Chengxi Lake is a typical shallow macrophyte-dominated lake in the Huaihe River Basin, and its fish diversity holds significant ecological and economic values for maintaining regional ecological balance and the sustainable utilization of fishery resources. To assess the ecological restoration effects of Chengxi Lake from 2022 to 2024 and analyze the evolutionary patterns and driving mechanisms of the fish community structure, this study conducted systematic monitoring during the fish spawning period (April-July) and feeding period (August-November) from 2022 to 2024. By integrating gillnet sampling, multi-parameter water quality analysis, and combining biodiversity indices with redundancy analysis (RDA), the dynamic characteristics of fish resource recovery and environmental regulation pathways under the background of the fishing ban were revealed. The results showed that: (1) over a three-year period, a total of 40 fish species were collected from Chengxi Lake, belonging to 8 orders, 13 families, and 33 genera. The Cypriniformes order dominated with 24 species (60%), followed by Perciformes (4 species) and Siluriformes (4 species). From 2022 to 2024, the fishery resources in Chengxi Lake showed significant recovery, with species numbers increasing from 29 in 2022 to 31 in 2024. (2) The dominant species shifted from short-snouted Hemiculter leucisculus, Carassius auratus, and Coilia brachygnathus to Pseudolaubuca sinensis, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Carassius auratus. Although species numbers recovered, the community structure became more homogeneous, the Shannon diversity index showed an overall downward trend. The fish community exhibited significant disturbance and overall miniaturization (ABC curve W value: -0.075). (3) RDA revealed positive correlations between dominant species (Hemiculter leucisculus, Pseudolaubuca sinensis, and Carassius auratus) and water temperature (WT) and permanganate index (CODMn) (P<0.05), while Culter dabryi and Coilia brachygnathus showed positive correlations with total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (Chla). Research indicated that the fishing ban policy in Chengxi Lake had initially facilitated fish resource recovery, yet the simplification of community structure remains a critical challenge. The primary drivers are water eutrophication (total phosphorus, TP; chlorophyll a, Chla) and habitat connectivity loss. To enhance ecosystem stability, the study proposes a three-pronged strategy: ecological gate regulation, phosphorus load reduction, and trophic cascade restoration. This article provides reference for the management of fishing bans in lakes in the Huai River Basin.
This paper systematically introduces the breeding process, characteristics, and high-yield cultivation techniques of Huijingnuo 125, a japonica glutinous rice variety. Approved by Anhui Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2023 (Wanshendao 2023L054), it was developed through 7 generations of breeding over 5 years, with Wuxiangnuo 2402 as female parent crossed with Huainuo 12 (F1 generation), which was then crossed with Wankenuo 2. Huijingnuo 125 had moderate plant type, tough stems, straight flag leaves, light green leaf color, and strong lodging resistance. In a 3-year multi-site experiment, it achieved an average yield of 10 249.3 kg/hm⊃2;, 8.98% higher than the control variety Dangjing 8, with 100% yield-increasing rate. Its rice quality is superior (amylose content < 2%), it is moderately susceptible to rice blast and resistant to bacterial blight, and contains genes for blast resistance (Pi-ta, Pib, Pi-Km), bacterial blight resistance (Xa26/Xa3), and grain shape optimization (GLW7). For high-yield cultivation, sowing is recommended from late May to early June, with a seed rate of 90 kg/hm⊃2; for direct seeding and 60-75 kg/hm⊃2; for mechanical transplanting (transplanting density: 240 000-300 000 hills/hm⊃2;). Direct-seeded fields require sufficient base fertilizer, early tillering fertilizer, timely panicle fertilizer, proper field drying for tiller control, and alternating dry-wet irrigation (water cut-off 7 days before harvest). Mechanically transplanted fields need seedling-strengthening fertilizer, fine soil preparation, and split nitrogen application (base:tillering:panicle fertilizer = 4:2:4) with timely field drainage. By following green prevention and control protocols, biological and physical methods were used for the sustainable management of pests, diseases, and weeds. This paper provides a reference for the large scale popularization and cultivation of Huijingnuo 125 in relevant regions.
To clarify the control effect of cyproflanilide on Chilo suppressalis in rice, this paper used Zheyou 18 as the experimental subject and sowed the seeds on May 13, 2024. Based on the pest and disease alert, pesticide application was carried out on September 13th and September 23rd, 2024, respectively. An investigation was also conducted on the growth safety of rice, the number of tillers, the number of white panicles, the white-panicle rate, and the control efficacy against white panicles. 9 treatments were set up in the experiment: 20% cyproflanilide Suspension Concentrate (SC) 300 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 1); 20% cyproflanilide SC 300 mL/hm⊃2; (the first pesticide application) + 20% cyproflanilide SC 300 mL/hm⊃2; (the second pesticide application) (treatment 2); 20% cyproflanilide SC 300 mL/hm⊃2; + 10% abamectin·methoxyfenozide SC 2 250 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 3); 20% cyproflanilide SC 300 mL/hm⊃2; + 20% monosultap Emulsion in Water (EC) 3 750 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 4); 20% cyproflanilide SC 300 mL/hm⊃2; + 5% abamectin Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) 2 250 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 5); 10% abamectin·methoxyfenozide SC 2 250 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 6); 10% abamectin·methoxyfenozide SC 2 250 mL/hm⊃2; + 20% monosultap EW 3 750 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 7); 6% spinetoram SC 900 mL/hm⊃2; + 20% monosultap EW 3 750 mL/hm⊃2; (treatment 8); blank control (CK, treatment 9). The results showed that the average number of tillers per cluster in treatments 1-9 ranged from 14.0 to 18.8, the number of white-panicles ranged from 137 to 1 373, and the white-panicle rate ranged from 1.37% to 14.96%. The control effect of treatment 1 was 81.6%, significantly higher than that of treatment 6. Treatment 2 had the best control effect among all treatments, reaching 90.8%, significantly higher than those of treatment 1 and treatment 6. The control effects of treatment 3 and treatment 5 were 89.8% and 90.3% respectively. The control effect of treatment 4 was the next. The control effects of the control agents in treatments 6, 7, and 8 were 59.0%, 79.3%, and 77.9% respectively, all of which did not reach 80%. Comprehensively, the single agent of cyproflanilide and its combinations with 5% abamectin EC 2 250 mL/hm⊃2;, 10% abamectin·methoxyfenozide SC 2 250 mL/hm⊃2;, and 20% monosultap EW 3 750 mL/hm⊃2; can be used as highly effective control agents for Chilo suppressalis in rice. This paper provides a reference for the control of Chilo suppressalis in rice.
