guarantee of factors, in order to provide a reference for further promoting the regional development of agricultural mechanization.

Based on the planting practice of Dendrobium officinale, the common diseases and pests and its prevention measures were summarized and analyzed in the process of artificial planting of this plant from the aspects of occurrence patterns, harmful symptoms, and prevention and control measures. The common diseases in the research area were divided into infectious diseases (anthracnose, soft rot, root rot, leaf spot disease, etc.) and non infectious diseases. Infectious diseases could spread and were mainly caused by pathogenic bacteria such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Non infectious diseases could not spread between plants, mainly due to improper cultivation management and other reasons. Common pests that cause significant damage included slugs, snails, spider mites, aphids, and scale insects. Based on the characteristics of different diseases and pests, comprehensive control measures such as agricultural control, physical control, and chemical control had been proposed, providing references for further improving the product quality of artificial cultivation of Dendrobium officinale.

In order to cultivate high-quality applied talents, the characteristics of the curriculum and the training needs of environmental professionals were combined, attached importance to the application of practical case teaching method, and conducted practical case teaching analysis and exploration in the teaching process of Environmental Monitoring course. The investigation of soil pollution was taken as a practical case, conduct a detailed analysis of the investigation results. By investigating regional division, determining soil distribution principles and quantities, collecting soil samples, determining analysis indicators and testing methods, and verifying testing quality and results, a practical case soil environmental monitoring plan was formulated, and the testing results were analyzed. Practice had shown that, this practical case teaching model effectively improved teaching quality and provided references for the reform of case teaching in this course.

Huixiangjing 977 is a japonica rice variety selected from Zhendao 14 as the female parent and Wuxiangjing 14 as the male parent. It was approved for variety review in 2022. This article analyzed the breeding process,agronomic characteristics, production performance,and main cultivation techniques of Huixiangjing 977. Huixiangjing 977 has the advantages of high-quality taste, high yield,large panicle,excellent comprehensive traits, and wide adaptability, making it suitable for planting in single season and double season late japonica rice regions in Anhui Province. The principles of high-yield cultivation techniques are to stabilize the foundation, compete for sufficient panicles, attack large panicles, improve grain weight and seed setting rate, in order to obtain higher quality and yield. The results provide a reference for the promotion and application of this variety.

4 types of plant community green space garden including road green space and park green space, in Xinxiang City, Henan Province, were taken as the research object. The species composition, spatial distribution, community structure and plant origin of the plant community in the green space was investigated by using the sample method, and the Pielou evenness index, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index, Patrick index and comprehensive evaluation index (B) were compared and analyzed for each type of plant community.The results showed that the existing garden plants totaled 318 species, belonging to 93 families and 207 genera. From the horizontal space, the garden plant species of different green areas were, in descending order, park green areas (264 species), unit-affiliated green areas (173 species), residential green areas (105 species) and road green areas (84 species). From the vertical spatial distribution of the plants, the plants in the tree-shrub layer had a high species composition, while the ground cover layer had a relatively low species component. The plant community configuration is dominated by tree-shrub-grass structure, and native plants account for 60.4% of the total number of plant species investigafed. The results of the comprehensive evaluation of plant diversity were consistent with the results of Patrick index and Margalef index reflecting species richness, the species diversity in oeder form high to low were road green space, park green space, residential green space, and unit-affiliated green space. This results provided a reference for the construction and allocation of urban garden plant communities.

This four aspects as the starting point were taken: teacher strength, teaching platform, teaching system, and teaching assessment. The current situation of practical teaching model in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultivation and Identification major was studied, optimization measures were proposed such as improving teacher strength, creating teaching platform, constructing teaching system, and establishing assessment and evaluation mechanism, and the construction of a practical teaching system that highlights the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine with “one core, two stages, three units, and four guarantees”. It elaborated on the practice and thinking of system optimization and reform. To promote the comprehensive quality improvement of college students from all aspects and multiple perspectives, laying the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese medicine and cultivating high-quality compound Chinese medicine agricultural talents.

In view of the importance of Ormosia in ecological protection, ecological services, and resource development and utilisation, the research literature on Ormosia has been sorted and analyzed in order to reveal the progress of research on Ormosia and its trends as well as the current status of cross-fertilisation among the key disciplines. Literature on the Ormosia from CNKI databases was collected, and metrological analyzed, visualisation and keyword clustering were carried out with the help of CiteSpace, Excel and other software.From 2005 to 2021, the annual publication volume fluctuated and increased, with the highest number of publications in 2021, showing a breakthrough growth. Wei Xiaoli had published a large number of articles（29）and had several large author groups, forming the basic framework of a medium to large collaborative network. However, there was still room for further deepening of cooperation among author groups. A research pattern that emphasized both universities and research institutes had been formed, and the research results published by the School of Forestry at Guizhou University and the Institute of Subtropical Forestry at the Chinese Academy of Forestry in this field had a high level of influence. Research institutions had formed a cluster phenomenon, and there was still room for improvement in cooperation and communication between institutions and groups in this field. Related research focused on the seedling cultivation and afforestation of species in the Ormosia genus, with keyword mainly including exploration of artificial forests, analysis and protection of wild community characteristics, and exploration of plant resource utilization. Scholars were paying more attention to the wood utilization and wild population rejuvenation of plants in Ormosia. The endangered protection, ecological restoration, and environmental adaptability of multiple species in Ormosia had became new research focuses.Based on the current research status and trends, it was recommended to strengthen basic research and interdisciplinary integration, promote academic exchanges and resource sharing, and strengthen the conservation and utilisation of germplasm resources.

To clarify the characteristics of soil fertility changes in the cultivated land, and to further enhance soil productivity, the dynamic changes of comprehensive evaluation indicators of cultivated land were analyzed, including organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, based on the monitoring data of main soil nutrient indicators from the second soil survey in 1984 and 20 long-term monitoring sites from 2010 to 2022. The results indicated that from 2010 to 2022, the soil organic matter content ranged from 17.82 to 21.70 g/kg, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content varied from 91.9 to 138.9 mg/kg, the average available phosphorus content ranged from 18.68 to 32.13 mg/kg, and the average available potassium content varied from 183 to 230 mg/kg at the monitoring sites. Over the past 13 years, the soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents at the monitoring sites showed an overall trend of fluctuating increase, the average available phosphorus content exhibited a slow decline followed by a gradual stabilization trend, and the average available potassium content showed fluctuating changes while maintaining a relatively stable trend. The overall soil nutrient levels tended towards balance, and the overall soil fertility level maintained a continuous upward trend.

To analyze the role of native tree species in forestry ecological construction, native tree species and their characteristics were mainly introduced, their role in forestry ecological construction were analyzed, and application strategies were put forward in 3 aspects: scientific planning and planting, protection and breeding technology, ecological education and public participation. Native tree species had the characteristics of strong adaptability, outstanding landscape value and good economy, and their ecological value and landscape value could bring ecological and economic benefits to the local area，and promote the benign development of forestry ecosystem. Native tree species have obvious advantages in forestry ecological construction, which should be full valued, applied and promoted, and scientifically planned and planted according to their growth habits, and research on the protection and breeding of native tree species resources should be strengthened. The awareness of protecting native tree species and the enthusiasm of participating in forestry ecological construction were enhanced by carrying out ecological education activities. The results provided references for optimizing native tree species selection and promoting forestry ecological construction.