节水抗旱稻是一种新型的水稻品种,具有高产优质、节水抗旱和适应性广的特点。本文介绍了节水抗旱稻的发展优势,包括应对高温干旱环境变化,减少水利基础设施建设投入,降低生产成本和劳动强度,扩大水稻种植面积,以及保障水稻生产安全等;探讨丰产栽培技术,包括应选择地势平坦、排灌方便的连片地块,选择适应栽培地气候条件的品种进行机械化穴播,播后采取“一封、二杀、三补”的杂草防除方式,水分以自然降水为主,田间持水量较低时可采取微喷灌方式,病虫害以防治根结线虫、稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟、水稻细菌性条斑病、纹枯病和稻瘟病等为主,可采取“一喷多促”方式在防治病虫草害的同时,促进作物生长。目的在于为节水抗旱稻的推广和产量提高提供参考。

In order to clarify the relationship between different precipitation patterns and nitrogen uptake and transport in wheat plants, and to explore efficient production technology paths for different crop types, this experiment investigated the effects of different precipitation patterns and crop types on nitrogen uptake and utilization, transport characteristics, and nitrogen efficiency in wheat plants at the experimental demonstration base of the Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Henan Province for two consecutive years. The results showed that the high water year was more conducive to the absorption of nitrogen by wheat plants after soybean cropping compared to the low water year, improving the accumulation of nitrogen in wheat plants and promoting the transport of nitrogen accumulated after flowering to the grains. Both soybean and peanut stubble could increase the nitrogen content of wheat plants compared to corn stubble, which was beneficial for nitrogen accumulation in wheat plants, promoting the transfer of nitrogen from leaves, stems and sheaths to grains, improving the pre flowering nitrogen transport and nitrogen transfer rate of wheat plants, and ultimately increasing the nitrogen efficiency and yield of wheat grains. The nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency of wheat plants with different crop types could be significantly improved in the year of abundant water compared to the year of insufficient water. Under different precipitation year types, both soybean and peanut stubbles can promote nitrogen absorption in wheat plants, which is beneficial for nitrogen accumulation and transportation to the grains after flowering, thereby increasing grain yield and ultimately improving nitrogen utilization efficiency of wheat plants. In low water years, soybean stubble has a better effect, while peanut stubble has a better effect in high water years.

The green cultivation techniques for shiitake mushrooms in greenhouse construction, strain inoculation, and post inoculation management, and other aspects were summarized and analyzed. Choosen land with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, and abundant water sources to construct mushroom boron; Selected high-quality mushroom varieties, suitable cultivation substrates, strictly disinfect and bag for inoculation; After vaccination, ensure proper management of bacterial growth, removal from bags, and promotion of buds; After fruiting, adjust the temperature, humidity, and light during the development period of mushroom buds, and use physical, biological, and chemical methods to prevent and control miscellaneous bacteria and pests; Timely harvested and carried out rejuvenation cultivation to promote the growth of second crop mushrooms. The research results provided references for improving the yield and quality of shiitake mushrooms and promoting sustainable development of related industries.

In order to effectively control tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank, this experiment studied the effects of different transplanting methods(conventional transplanting, well cellar transplanting, and transplanting seedlings under the membrane), tobacco varieties(K326, Guiyan No.8, Guiyan No.5, Yunyan 85, Yunyan 105, Xiangyan No.7, and Yunyan 87), mulching methods(white film, black film, and not covering with film), and stem perforation positions(5, 15, and 25 cm form the ground) on tobacco wilt and black shank. The results showed that the incidence of transplanting seedlings under film was the lowest among the 3 transplanting methods. Among the 3 film mulching methods, black film had the lightest incidence; the occurrence of bacterial wilt and black shank could be significantly reduced by perforation at 5 cm from the ground after the onset of tobacco plant. Among the 7 tobacco varieties, the incidence of Xiangyan No.7 was the lowest, which was highly resistant to bacterial wilt and black shank. The research results can provide a reference for scientific and effective prevention and control of tobacco bacterial wilt and black shank.

农业智能传感器是一种智能感知农业环境参数的设备。在智慧农业发展背景下,现代农业的信息化、智能化发展离不开农业智能传感器的广泛应用。农业智能传感器的应用与普及可以帮助农民精确地制定种植策略,提高作物的产量和质量,减少资源浪费和环境污染。本文阐述了智慧农业背景下农业智能传感器的应用现状,剖析了农业智能传感器自身、数据传输通信和数据处理方面存在的问题,并提出了解决措施和建议,为推广应用农业智能传感器提供参考。

Ecological vulnerability is the sensitive response and self-recovery ability of ecosystems relative to external disturbances at specific spatial and temporal scales, and it is an inherent attribute of ecosystems. The existing research areas, research methods including model simulation method, comprehensive index evaluation method, geographic information system and spatial analysis technology and research contents of ecological vulnerability were summarized respetivly, to provide a reference for clarifying the current research status and research trends of the dynamic evolution of ecological vulnerability in a typical region. It was found that there were situations such as insufficient theoretical foundations, insufficient consistency of evaluation indexes, the need for further improvement of research methods, and the need to expand the research areas in the current research on ecological vulnerability. Thus, it is of great importance to enhance the discussion on the study of ecological vulnerability, further expand the direction and content of research, and improve the quality and level of research to protect the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development.

In order to explore the fluorine content of fresh tea leaves, the fresh tea leaves were collected with different leaf positions, growth periods, seasons and regions, dried them, soaked them in boiling water bath to extract fluoride, and determined fluoride ions by selective electrode method. Through the comparison and analysis of data, the fluorine content, changing rules and influencing factors of fresh tea leaves were explored. The results showed that the fluorine content of fresh leaves in different leaf positions changed linearly: bud < first leaf < second leaf < third leaf < fourth leaf. The fluorine content of fresh leaves with different leaf ages changes linearly: one leaf in one bud < two leaves in one bud < three leaves in one bud < four leaves in one bud < five leaves in one bud. The fluorine content of fresh leaves was lower than that of old leaves, and it showed an upward trend with the increase of leaf age. This study provided a reference for the development of tea industry.

4 types of plant community green space garden including road green space and park green space, in Xinxiang City, Henan Province, were taken as the research object. The species composition, spatial distribution, community structure and plant origin of the plant community in the green space was investigated by using the sample method, and the Pielou evenness index, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index, Margalef index, Patrick index and comprehensive evaluation index (B) were compared and analyzed for each type of plant community.The results showed that the existing garden plants totaled 318 species, belonging to 93 families and 207 genera. From the horizontal space, the garden plant species of different green areas were, in descending order, park green areas (264 species), unit-affiliated green areas (173 species), residential green areas (105 species) and road green areas (84 species). From the vertical spatial distribution of the plants, the plants in the tree-shrub layer had a high species composition, while the ground cover layer had a relatively low species component. The plant community configuration is dominated by tree-shrub-grass structure, and native plants account for 60.4% of the total number of plant species investigafed. The results of the comprehensive evaluation of plant diversity were consistent with the results of Patrick index and Margalef index reflecting species richness, the species diversity in oeder form high to low were road green space, park green space, residential green space, and unit-affiliated green space. This results provided a reference for the construction and allocation of urban garden plant communities.

In recent year, the application of high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) technology in fruit and vegetable preservation has gradually attracted attention. In order to understand the current status of this technology’s application in the preservation of fruits and vegctables, the research progress of high-voltage electrostatic field technology in fruit and vegetable preservation in recent years was reviewed, including its preservation mechanism, application status, application effect and future development trend, and the advantages of HVEF technology in efficient preservation and environmental protection were summarized, in purpose to provide reference for the application of HVEF technology in the preservation of fruits and vegetables.

稻鸭共作是近几年主推的绿色高质高效种养模式之一,推广应用面积逐年扩大,对推进农业供给侧结构性改革、农业可持续和高质量发展以及促进农民增产增收发挥了重要作用。本文基于生产实践,围绕稻鸭共作呈现出的除草控害、除虫防病、施肥改土、中耕浑水、刺激生长、药肥双减和稻米鸭肉品质双提升等优势特点,分析了稻鸭共作技术模式的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益;围绕品种选择、田块选择、设施建设、科学管理和适时收获等方面,总结了稻鸭绿色种养技术,为向新型农业经营主体、科技示范户和普通农户推广应用稻鸭共作模式提供技术参考。

为实现玉米和大豆的增产增效,本文结合生产实践,从品种选择与处理、播种管理、田间管理和采收等方面总结分析了大豆玉米带状复种栽培技术。品种选择方面,大豆宜选择熟期适宜、优质、耐阴性强且密植性好的稳产型品种;玉米应选用耐密、抗逆且宜机收的品种。播种管理方面,一般采用6行大豆与4行玉米相间种植为一个栽培单元的种植模式,可在6月中下旬采用机械化种植。田间管理方面,要求及时间苗、定苗和中耕除草;栽培过程中,注意粗缩病、茎基腐病、玉米螟和黏虫等玉米病虫害以及豆蚜、豆天蛾和烟粉虱等大豆虫害的防治;进入成熟期后须及时收获、晾晒和贮藏。大豆玉米带状复种栽培技术有利于促进作物间和谐共生,提高作物产量,可作为农业种植新模式进行推广。

This four aspects as the starting point were taken: teacher strength, teaching platform, teaching system, and teaching assessment. The current situation of practical teaching model in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultivation and Identification major was studied, optimization measures were proposed such as improving teacher strength, creating teaching platform, constructing teaching system, and establishing assessment and evaluation mechanism, and the construction of a practical teaching system that highlights the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine with “one core, two stages, three units, and four guarantees”. It elaborated on the practice and thinking of system optimization and reform. To promote the comprehensive quality improvement of college students from all aspects and multiple perspectives, laying the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese medicine and cultivating high-quality compound Chinese medicine agricultural talents.

In order to cultivate high-quality applied talents, the characteristics of the curriculum and the training needs of environmental professionals were combined, attached importance to the application of practical case teaching method, and conducted practical case teaching analysis and exploration in the teaching process of Environmental Monitoring course. The investigation of soil pollution was taken as a practical case, conduct a detailed analysis of the investigation results. By investigating regional division, determining soil distribution principles and quantities, collecting soil samples, determining analysis indicators and testing methods, and verifying testing quality and results, a practical case soil environmental monitoring plan was formulated, and the testing results were analyzed. Practice had shown that, this practical case teaching model effectively improved teaching quality and provided references for the reform of case teaching in this course.

“Xihu Qiuyun” and “Xianghu Qiuyun” are lotus varieties that have been bred through pollination and crossbreeding methods, with “Xihu Honglian” serving as the male parent and “Qiu Yan” and “Qiu Xing” as the female parents. These varieties are known for their cold tolerance and extended flowering periods. The breeding process, morphological characteristics, biological habits, and propagation applications of these two lotus varieties were summarized and analyzed in this paper, providing a reference for the breeding and application of cold-tolerant and long-flowering lotus varieties. “Xihu Qiuyun” and “Xianghu Qiuyun” were classified as large plant types, and it was found that their blooming periods extend until the middle of October and November, respectively. After being subjected to a second planting, “Xianghu Qiuyun” can have its blooming period extended to December 10th. Flowering periods of 154 and 133 days were observed for “Xihu Qiuyun” and “Xianghu Qiuyun,” respectively. These varieties are characterized by bright flower colors, large petals, and strong adaptability to the environment, and they are considered suitable for widespread use in the construction of wetland parks, river and lakeside landscape greening projects, and the beautification of community water bodies.

温室栽培番茄可以通过调节适宜的环境条件,缩短番茄生长周期,有效提高番茄产量和质量,从而实现番茄全年供应。为提高北方地区温室大棚栽培番茄的质量和产量,本研究结合研究区域实际,对温室番茄高效栽培技术进行了分析总结,包括温室准备及整地,选种,幼苗培育（育苗床准备、药剂浸种、播种和苗期管理）,移栽准备（整地施肥、棚室消毒、覆盖地膜、幼苗处理和移栽定植）,定植后管理（温度管理、肥水管理、植株生长调节、花果管理和有害生物防治）等,以提高番茄的品质和产量,为温室番茄种植的大面积推广提供借鉴。

Based on the current breeding status of potatoes, the aspects that need further improvement, and corresponding development strategies and suggestions were summarized and analyzed. At present, potato breeding was mainly based on its asexual reproduction characteristics, which had the advantages of simplicity, effectiveness, and ensuring the purity of potato seeds. Meanwhile, it was necessary to do a good job in potato seed potato detoxification, pest control, and field management. In the breeding process, it was necessary to further improve the collection of potato variety resources, the production capacity of seed potatoes, the production technology of seed potatoes, the quality of virus-free seed potatoes, and the processing capacity of potato products. Development strategies for potato breeding work were proposed, including establishing a good breeding environment, scientifically introducing potato varieties, innovating potato breeding methods, and innovating production equipment and technology, to provide references for promoting the standardized and rational development of the potato industry.

In order to explore the quality, heavy metal content, and risk of Gastrodia elata, 21 Gastrodia elata tubers from different planting bases were used as materials to determine the water content, extract, total content of Gastrodia elata extract and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, residual sulfur dioxide, total ash content, and heavy metal content such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper. The single factor pollution index method and Nemerow index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the heavy metal pollution in 21 Gastrodia elata samples. The results showed that the moisture content, extract content, total amount of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, sulfur dioxide residue, and total ash content of most Gastrodia elata samples all met the limit values specified in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia; the heavy metal content of lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, and copper in Gastrodia elata samples from various bases was lower than the limit values specified in various planting bases of Gastrodia elata, the single factor pollution index of 5 heavy metals was all below 0.7, with a comprehensive index range of 0.08-0.52. The heavy metal pollution status was all at a safe level.

保护、利用森林资源,需依托科学的规划调查,有效了解林业资源的生长及分布情况。将3S技术应用到森林资源规划设计调查工作中,能够确保规划调查工作高效真实。为进一步保护、利用森林资源,本文结合3S技术的原理和特点,从遥感（RS）技术应用原理、全球定位系统（GPS）技术应用原理、地理信息系统（GIS）技术应用原理方面分析了3S技术在森林资源规划设计调查中的应用优势,从监测和调查森林资源、预防森林火灾、防治森林病虫害方面介绍了主要工作内容,探讨了3S技术在森林资源规划设计调查中的具体应用策略,包括图形数据采集、解译标志建立、小班判读区划、外业调查和空间图形库建立等方面,对3S技术在森林资源规划设计调查中的应用前景进行展望。

To explore efficient and scalable foliar resistance control agents in rice production, 4 foliar inhibitors (potassium fulvic acid, silicon fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, and selenium fertilizer) were selected to investigate its effects on rice growth and yield, as well as the effect of accumulation and transport of cadmium in various organs of rice. The results showed that after spraying four foliar inhibitors during the tillering and grain filling stages of rice, the plant height, tiller number, and thousand grain weight of rice increased to varying degrees. Compared with the blank control, the yield of rice treated with foliar inhibitors increased by 0.34% to 4.83%. After the application of foliar inhibitors, the cadmium content in the roots, stems, leaves, and grains of rice decreased, and the cadmium content in all treated grains met the national food safety standards. Based on the comprehensive analysis of rice yield and cadmium reduction effect, it is recommended to adopt foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer technology in mildly cadmium polluted rice fields to control the absorption and transport of cadmium in rice and achieve safe rice production.

In order to explore the suitable density conditions for early spring greenhouse cultivation of chili peppers, this experiment compared and analyzed the main agronomic traits, yield, and economic benefits of chili peppers under seven density conditions of 40 500, 43 500, 46 500, and 49 500 plants/hm². The results showed that when the density was low, the individual development of chili peppers plants was better, with higher plant height, fruit length, fruit diameter, and single fruit weight compared to high-density treatments. Density conditions did not affect the appearance and other characteristics of chili fruits. As the density increases, the yield and benefits of chili peppers show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. At a density of 49 500 plants/hm², the yield and benefits were highest, at 91 125.0 kg/hm² and 264 937.5 yuan/hm², respectively. The second density treatment was 46 500 and 52 500 plants/hm². Suitable density conditions are conducive to achieving high yields in chili peppers, and the experimental results provide a reference for high-yield cultivation of chili peppers.

To explore the effects of ethanol extract from Dendrobium officinale on the gut microbiota of antibiotic induced dysbiosis mice, a blank group and a gut microbiota dysbiosis model group（gavage of lincomycin hydrochloride 120 mg/kg）were set up, respectively. The model group was treated with normal water, high（6 g/kg）and low dose（1.5 g/kg）of ethanol extract from Dendrobium officinale, and the effects of each treatment on the general condition, TNF-α, IL-1 levels, short chain fatty acid levels, gut microbiota composition, richness, and diversity of mice were observed. The results showed that the general mental condition of mice in the high-dose and low-dose groups of Dendrobium officinale improved, and the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-1 were significantly reduced compared to the model group, while the levels of short chain fatty acids were significantly increased. There were differences in the species composition of gut microbiota compared to the model group, but no significant differences in richness and diversity. The ethanol extract of Dendrobium officinale had a certain improvement effects on the gut microbiota of antibiotic induced intestinal dysbiosis mice.

In order to meet the needs of education reform, deepen undergraduate education and teaching reform, promote teacher training professional certification, and improve the quality of talent cultivation, from the perspectives of improving the main responsibility, establishing a sound assurance system, improving assurance indicators, and implementing information feedback, taking the Bioscience major as an example, the current situation of professional teaching quality assurance sytem were analyzed. The PDCA with the OBE as the leading factor were introduced. A closed-loop teaching quality assurance system was designed for the Bioscience major around four key links: planning, implementation, inspection, and processing. The purpose was to strengthen the main responsibility at the professional level, optimize indicator design, improve the assurance system, deepen teaching quality assurance, effectively improve the quality of professional teaching, and comprehensively improve the quality of talent cultivation.

The main facilities and equipment and related advantages and disadvantages of the cultivation model of edible fungi in square cabin were summarized and analyzed, and development suggestions was proposed in this article. This technology utilizes advanced equipment and facilities to meet the growth conditions such as temperature, humidity, and light required for edible fungi cultivation, achieving standardized and modern production of edible fungi. This model has obvious advantages and potential, such as fast construction and production, high production efficiency, good production income, and rapid industrial development. At the same time, it also faces challenges such as high investment costs and energy consumption. The research results provide a reference for the cultivation model and industrial development of edible mushroom shelters.

In order to effectively improve the quality of innovation and entrepreneurship education in agricultural and forestry vocational colleges, and cultivate more talents with innovative spirit and entrepreneurial consciousness, the necessity of cultivating innovative talents in agricultural and forestry vocational colleges were analyzed. Research was conducted from four aspects:mastering knowledge and skills of agricultural modernization, cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial spirit and practical ability, strengthening the deep integration of industry, academia and research, and promoting rural economic upgrading and transformation. The current situation of innovation and entrepreneurship education in agricultural and forestry vocational colleges were explored under the background of rural revitalization, focused on three aspects:the matching degree between training objectives and resource allocation with the needs of rural revitalization, the coordination between professional settings and construction with rural revitalization development, and the support of curriculum system construction for rural revitalization. On this basis, the path of integrating rural revitalization with innovation and entrepreneurship education in agricultural and forestry vocational colleges was analyzed, including building a talent training model that meets the needs, forming a clustered professional development pattern, optimizing the new industry demand professional structure, constructing a sound curriculum system, and strengthening the construction of a “dual teacher” teaching staff. These explorations and practices provided references for agricultural and forestry vocational colleges to play a greater role in rural revitalization.

Unrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance in bacteria, finding potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics has become the focus of current research. Antimicrobial peptides represent promising options owing to their unique antimicrobial mechanisms, which render them less prone to induce resistance. Moreover, antimicrobial peptides possess broad-spectrum bioactivities against bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, tumor cells, etc. and have been implemented in many areas. This article provided a introduction to the classification, mechanisms of action and application in food processing and other fields of antimicrobial peptides, to provide a reference for relevant studies of antimicrobial peptides.

In order to explore the effect of Illicium verum extract on the Passiflova edulis seed and growth. In this experiment, petri dish filter paper method was used to study the effects of different concentrations (0, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.50% and 1.00%) of Illicium verum essential oil emulsion on seed germination and seedling growth of Passiflora edulis Qinmi No 9. The effects of different concentrations of Illicium verum essential oil emulsion on seed germination of Passiflora edulis were not significant（P>0.05）. The effects of anise essential oil emulsion on plant height and dry weight of Passiflora edulis seedlings were promoted by low concentration and inhibited by high concentration. The inhibitory effect on root length and fresh weight decreased with the increase of concentration. Passiflora edulis Qinmi No 9. is suitable for stereoscopic and compound planting under Illicium verum forest.

Based on the planting practice of Dendrobium officinale, the common diseases and pests and its prevention measures were summarized and analyzed in the process of artificial planting of this plant from the aspects of occurrence patterns, harmful symptoms, and prevention and control measures. The common diseases in the research area were divided into infectious diseases (anthracnose, soft rot, root rot, leaf spot disease, etc.) and non infectious diseases. Infectious diseases could spread and were mainly caused by pathogenic bacteria such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Non infectious diseases could not spread between plants, mainly due to improper cultivation management and other reasons. Common pests that cause significant damage included slugs, snails, spider mites, aphids, and scale insects. Based on the characteristics of different diseases and pests, comprehensive control measures such as agricultural control, physical control, and chemical control had been proposed, providing references for further improving the product quality of artificial cultivation of Dendrobium officinale.

Fusarium crown rot of wheat caused by various fungus such as Fusarium is a typical fungal soil-borne disease. In recent years, the frequency and severity of the disease are increasing, which poses a serious threat to wheat production and food security. The occurrence characteristics, regularity and causes of Fusarium crown rot of wheat were reviewed, and the comprehensive control measures combining agricultural control, chemical control and biological control were put forward, in order to provide some technical references for the comprehensive control of Fusarium crown rot of wheat.

To investigate the impact of hail on the damage of rapeseed. The simulation experiments were conducted in the field using steel balls of different sizes such as 5, 10, 25, and 30 mm to simulate the damage of hail with different diameters and densities to rapeseed. The effects of hail with different diameters on the aboveground biomass of rapeseed and the canopy spectrum of rapeseed were measured. The disaster losses of rapeseed during flowering and final flowering periods were collected, and the yield of rapeseed was statistically analyzed. The results indicated that simulating hail with a diameter of 30 mm had the greatest impact on the disaster losses of rapeseed. In simulated hail of the same diameter, the higher the density, the greater the disaster losses caused. The conclusions drawn from the spectral analysis of rapeseed before and after the disaster were not clear, and further research was needed in the future. To provide references for reducing the damage caused by hail to rapeseed and improving crop yield.

Explored the feasibility of using earthworm manure as a cultivation substrate to reduce the use of peat, provided a reference for the efficient utilization of earthworm manure and biochar. This experiment used strawberry seedlings as the main material, combined with facility three-dimensional soilless cultivation technology, and set up five different substrate formulas, including peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (CK); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₁); peat: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₂); earthworm manure: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% of biochar was added in a volume ratio of 2∶1∶1 (Q₃); grass Charcoal: earthworm feces: vermiculite: perlite added in a volume ratio of 1∶1∶1, and on this basis, 10% biochar (Q₄) was added in a volume ratio, to determine the effects of each formula substrate on the growth and reproduction of strawberry plants.The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of earthworm manure to the biochar substrate did not affect the survival of strawberry seedlings, but could promote the growth of plant height, stem thickness, crown width, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area; Earthworm manure could increase the chlorophyll content of strawberry leaves, thereby promoting plant photosynthesis and promoting the reproduction of strawberry seedlings.Overall, the volume ratio of peat, earthworm manure, vermiculite, and perlite, along with the addition of a certain amount of biochar, could be promoted and applied as a substrate for strawberry cultivation.The experimental results provided a reference for earthworm manure replacing peat as a new raw material for soilless cultivation composite substrate.

The ecological cultivation techniques of Dendrobium officinale was analyzed, including fertilizer application, pest and disease control, soil management, and their environmental benefits. The main pharmacological effects of Dendrobium officinale were elaborated, such as immune regulation, anti-inflammatory effects, cardiovascular protection, antioxidant and anti-aging properties, as well as its specific applications in functional foods, traditional Chinese medicine, and clinical practice. In view of the challenges of technical, market, and financial faced in the ecological cultivation and application of Dendrobium officinale, from the perspective of the organic integration of agriculture and medicine of Dendrobium officinale, the future development of Dendrobium officinale was prospeced from five aspects: technical innovation, standardization construction, capital and policy support, multidisciplinary cooperation and international cooperation. The aim is to enhance the product quality and market competitiveness of Dendrobium officinale.

The nutritional value, processing technology and product development of potato residue were summarized and analyzed, the relationship between the development and utilization of potato residue and environmental protection was expounded, and the development prospect of potato residue and the aspects to be improved were discussed, so as to provide references for realizing efficient utilization of potato residue resources, green sustainable development and environmental protection. Potato residue is rich in nutrients such as fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals, making it a valuable resource for various industries. By utilizing advanced processing technologies, potato residue can be converted into high-value products such as feed, biofuels, and biodegradable plastics. These products not only reduce waste and relieve environmental pollution but also contribute to the development of a circular economy. However, there are still challenges to overcome in the efficient utilization of potato residue.,including technical limitations, market constraints, and security. By adopting innovative technologies and strategies, potato residue can be transformed a waste product into a valuable resource, achieving the utilization of agricultural waste resources and environmental protection.

To explore the processing technology of Gastrodia elata light soup hot pot condiment and broaden its added value. Single factor and orthogonal experiments were conducted with sensory quality, oil and microorganisms as the main factors, including the amount of Gastrodia elata powder added, the proportion of oil and fat compound, and the amount of salt added. The results showed that the quality of the hot pot condiment had the highest comprehensive score when the Gastrodia elata powder was 5%, the oil to fat ratio was 1:3, and the salt was 6%. The product had a bright color, good solidification, and after boiling, it had a fresh and rich aroma, a mellow aftertaste, and a soft taste. The physicochemical and microbiologiod indicators of the product oil met the standards, and the nutritional content was relatively high. The development of this product provided a new direction for the development and utilization of Gastrodia elata.

The green, high-quality, and efficient cultivation techniques for tomatoes were summarized and analyzed. The technical points of tomatoes cultivation were mainly analyzed in detail from 4 aspects: tomatoes seed selection and seedling cultivation, transplanting and planting, field management, and prevention and control of major diseases and pests. Seed selection and seedling cultivation included site selection, land preparation and bed raising, sufficient base fertilizer application, and variety and seedling selection. Transplanting and planting included planting with pesticides, planting time and quantity, field management throughout the growth period of tomatoes, and prevention and control of major diseases and pests such as bacterial wilt, leaf mold, and stem rot. Tomato green, high-quality and efficient cultivation requires selecting high-quality varieties based on local conditions; Paid attention to proper pruning, adopt scientific fertilization methods, and supplement trace elements; Promoted roots and fruits in the early stage of tomatoes growth, and nourish roots and fruits in the middle and late stages; The prevention and control of diseases and pests required precise identification of the type of pest and disease, scientific application of pesticides, and active prevention. The results provided references for tomatoes cultivation.

Limonoids are a class of highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoid secondary metabolites that are mainly found in the Rutaceae and Meliaceae plant families, including substances such as limonin, nomilin, and obacunone. In this study, we mainly review the main physical and chemical properties of limonins and their physiological activities on the body, systematically summarize their various biological activities and mechanisms of action, hoping to lay an important foundation for further application of limonins in health care, food development, agricultural production and other aspects.

The diseased panicles of rice was isolated and purified in the experimental base of College of Agricultural, Shihezi University. The isolated pathogens was analyzed by morphology, ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers（rDNA-its）and histone 3 gene sequences, and the pathogenicity was determined, and its biological characteristics was studied. The results showed that Alternaria alternata was the pathogen causing brown lesions on rice panicles. The pathogenicity test showed that the rice panicles had the same symptoms as the sampled rice panicles, and the same Alternaria was isolated from the diseased panicle of rice. The optimum medium for the growth of the pathogen was sucrose as carbon source. The optimum pH 5-7. The optimum growth temperature 29-32 ℃. The optimum growth light 24 h full light. In conclusion, the rice brown panicle disease was caused by Alternaria alternata.

This study aims to analyze the influence of different organic fertilizer application proportion on cucumber production in greenhouse, and select the best proportion of organic fertilizer application in cucumber planting, so as to provide reference for scientific fertilization in facility cucumber production. In this experiment, the effects of increasing organic fertilizer and decreasing different amounts of chemical fertilizer on the yield, efficiency and quality of greenhouse cucumbers were investigated. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer + reduced application of different proportions of formula fertilizer could increase the yield of cucumber compared with that of conventional fertilizer, increasing the yield by 6 483.45~11 382.60 kg/hm² (10.7%~18.8%), and the planting efficiency and fertilization effect of cucumber were significantly increased.In the production of increase the application of organic fertilizer and reduce the application of 16% fertilizer, can achieve the effect of reducing the application of chemical fertilizer and improving the economic benefit.In addition, the application of organic fertilizer could significantly reduce the nitrate content of cucumber, increase the content of soluble protein, reduce the content of organic acid, so as to improve the product quality.

Huixiangjing 977 is a japonica rice variety selected from Zhendao 14 as the female parent and Wuxiangjing 14 as the male parent. It was approved for variety review in 2022. This article analyzed the breeding process,agronomic characteristics, production performance,and main cultivation techniques of Huixiangjing 977. Huixiangjing 977 has the advantages of high-quality taste, high yield,large panicle,excellent comprehensive traits, and wide adaptability, making it suitable for planting in single season and double season late japonica rice regions in Anhui Province. The principles of high-yield cultivation techniques are to stabilize the foundation, compete for sufficient panicles, attack large panicles, improve grain weight and seed setting rate, in order to obtain higher quality and yield. The results provide a reference for the promotion and application of this variety.

本文采用文献资料法和案例分析法,对相关文献进行综合查阅和分析,并系统概述了生物防治技术在园林绿化中的应用现状。结合实例,对园林绿化中存在的生物危害等问题进行了探讨。结果表明,采用引入天敌、利用菌类和生物农药等生物防治方法,能有效控制园林中的害虫数量和危害程度。通过选育和应用具有抗病能力的寄生菌和抗生菌品种,也可以成功控制园林中常见的病害,保护植物健康生长。生物防治技术在园林绿化中是一种有效且可行的控制害虫和病害方法,对提高园林绿化的质量和可持续发展具有重要意义。

Oxidative stress can cause lipid peroxidation, induce cell apoptosis, and damage cellular genetic material, thereby affecting the normal growth and development process of animals. This article induced oxidative stress in mice fed with tea polyphenols. By monitoring the weight and food intake of the induced mice, serum and liver antioxidant indicators were measured to study the alleviating effect of tea polyphenols on oxidative stress in mice. The results showed that before oxidative stress induction, there was no significant difference in weight and food intake among the groups of mice; after oxidative stress induction, the content of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant in the serum of the stress group significantly decreased. Tea polyphenols could effectively increase the serum antioxidant level. At the same time, the content of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the liver of the stress group mice decreased, while the content of malondialdehyde increased. Tea polyphenol treatment could increase the content of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the liver of mice, this indicated that tea polyphenols could effectively increase serum antioxidant levels, protect mouse liver, and reduce oxidative stress damage caused by diquat. The purpose was to provide a reference basis for further research on how tea polyphenols alleviate oxidative stress in animal husbandry.