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  • WUYue’e, DUANHaiyan, JIANGGonghao
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2025, 41(4): 19-24. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0158

    To understand the research progress of colored rice and its related genes, the functions of colored rice were summarized, and the effects of Ra, Rc, Rd, OsC1 and OsB2 genes on the traits of colored rice were analyzed. These genes determine the red, black, and purple colors of rice grains by influencing the accumulation of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. In this paper, we point out the limitations of related rice color genes in rice breeding. And the current research is not systematic enough to make full use of the diversity of these genes and prove the role of these genes in other rice traits. It is believed that genome-wide association analysis and population genetics method can be used to systematically analyze the variation and expression patterns of these genes in different rice varieties, and provide data support for rice genetic improvement. We can also use genetic methods and modern biotechnology methods to explore the functions of these genes in other traits of rice, to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of multiple traits of rice.

  • Fan YUAN, Jia LI
    Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture. 2024, 36(9): 44-57. https://doi.org/10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.24-0614

    [Purpose/Significance] In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has emerged as a transformative force in information literacy (IL) education, presenting unprecedented opportunities and challenges for library-based learning environments. This scoping review comprehensively examines the integration of GenAI within IL education, moving beyond theoretical frameworks to provide a nuanced analysis of practical applications and strategic implementations. In contrast to existing research that primarily emphasizes technological capabilities, this study explores the profound implications of GenAI on educational paradigms and provides critical insights into the systematic transformation of library IL services in the AI era. [Methods/Process] Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, 51 key literature sources selected from the SSCI, A\&HCI, and CSSCI databases were systematically analyzed. The comprehensive analytical framework encompassed four key dimensions: technology acceptance, educational framework construction, AI literacy cultivation, and the integration of artificial intelligence with IL education. This methodological approach enabled a thorough exploration of current practices while identifying critical gaps in existing research. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that GenAI significantly enhances IL education through personalized learning experiences and improved digital teaching effectiveness. Tools such as ChatGPT have significant potential to promote adaptive learning environments and improve student engagement. The research identifies four primary areas of impact: 1) creating dynamically adaptive learning environments tailored to individual needs, 2) enhancing critical thinking through interactive scenarios, 3) facilitating cross-disciplinary knowledge integration, and 4) generating innovative educational content and resources. However, the study also identifies several critical challenges, including concerns about data accuracy concerns, inherent algorithmic biases, risks to academic integrity, and the potential weakening of independent thinking skills due to over-reliance on AI systems. To address these challenges, the research proposes a comprehensive framework that includes: 1) robust ethical guidelines for the implementation of GenAI, 2) systematic assessment mechanisms to monitor learning outcomes, 3) critical thinking training programs, and 4) strategies to maintain academic integrity and intellectual autonomy. The study emphasizes that the integration of GenAI is more than a technological change - it represents a fundamental shift towards AI literacy education. This evolution will require learners to develop skills beyond traditional IL skills, including understanding AI ethics, legal frameworks, and using AI technologies to solve problems. Future research directions should focus on conducting empirical studies in different educational contexts, developing adaptive teaching frameworks that balance technological innovation with traditional educational values, and investigating the long-term impact of GenAI integration on learning outcomes. By systematically examining the opportunities, challenges, and development trajectories of generative AI, this study provides valuable insights for libraries and educational institutions seeking to optimize their IL programs in the AI era. The findings not only contribute to the theoretical understanding of the role of GenAI in education, but also provdie practical guidance for integrating advanced technologies into traditional educational frameworks, ultimately fostering a more adaptive, intelligent, and personalized learning ecosystem.

  • GUOShuyan, YANGYing, BIANYuan, GAOLong, ZHANGZhongyun, ZHULin
    Journal of Agriculture. 2025, 15(1): 57-67. https://doi.org/10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0001

    The article systematically reviewed the research status of Chinese Clematis plants in germplasm resource investigation, cultivation and reproduction, pharmacology and garden applications, analyzed the regional representative distribution of Clematis germplasm resources due to different climatic conditions, and discussed the relationship between Clematis breeding and eco-geographical response. It was concluded that temperature control, light, appropriate amount of plant growth regulator and good culture medium were effective means to improve the breeding technology of Clematis, and the medicinal chemical composition, efficacy and landscaping forms of different species Clematis from the aspect of resource value utilization were further analyzed. It was suggested that the resources of Clematis with little development potential should be protected, and cross-breeding and utilization of the germplasm with good performance in the existing Clematis resources should be done.

  • OUShuai, MAChengren, WANGJingyuan, TIANXiuxiu, GAOMeng, GUOXin
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2025, 41(2): 133-139. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0409

    In order to obtain a safe, reliable, time-saving and labor-saving pre-treatment technology for pesticide residue detection, this paper focused on the application of nanomaterials in the detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, discussing various pretreatment methods including solid phase extraction (SPE), matrix-dispersive solid phase extraction (MSPD), QuEChERS, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and molecularly imprinted polymer Extraction (MIPs). The research progress in the detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables was also analyzed. The review found that pre-treatment technology was still the key to determine whether the detection of pesticide residues was accurate and efficient. At the same time, the future pre-treatment technology of fruits and vegetables was prospected, aiming at providing theoretical reference for the inspection and detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables and food safety supervision.

  • Review
    Wen Yin, Qiang Chai, Zhilong Fan, Falong Hu, Lianhao Zhao, Hong Fan, Wei He, Cai Zhao, Aizhong Yu, Yali Sun, Feng Wang
    Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2025, 24(1): 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.013
    Intercropping has been widely used in arid and semi-arid regions because of its high yield, stable productivity, and efficient utilization of resources.  However, in recent years, the high yield of traditional intercropping is mainly attributed to the large amount of purchased resources such as water and fertilizer, plastic film, and mechanical power.  These lead to a decline in cultivated land quality and exacerbate intercrops’ premature root and canopy senescence.  So, the application of traditional intercropping faces major challenges in crop production.  This paper analyzes the manifestations, occurrence mechanisms, and agronomic regulatory pathways of crop senescence.  The physiological and ecological characteristics of intercropping to delay root and canopy senescence of crops are reviewed in this paper.  The main agronomic regulatory pathways of intercropping to delay root and canopy senescence of crops are based on above- and blow-ground interactions, including collocation of crop varieties, spatial arrangement, water and fertilizer management, and tillage and mulch practices.  Future research fields of intercropping to delay root and canopy senescence should focus on the aspects of selecting and breeding special varieties, application of molecular biology techniques, and developing or applying models to predict and evaluate the root and canopy senescence process of intercrops.  Comprehensive analysis and evaluation of different research results could provide a basis for enhancing intercropping delay root and canopy senescence through adopting innovative technologies for regulating the physio-ecological characteristics of intercrops.  This would support developing and adopting high-yield, efficient, and sustainable intercropping systems in arid and semi-arid areas with high population density, limited land, and abundant light and heat resources.
  • HUAYang, ZHOULiuliu, CHENYuanyuan, LIMingwan, LAIYong, DINGShen, YANGChaochen, ZHANGDangquan
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(36): 69-76. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0090

    The development of dye industry makes the treatment of dye waste liquid a challenge for environmental protection. Due to the high specific surface area and rich surface functional groups, biochar has excellent performance in adsorption of waste liquid dye substances, which makes it an efficient, economical and environmentally friendly adsorption material. This paper reviewed the adsorption mechanism and influencing factors of biochar in the dye adsorption process. It was pointed out that: (1) the adsorption mechanism of biochar on dye waste liquid including hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, coordination and ion exchange, jointly determined the interaction and adsorption efficiency of biochar and dye molecules. (2)The factors affecting the adsorption capacity of biochar included the raw materials, modification methods and preparation processes of biochar. (3)The properties of waste liquid, such as solution pH and ion concentration, also affected the adsorption capacity of biochar for dyes. Finally, the problems in the current biochar adsorption research, such as the single research object, the process and cost, and the impact on environment, had yet to be solved. This paper provides a reference for subsequent research to promote the practical application of biochar in the treatment of dye waste liquid.

  • Guowei GAO, Shanshan ZHANG, Jialan YU
    Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture. 2024, 36(7): 34-49. https://doi.org/10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.24-0438

    [Purpose/Significance] As China enters the threshold of an aging society, the health problem of the elderly group has become the focus of attention from all walks of life. The demand for health information among this group has increased dramatically, not only because of the physiological changes associated with aging, but also because they have high expectations of how health information can improve their quality of life. As a unique branch in the field of information behavior, the research on the health information behavior of the elderly presents specific complexity in its object, phenomenon and mechanism. The acquisition, processing and application of health information has a profound impact on the health behavior of older people, particularly the potential for inappropriate drug use and overuse of drugs, which is often closely linked to their health information behavior. Therefore, in-depth research in this area is urgent and important. [Methods/Process] Based on the topic differentiation perspective, this paper conducted a comprehensive and in-depth literature review on the occurrence mechanism, internal influencing factors (such as cognition, emotion, social support, etc.) and external environment (such as family, community, and medical system) of health information behavior of older people. This review aims to identify the status quo, hot spots and shortcomings of current research, and to provide a valuable reference frame of reference and inspirational direction for future research. [Results/Conclusions] The study found that there were significant differences between the concerns of the elderly and the young and middle-aged in health information behavior, mainly reflected in the preferences for types of health information and factors influencing health information behavior. There are also large differences between urban and rural areas, social backgrounds at different stages of development, different social characteristics (such as educational background, economic status), individual characteristics (such as age, gender, health status) and health information behaviors in different scenarios. In terms of study objects, future studies can design experiments with control groups to explore more precisely the specific differences in health information behaviors of older people at different stages of development and with different characteristics. In terms of research content, we should broaden our horizons and introduce a variety of theoretical models in combination with the trend of social development, so that the research field not only covers a wider area, but also improves the depth of research. In terms of research methods, future research should actively explore new perspectives, adopt innovative research methods, such as the survey experiment method, and try to combine modern technical means, such as big data analysis and artificial intelligence to obtain more comprehensive and accurate data resources, while exploring and developing new research methods and analysis tools to promote the continuous in-depth development of research in this field.

  • LIYuan, TANGYang, WUYunfei, JIANGMin, CHENJingdu
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(33): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0801

    The global warming rate and the frequency of extreme high temperature weather are continuously increasing, which could bring catastrophic impacts to rice production. To further clarify the response mechanism of rice to high temperature, this article summarized the research progress in the direction of rice heat damage from high temperature, focused on the impact of high temperature on rice production, and deeply analyzed the physiological (photosynthetic characteristics/antioxidant system) and gene molecular mechanisms of rice’s response to high temperature. We concluded that the heat tolerance characteristics of rice were formed by the interaction between varieties and the environment. Results showed that, the photosynthetic characteristics of rice were influenced by both stomatal and non-stomatal limiting factors, and the antioxidant process was achieved by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the content of malondialdehyde; rice improved plant heat adaptability by activating the expression of key genes and stimulating the transduction of heat signals within the plant; by optimizing “Before production-During production-After production” comprehensive management and monitoring system, we could explore innovative cultivation systems, and thoroughly investigate the high temperature defense mechanisms of rice. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the physiological and molecular mechanisms of rice in response to high temperature stress, providing a scientific reference for future heat-tolerant rice breeding work and improving rice sustainable production.

  • YANGYang, ZHAOGuantao, WANGLu, WANGQiong, ZHUZhenhua, ZHANGPei, HEYujiao, ZHAOChangzeng
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(33): 141-149. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0769

    Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely distributed Gram-positive bacterium that can produce a series of insecticidal proteins during its vegetative growth and sporulation phases. It is commonly used as a biocontrol agent in agriculture, forestry and public health practice. The Bt crops developed based on genetic engineering technology provide an efficient and environmentally friendly biological control method for agricultural pest management. However, the extensive and prolonged cultivation of Bt crops has led to the gradual development of Bt resistance in pests, which has greatly reduced the insecticidal effect of Bt proteins and the long-term benefits of Bt crops. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between the mechanism of action of Bt proteins and the occurrence of Bt resistance in insects, this paper summarized the structural and functional characteristics of various Bt toxins, and elaborated the molecular mechanism of Bt resistance in insects from three main aspects: immune system regulation, changes in toxin activation, and mutations in toxin receptor genes. In addition, two insect resistance management strategies, gene stacking and ‘high dose/shelter’ were also introduced. Finally, the future research directions of Bt crops were pointed out, including further in-depth analysis of the mode of action of Bt toxins and the mechanism of Bt resistance in insects, exploration of new Bt proteins, strengthening the popularization and publicity of Bt crops, and establishing resistance monitoring network as well as early warning system.

  • XIAOWenli, WANGHanrui, WANGMengliang, WANGJunhong
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(33): 78-85. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0775

    Saline-alkali stress is one of the abiotic stresses in the process of plant growth and development, which can cause water deficit, changes in cell membrane permeability, metabolic disorders and blockage of protein synthesis in plants, resulting in crop yield reduction or death. Finding effective methods to reduce the harm of saline-alkali stress and strategies to improve the saline tolerance of plants are of great significance to the comprehensive utilization of saline land. In this paper, the latest researches on the damage and adaptive mechanism of plants under saline-alkali stress in recent years were summarized, and the physiological and molecular mechanisms of plants responding to saline-alkali stress were summed up. Furthermore, the physiological mechanisms of plants under saline-alkali stress were analyzed, which were mainly regulated by accumulating osmotic substances, increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and ionic compartmentalization, etc., and the molecular mechanisms were mainly regulated by signal transduction, transcription factor regulation and the expression of plant salt-tolerance-related gene, etc. This study pointed out the trends and urgent problems in the development of plant adaptation to saline-alkali environments, with a view to providing a certain theoretical basis for the selection and cultivation of saline and alkali tolerant plants.

  • MAShitai, WANGFeng, CHENGQilu, NIJinyang, YUQiaogang, LICong, ZHANGYuanyuan, LIUHaitian, YANGYan, MAJunwei
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(33): 86-92. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0882

    China faces significant challenges of large population and limited arable land resources. In recent years, extreme weather events and ongoing soil degradation have significantly influenced China's agricultural production. With advances in agricultural science and technology, incorporating new materials into agricultural practices has been proven to be an effective strategy for adapting to these developments and environmental shifts. Seaweed extract, specifically seaweed oligosaccharides, are natural active substances derived from seaweed using modern technology. They are employed in agriculture as inducers for plant stress and disease resistance, biostimulants, and fertilizer enhancers. With continuous research progresses on the potential applications of seaweed oligosaccharides in agriculture, significant advancements have been achieved in their study and use. To further systematically understand and apply seaweed oligosaccharides, this paper discussed their sources, classification, and production methods. It summarized their impact on bolstering crop stress and disease resistance, fostering growth and development, and improving nutrient absorption, as well as their effectiveness and mechanisms across various crops. This provided innovative approaches and tools for the sustainable and efficient development of Chinese agriculture in the current context.

  • CHANGJunyi, ZHOUZhimei, DUShaolong
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(30): 135-140. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0339

    Theaflavins are the main components of black tea, which have great potential and promising applications in the fields of foods and medicines. Base on the synthesis mechanism of theaflavin, the advance of the main preparation methods of theaflavin was summerized, such as direct extraction and preparation in vitro which can be divided into chemical oxidation method, enzymatic oxidation method and biomimetic synthesis method. The primal problem of the above synthesis methods, such as the inability to achieve industrialization, were also addressed, possible future research fields were reviewed in this paper, with the aim of providing a reference for the research and development of preparation of theaflavins.

  • ZHAIYufeng, DINGLan, YUYemin, JIAQiaojun, LIANGZongsuo, WANGDekai
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(29): 21-30. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0141

    The genus Polygonatum Mill, commonly referred to as "Huang Jing," are plants renowned for their medicinal and edible properties. Their active constituents, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins, exhibit notable pharmacological effects. Recent studies have predominantly centered on the extraction of saponin components from the genus Polygonatum, which are attributed with anti-fatigue, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and immune-enhancing properties. While there has been some advancement in the structural analysis of the genus Polygonatum saponins, their biosynthetic pathways remain underexplored. The synthesis of saponins in the genus Polygonatum occurs via the mevalonic acid pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway, encompassing multiple enzymatic steps. This research indicates that the genus Polygonatum saponins exert diverse biological effects, including anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune regulatory activities, and hold significant potential in medicine, food, cosmetics, and other sectors. Nonetheless, current studies are limited by inadequate structural analysis, an incomplete understanding of biosynthetic pathways, and ambiguous mechanisms of pharmacological action. Future endeavors should prioritize the isolation, structural analysis, synthetic biology, and pharmacology of the genus Polygonatum saponins to advance their scientific investigation and product development, thereby laying a foundation for the creation of novel therapeutic agents.

  • ZHANG Zhixiong, WANG Yuju, ZHAO Yang
    Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture. 2024, 36(5): 14-22. https://doi.org/10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.24-0499
    [Purpose/Significance] This study systematically analyzes the basic models and development trends of international open peer review platforms, with the aim of exploring the insights these platforms provide for academic communication and research governance in China. The goal is to accelerate the establishment and development of an open peer review system in China, fostering a more open, collaborative, and efficient academic exchange environment that promotes the free flow of knowledge and the widespread dissemination of scientific ideas. [Method/Process] The article first reviews and analyzes several international open peer review platforms and communities that are led by the scientific community and operate independently of scientific journal publishing, such as Peer Community In (PCI), Sciety, PREreview, and Review Commons. On this basis, it outlines the basic operational models of international open peer review platforms and identifies a number of common features among the three basic models. Then, through an in-depth analysis of the development dynamics of these platforms and communities, the study summarizes their development trends from different perspectives, including research institutions, scientists, scientific community, and international academic communication models. Based on this analysis, and taking into account international experience and the specific characteristics of China's research environment, the article proposes recommendations for building an open peer review system in China. [Results/Conclusions] The study identifies three basic operational models of international open peer review platforms: platforms established for the purpose of open publishing, platforms developed primarily as preprint servers, and platforms built independently for open peer review. It also summarizes the key trends in the development of these platforms: strong support from major research institutions, active participation of leading scientists, the formation and impact of large-scale platforms, recognition of open peer-reviewed research by the scientific community, alignment with the international open access (OA) movement, and the reshaping of international academic communication models.International open peer review platforms and communities are emerging as important forces in driving research innovation and enhancing research quality. In light of China's current situation, the article offers six recommendations to accelerate the development of open peer review platforms and communities: (1) fully recognizing the significance of open peer review platforms for Chinese science; (2) updating scientific publishing concepts to create a supportive environment for the development of open peer review platforms; (3) implementing policies to support the construction of open peer review platforms and communities in China; (4) promoting exemplary cases and innovative practices in the development of open peer review platforms and communities; (5) building robust national open peer review infrastructure to support the development of open peer review communities; and (6) engaging in brand building to create internationalized open peer review platforms and communities. These efforts aim to secure a new position for China in global scholarly communication.
  • ZHOUQuanwei, LIULulu, YANGZhen, JIANGZhongrong, ZHANGJiabao, SHIXiangdong, LIDongliang
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(27): 144-151. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0033

    The flavor substances of cigar tobacco leaves play a decisive role in the stylistic characteristics of cigars. Fermentation is an important process to improve the quality of cigar tobacco, which can affect the type, content and composition ratio of flavor substances in cigar tobacco, thus determining the quality of cigar tobacco leaves and cigar tobacco quality. This paper reviews the mechanism of fermentation and flavor perception of cigar tobacco leaves and the progress of flavor analysis of cigar tobacco leaves under different fermentation conditions, summarizes their effects on cigar tobacco leaves, and looks forward to the future research on cigar flavors to provide theoretical support for related research.

  • ZHUJialin, ZHANGHuimin, WANGHuiying, GUJing’en, ZHANGJingyi, FENGXinhong, LIQuan
    Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 30(17): 93-95. https://doi.org/10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.17.022

    In recent year, the application of high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) technology in fruit and vegetable preservation has gradually attracted attention. In order to understand the current status of this technology’s application in the preservation of fruits and vegctables, the research progress of high-voltage electrostatic field technology in fruit and vegetable preservation in recent years was reviewed, including its preservation mechanism, application status, application effect and future development trend, and the advantages of HVEF technology in efficient preservation and environmental protection were summarized, in purpose to provide reference for the application of HVEF technology in the preservation of fruits and vegetables.

  • GUIYiyun, LIHaibi, WEIJinju, ZHUKai, ZHOUHui, LIUXihui
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(25): 18-23. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0770

    This paper reviewed the application and effects of biochar in sugarcane cultivation. The application types and methods of biochar on sugarcane were summarized, and the effects of biochar application on sugarcane growth, soil physical and chemical properties, and microbial community structure were discussed. The effects of biochar on soil carbon sequestration, carbon emission reduction, and sugarcane disease prevention and control were analyzed. In addition, the paper proposed that in-depth research on the long-term interaction effects and mechanisms of biochar and sugarcane soil, the activities of beneficial microorganisms, and the changes of key populations should be carried out in the future, and the discussion on the resource utilization of sugarcane leaves should be strengthened, so as to further promote the application of biochar in sugarcane cultivation.

  • GAOJingjie, JIALiguo, FANMingshou, LIUGuangjing, LIUKun
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(25): 6-10. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0690

    Potassium is one of the essential mineral nutrients for potato growth and development, and is crucial for potato growth and tuber formation. The low efficiency of potassium absorption and utilization is one of the important limiting factors in potato production in China, and screening the potato genotypes with high potassium efficiency is the best way to enhance the potassium utilization and deal with low potassium stress in potato. In this paper, the methods and indexes for screening of high potassium efficiency varieties of various crops in China and abroad were summarized from four aspects: the definition and assessment of potassium efficiency, the identification and evaluation of crop genotypes with high potassium efficiency, the physiological basis of high potassium absorption and the physiological basis of high potassium utilization. Combining with the characteristics of potato potassium requirement, the feasible methods and influencing factors for screening potato genotypes with high potassium efficiency were put forward, and the future research direction for improving potato potassium efficiency was prospected so as to provide a reference for the high yield and high potassium utilization of potato.

  • CHENYuxin, YANGFengshan, FUHaiyan, SONGXinyu, LIUChunguang
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(24): 143-150. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0210

    As a kind of plant functional food, edible plant enzymes have received wide attention in the fields of food and health products, and the related production processes have made progress in terms of raw materials, fermentation microorganisms and fermentation conditions. A review was conducted to analyze the current research status of edible plant enzymes. The main fermentation methods, main active ingredients, main functional roles, and the risks and challenges faced by edible plant enzymes were summarized. The fermentation of edible plant enzymes generally adopted natural fermentation and artificial inoculation fermentation. The use of artificial inoculation technology had the significant advantages of effectively reducing the time required for fermentation and improving the production efficiency. The main active ingredients of edible plant enzymes were polysaccharides, polyphenols, vitamins, etc., which had certain preventive and therapeutic effects in lowering blood lipids, antioxidant and cardiovascular diseases. In the production process of edible plant enzymes, artificial inoculation and fermentation required the selection of the right strain, control of fermentation conditions, and prevention of environmental pollution. The analysis results showed that the development prospect of edible plant enzymes was very promising. The aspects needed to be focused on in the futurewas proposed, and the mechanism of edible plant enzymes was made a prospective, aiming to provide a more valuable reference for the further research and development and promotion of edible plant enzymes.

  • GAOJingwen, GUOZiyan, WangFeng
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(24): 44-50. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0828

    In order to elucidate the response of crop nitrogen absorption and utilization to salt and alkali stress and the regulation mechanisms, based on domestically and internationally research progress, this article summed the effect of salt and alkali stress on crop growth from the aspects of seed germination, seedling growth, root growth, photosynthesis, osmotic regulation system, redox system, and ion balance; discussed the impact of salt and alkali stress on crop nitrogen absorption and utilization and the undying mechanisms from the aspects of soil nitrogen cycling, root nitrogen absorption, and nitrogen assimilation; summarized the regulatory methods on crop nitrogen uptake and utilization under salt alkali stress such as nitrogen efficient variety selection, soil conditioner application, organic matter application, growth regulator application, and endophytic mycorrhizal colonization, and discussed the undying mechanisms. This article pointed out that soil salinization was one of the key soil barrier factors limiting crop production. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer application was an effective way to alleviate salt stress, but improper nitrogen fertilizer application could lead to a decrease in nitrogen utilization efficiency. Further in-depth research on crop nitrogen response mechanisms and regulatory pathways under salt stress from the soil-crop system could be of great significance for crop nutrient management and stable and high crops yield under soil salinization.

  • WANGJianhui, GUOWeiqing, ZHENGFan, ZHANGYin, WANGXinhui, LIUDayu, TANGJiang
    Journal of Agriculture. 2024, 14(8): 49-55. https://doi.org/10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.casb2023-0164

    Citrus is the largest category of fruit in China, which is widely planted and has many cultivars for fresh fruit market. To extend shelf life, promote intensive processing, improve enterprise’s benefit, current research progresses related to fruit storage and processing have been reviewed. At first, new preservation technologies applied in Citrus fruits’ storage were summarized. Subsequently, innovation technologies for processing products and by-products utilization were discussed. Finally, functional components in Citrus with potential application in pharmaceutical industry were also reviewed. Therefore, depending on different cultivars in production areas, fruit sorting system after post-harvest are recommended for orange and lemon varieties. Meanwhile, the non-thermal processing technology and enzymatic digestion for de-peeling is utilized for tradition processing products, such as sweet orange and tangerine. Functional components in Citrus will be extracted and prepared to medicinal and edible food. In conclusion, new technology for storage and processing are used in Citrus to extendindustry chain, which significantly boost industry development in future.

  • CHEN Jia, Zhang Xin-ran, HE Zi-qi, XIONG Dong-wei, LONG Miao
    Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2024, 23(8): 0. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.038

    Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that is produced by various species of Fusarium and is ubiquitous in food and feed. At low concentrations, it can cause metabolic disorders in animals and humans and, at high concentrations, it can lead to pathological changes in the body. The impact of DON on human/animal health and animal productivity has thus attracted a great deal of attention around the world. DON causes severe damage to the intestine, including compromised intestinal barrier, mucosal damage, weakened immune function, and alterations in gut microbiota composition. These effects exacerbate intestinal infections and inflammation in livestock and poultry, posing adverse effects on overall health. Furthermore, research into biological methods for DON detoxification is a crucial avenue for future studies. This includes the utilization of adsorption, enzymatic degradation, and other biological approaches to mitigate DON's impact, offering new strategies for prevention and treatment of DON-induced diseases. Future research will focus on identifying highly efficient detoxifying microorganisms or enzymes to reduce DON levels in food and feed, thereby mitigating its risks to both animals and human health.

  • Edibl Fungi. 2024, 46(04): 6-9.
    中国作为食用菌生产大国,每年产菌渣约1亿多t,这些菌渣营养丰富且用途广泛,但菌渣规范化、资源化利用程度较低。如何科学、合理地将废弃菌渣变废为宝越来越被关注。综述食用菌废弃菌渣综合利用研究现状,为食用菌菌渣的综合利用提供一定理论依据。
  • WULi, WANGYongfen, YUHongwei, DINGMingbi, BAITingting, LIShu, ZHENGSijun
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(18): 115-124. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0587

    Banana fungal disease is one of the main diseases in banana production, which can seriously hinder the sustainable development of banana industry. The biological control based on biocontrol bacteria has great application prospects in the prevention and control of banana fungal diseases. However, the effective colonization of biocontrol bacteria to the host in the field and its stability of disease prevention ability have always been the problems to be solved. The mutation and improvement of biocontrol strains by physical mutagenesis technology can significantly improve the colonization ability of biocontrol bacteria to hosts and the control effect of diseases. In order to elucidate the impact of physical mutagenesis technology on improving the field control efficiency of biocontrol bacteria, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various types and mechanisms of physical mutagenesis technology, as well as its application in antagonizing bacteria. Additionally, it summarizes the utilization of physical mutagenesis in improving the resistance of beneficial microorganisms to banana fungus pathogens, along with the screening and identification methods for mutant strains. Furthermore, an analysis is conducted on the advantages and disadvantages associated on each mutagenesis technology. It is pointed out that the physical mutagenesis technology has some problems of difficulty to master the direction of induced mutation, low efficiency and instability. In order to address these limitations, novel physical mutagenesis techniques such as ion beam, intense pulsed light and space mutagenesis are proposed. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive reference for the application of physical mutagenesis technology in enhancing the efficacy of biocontrol bacteria for plant disease management. The application prospect of physical mutagenesis technology in enhancing antagonistic bacteria on banana fungal pathogens is also discussed.

  • LIUChaoyi, WANGYuhang
    Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2024, 40(18): 83-89. https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0534

    Auxin is an important regulatory factor in the process of plant growth and development, and plants achieve their own growth and development through the regulation of auxin. As a member of the early auxin response gene family, the SAUR gene family is one of the indispensable regulatory factors in the auxin signal transduction pathway. In order to study the role of SAUR genes in biological processes such as plant growth and development and stress response, the bioinformatics characteristics, expression patterns, and regulatory mechanisms of the SAUR gene family were analyzed. The functions of SAUR genes in plant cell elongation growth, light-mediated cotyledon and apical hook opening, flower organ formation, fruit development, and stress response were summarized. It was pointed out that SAUR genes not only affected plant growth and development in multiple aspects, but also participated in the response of plants to abiotic stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for future research on the molecular mechanisms of SAUR genes and the cultivation of plant varieties.

  • J Intell Agric Mech Chin Eng. 2023, 4(02): 63-70.
    大蒜种植时需满足鳞芽向上、直立种植的农艺要求,因此蒜种的定向是实现大蒜机械化种植的关键,基于机器视觉的蒜种定向技术是解决一般大蒜品种的蒜种定向问题的有效方法,相关研究集中在图像识别蒜种芽尖的算法和识别后的控制调向技术上。目前对蒜种鳞芽进行图像识别的算法有多种,识别正确率最高可达99%,主要以采集静态的蒜种图像作为研究对象,考虑实际工作环境中运动的蒜种、光照、灰尘等对采集蒜种图像带来的影响,对采集到不同方位蒜种图像的识别结果分析,蒜种间形状特征差异对识别结果的影响研究以及多角度采集蒜种图像来综合识别蒜种芽尖位置的研究较少。目前对图像识别后的控制调向技术的研究,调向机构的运动均为间歇运动,且在图像识别后执行,蒜种定向作业效率偏低,难以适应大蒜播种机的作业速度。目前为止还没有基于机器视觉的蒜种智能定向技术大蒜播种机产品出现,现有技术的实用化差距主要表现在单粒取种、图像识别、调向机构及控制这些关键技术的融合度不够,因此随着3个技术有机结合的创新研究,使鳞芽识别和调向并行,并在蒜种连续运动的状态下完成定向,在简化鳞芽识别算法以及调向机构的运动的同时,提高蒜种定向效率。本文可为该项技术的实际应用研究提供参考,以推动大蒜生产机械化、智能化发展进程。
  • J Agric Big Data. 2019, 1(01): 16-23. https://doi.org/10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.190102
    农业大数据已成为现代农业新型资源要素,也是重要的农业科技创新方向,不仅促进现代农业的生产、经营、管理和服务,而且还耦合催化三产融合。欧美发达国家特别注重农业大数据在现代农业中的作用,我国农业大数据的研究与应用也发展较快,农业数据具有涉及领域广、跨越周期长、采集难度大、处理较为繁杂的特点,因此系统梳理农业大数据应用进展,进一步明确未来发展方向,对我国农业大数据的研究和应用具有重要意义。本文通过文献调研并结合相关科研实践,对比分析了不同学者对农业大数据的定义,阐述了农业大数据的概念和内涵,系统综述了近年来农业大数据在管理与政策、工程与应用、技术与架构等方面的应用进展。最后,根据我国农业大数据发展的现状,指出平台与数据、需求与应用、交易与共享等农业大数据未来发展需要特别关注的三个方面,为进一步促进我国农业大数据领域发展提供建议。
  • J Agric Big Data. 2021, 3(03): 62-75. https://doi.org/10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.200307
    植物表型是指基因和环境因素决定或影响的作物物理、生理、生化特征和性状。准确和快速的获取植物在各种不同环境条件下的表型信息,从而挖掘其基因组的遗传和表现规律,可有效推动有关基因组与表型信息关联性研究。无人机高通量植物表型平台凭借无人机机动灵活的特点,适合于农作物田间环境中的植物表型数据获取,具有数据获取效率高和成本低等优势,借助于图像、高光谱、激光雷达等先进传感器技术,为高效获取各类植物表型数据提供了可行的途径;与此同时,快速发展的大数据技术和智能数据分析技术为无人机所获取的植物表型图像提供有效的分析处理方法和技术。在此背景下,基于无人机平台的高通量植物表型分析,为研究田间作物表型信息提供了重要的方法和工具。本文综述了国内外无人机高通量作物表型大数据分析的最新研究成果,就其研究原理、相关算法、过程、关键技术及应用等进行总结与分析,重点讨论了应用于无人机高通量植物表型大数据分析相关的大数据处理与智能分析技术,重点分析了植物株高获取、叶面积指数、植物病害等典型的表型分析需求,并就其应用前景进行了总结和展望。
  • J Agric Big Data. 2020, 2(03): 3-12+2. https://doi.org/10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.200301
    农业供应链是我国现代农业市场体系建设中不可或缺的组成部分。建立现代化的农业供应链体系,对推进农村一二三产业融合发展、提高流通现代化水平、提升农业竞争力和国际话语权等具有重要意义。自加入WTO以来,我国农业高度开放,受到全球农业供应链的影响越来越大。加强农业供应链管理已成为学术界研究的热点,也是新冠肺炎疫情全球蔓延新形势下政府关切和管理调控的难点、农业生产经营者关注的焦点。我国在农业供应链管理研究方面起步晚,但近10年来发展较快。本文通过文献研究并结合相关科研实践,分析比较了不同方面对农业供应链的定义,阐述了农业供应链管理的概念和内涵,重点综述了农业供应链管理在理论研究、流通模式、风险管理和技术创新等方面的研究应用进展。最后,结合国内外新形势及我国实际,指出了突发事件下的农业供应链应急管理、经济全球化背景下农业供应链治理能力、绿色农业供应链体系构建及管理、智慧农业供应链的创新等有待继续深入研究的方向与热点问题,为促进我国农业供应链管理领域发展提供建议。
  • Agric Outlook. 2023, 19(06): 71-76.
    中国森林康养业在生态文明建设和“健康中国”等政策推动下不断发展。在系统梳理国内森林康养相关研究发展脉络与研究趋势的基础上,借助VOSviewer可视化分析软件,以2017—2021年的771篇文献为研究对象,进行作者共现、研究热词等分析。结果表明:国内关于森林康养的研究大多于2017年开始,并在至2021年的5年内逐年上升,呈现出快速增长趋势,且相关政策的推动以及行业标准的完善激发了学者对行业研究的热情;国内森林康养研究领域的高产研究者数量较少、分布较为分散,学者之间合作研究较少,且合作多为校内合作,跨校跨区合作较少;森林康养相关领域的研究主要以公众健康需求、国家政策、提升社会价值、顺应相关产业发展趋势等方面为主要导向。目前中国森林康养研究已进入高速发展阶段,研究热点广泛。基于此,未来相关领域内的研究深度和广度预计会进一步拓展,研究团体合作关系将更加紧密,研究对象也将进一步拓展。
  • Agric Outlook. 2023, 19(09): 53-59.
    农业战略性新兴产业领域研究起步于国家出台战略性新兴产业的政策意见与发展规划后,其概念、特征等基本内涵由战略性新兴产业向农业领域延伸与拓展而来。首先,在科学梳理战略性新兴产业的基本内涵、产业选择、运行机理、发展路径等研究成果的基础上,对农业战略性新兴产业涉及基本内涵等上述4个方面的研究成果进行了系统阐述;其次,客观分析了农业战略性新兴产业与战略性新兴产业在基本内涵等上述4个方面的研究异同,研究认为两者在本质上是一脉相承的,具有较强的关联性与共性;最后,对两者的研究成果从4个方面进行了系统评价与科学总结,并从培育农业战略性新兴产业是大势所趋、农业战略性新兴产业的理论与实证研究将齐头并进、农业战略性新兴产业研究逐步向广度和深度方面延伸与拓展等3个方面提出了农业战略性新兴产业发展与学术研究的趋势。
  • Agric Outlook. 2024, 20(02): 70-75.
    卷积神经网络是一种特殊的人工神经网络,通过卷积核遍历图获取更多的目标特征信息。近年来,遥感技术发展迅速并被广泛应用于土地利用分析、作物分类识别、作物生长监测和病虫害检测,卷积神经网络为提取农业遥感图像的有效信息提供了新方法。卷积神经语义分割网络可根据语义信息对遥感图像像素点进行标注分割,在计算机计算能力逐步提高的前提下,分割网络结构优化,深度加深,分割准确率提高,性能提升。针对实际需要网络侧重于模块化设计改进,在土地利用分析和农作物分类识别应用中,改进的网络分割边缘细化、清晰,且像素准确率较高。在作物生长监测和病虫害识别方面,模块化改进使网络可高效实现分割任务、满足实际需要,卷积神经网络对农业遥感图像信息的语义分割为农业现代化和精细化管理提供了信息支撑。
  • Agric Outlook. 2023, 19(08): 35-40.
    生态补偿是激励环境服务提供者提供环境服务的有效经济手段,近20年来获得了快速发展,当前对生态补偿研究进展进行综述十分必要。在解构生态补偿核心问题的基础上,构建了生态补偿分析框架,基于生态补偿组成和生态补偿效率两个层面,从补偿主体、补偿客体、补偿标准、补偿瞄准、补偿的条件性5个方面综述了生态补偿研究进展。最后开展了趋势与展望分析,认为有两大研究趋势,一是以社会资本投入为主的市场补偿是未来生态补偿的研究热点,二是生态补偿涉及的领域将会逐步拓展,展望生态补偿未来发展,效率研究将是进一步研究的方向,包括补偿标准、补偿瞄准、补偿条件性的研究,这既是推进生态补偿理论创新的需要,也是面向实践生态补偿效率亟须提高的需要。
  • Agric Outlook. 2023, 19(10): 44-52.
    中央和新疆地方政府的引导和推动以及市场的内生动力使新疆农业保险市场的规模以及保险深度和保险密度增长迅速,最近若干年连续处于全国前列,对于服务新疆“三农”起到了重要作用,但新疆农业保险在发展过程中在较长时期内存在不少难点问题。在对近年关于新疆农业保险问题相关文献进行系统梳理的基础上,归纳总结该领域遇到的困难,包括新疆农业保险需求影响因素复杂多样,地区差异明显、农业保险创新产品市场拓展阻力较大、兵地农业保险差异使农业保险的推进存在特有难题,该行业的运行效率未达最佳水平以及该行业发展与相关宏观经济变量协同效应有待提高。基于此,在政府层面,新疆农业保险保持稳定快速发展需要在政府补贴上进一步精准化,推动政企学研的融合发展,推动“保险+金融”服务体系的改革创新和农村技术培训内容和形式的创新;在保险公司层面,需要从宣传、产品创新推广和进一步优化理赔程序3个方面持续发力。最后,对新疆农业保险未来的发展和研究方向做了思考。
  • Agric Outlook. 2023, 19(08): 100-105.
    近年来,推荐系统的应用取得了飞速进步。大数据、人工智能技术的出现为农业信息化的加速发展提供了广阔的空间和前景。为提升农业领域内推荐技术的应用,满足农业用户的信息获取需求,对传统协同过滤推荐算法进行了一定的改进,重点体现在融合了K-means算法以及BIRCH算法进行聚类分析,通过搭建HowNet极性词典解决传统协同过滤方法过度依赖用户具体评分的问题,并提出了一种个性化推荐模型,利用相关数据源,进行模型验证。实验结果表明,该模型运行稳定,可以达到精准推荐农业技术信息的目的。
  • WANG Yuansheng and WU Huarui and ZHAO Chunjiang
    Trans CSAE. 2024, 40(07): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202310112
    农业知识驱动服务技术是指运用先进信息技术,科学、高效调配农业领域专业知识服务资源,为农业行业提供智能化知识服务的技术,在解决农业技术服务供需严重失衡等难点问题方面具有重要意义,日益成为支撑农业转型升级和高质量发展的重要引擎,代表着核心研究方向,伴随着技术发展全过程。目前农业行业迫切需要解决的是知识供给严重不足、服务效率不高的问题。农业知识驱动服务技术经历较长时间发展,在知识高效匹配和精准供给方面取得了较大进步,特别是2022年11月以来ChatGPT这类技术的出现,充分展现了超大规模预训练模型在知识智能服务方面的巨大潜力,这也是农业知识驱动服务可以取得突破的关键所在,可以在这方面发挥重要作用。该文在分析农业知识驱动服务相关技术现状的基础上,展望了农业领域可行的知识驱动服务技术路径,预测农业领域知识服务大模型研发构建会呈现参数由少到多、算力由弱趋强、强化训练逐渐加深的特点得到快速发展应用,未来将在专业技术指导、农业“装备-信息-农艺”融合、农业信息系统平台服务总线等方面系统升级现有农业知识服务范式,多模态服务将得到系统融合加深,人机交互模式将向“人性化”方向进一步黏合增强,从而为农业智能化转型升级提供全新的技术支撑,引领农业知识服务从数据检索、语义匹配迈向生成式知识驱动模式转变。
  • WANG Dewei and YOU Yong and ZHANG Xuening and WANG Xufeng and WANG Decheng
    Trans CSAE. 2024, 40(07): 17-33. https://doi.org/10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202307260
    中国有90%以上的草地处于退化或正在退化状态,严重影响畜牧业和生态环境的可持续发展,退化草地改良十分关键。目前,草地改良技术相关科学研究、草地改良生产实践、草地改良机械研发等与实际存在一定的脱节现象,限制了中国草地改良的整体推进。针对以上问题,该研究对24种目前常见的草地改良技术进行总结,归纳了改良技术特点及适用条件。对草地改良技术进行系统分析,建立草地改良技术分类框架,形成草地综合改良工艺流程。在所建立的4类草地改良原理框架下,分析了相应改良技术作业工艺及相关作业机械的特点,并指出相关作业机械和设备的研发方向。基于目前草地退化还未彻底遏制的现状,未来草地保护和退化草地的机械化改良应重点开展以下工作:1)加强草地保护,增加草地退化预防环节,坚持走用草养地相结合的道路。2)草地改良工艺方面,在现有免耕直播改良工艺基础上重组和优化改良工艺,研发和推广复式改良机械。3)在草地机械化改良技术方面,应强化基础研究,弥补现有改良机械的技术短板,充分发挥特色技术优势。4)在草地保护和改良政策方面,应加强政策支持和对基层的技术指导,提高基层对草地保护和草地改良的积极性。该研究可为退化草地改良工艺方案制定、相关作业机械选择、相关政策制定等提供参考,为草地改良机械设备的研发提供借鉴。
  • WAN Huan and OU Yuanzhen and GUAN Xianlu and JIANG Rui and ZHOU Zhiyan and LUO Xiwen
    推进农业装备智能化能够有效解决农业劳动力短缺的问题。环境感知是农业装备智能化的首要条件。然而,农业环境的动态变化和非结构化特性限制了无人农机的环境感知能力。该文对无人农机的作业环境信息感知技术进行全面梳理,首先介绍了无人农机作业环境的典型要素和各类感知传感器,并分析了不同传感器的优缺点,然后分别从障碍物感知、作物行感知和农田边界及高程信息感知等方面,对无人农机作业环境信息感知技术进行归纳总结,最后讨论了无人农机作业环境信息感知技术面临的挑战及发展趋势,旨在推动环境感知技术在农业领域的应用,促进农业机械的智能化转型。
  • WANG Zihao and LIANG Hongyi and ZHANG Donghan and LI Longcheng and WEI Lulu and WAN Yanan and CHEN Qing
    长期集约化耕作导致中国设施土壤重金属累积和面源污染风险增加的状况已引起广泛关注。该研究总结了中国设施土壤重金属累积状况及其来源,发现长期盲目投入肥料及农药是引发设施菜田土壤重金属累积问题的主要原因。目前,设施土壤重金属累积呈现出广泛性和中轻度污染特征,其中镉是主要的污染元素。遵循面源污染治理中“源头预控-过程阻断-末端修复”原则,基于国内外文献综述,该文总结归纳出适用于设施土壤重金属累积特征与污染的联合阻控技术及作用机制。首先在灌溉和肥药投入等源头环节减少重金属输入;其次在作物种植过程中,通过选用重金属低积累特性的蔬菜种类或品种,结合水肥一体化施用大分子有机水溶性肥料或叶面喷施具有阻控重金属作用的营养型阻控剂,抑制作物吸收重金属;最后在末端修复环节,利用具有多元功能的土壤改良剂或微生物菌剂进行土壤钝化修复,或采用具有超重金属富集能力且能提高设施土壤生物多样性的植物作为填闲作物,实现生物修复的目标。该联合阻控技术的原则在于协同考虑污染防治、土壤改良、减肥增效等农学和环境目标,集成土壤修复与改良、水肥一体化、填闲作物栽培等技术,并兼顾设施土壤重金属污染修复工程所面临的投入品成本较高、经济效益不明显、缺失可持续改良导致效果不稳定等问题,优推能够钝化重金属并改良土壤的多功能土壤改良剂以及具有阻控重金属吸收、提高作物抗逆性的多功能有机水溶性肥料。上述措施能解决设施土壤普遍存在的重金属累积问题,提升土壤的安全生产能力,可为设施农业可持续发展提供更有效的技术支撑。
  • WANG Fa´an and WANG Boyang and ZHANG Zhaoguo and XIE Kaiting and LI Annan and NI Chang and FANG Hanyu
    Trans CSAE. 2024, 40(10): 32-43. https://doi.org/10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202311056
    针对现有单边制动履带车辆跟踪控制算法同周期内并行控制难、跟踪精度低、转向控制次数较多等问题,该研究以电控化改装后江苏筑水农机 3B55 型履带运输车为试验平台,开展单边制动履带车辆路径跟踪控制算法研究。通过单边制动履带车辆运动学分析,构建车辆预瞄跟踪模型,提出一种预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法,将横向偏差与航向偏差作为多输入输出模糊控制器输入参数,实现车辆同一控制周期内转向与直线行驶的并行控制。为了优化车辆路径跟踪精度与转向控制次数,提出改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)的自适应前视距求解算法,考虑车辆的横向偏差和转向路径角度约束,解析较优前视距离,通过仿真和田间试验对算法进行跟踪精度与转向控制次数综合评价。仿真结果表明:基于自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法跟踪多角度规划路径时,车辆转向控制次数为89次,误差面积为1.74 m2。田间作业路况下,由于试验路面起伏不平,并且随速度增加车辆跟踪精度下降,但跟踪精度及转向控制次数随前视距离的变化规律与仿真结果一致,当车辆分别以0.14、0.47和0.83 m/s跟踪路径时,自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法相对于固定前视距离预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法车辆转向控制次数分别减少13.59%、9.87%和11.25%,误差面积分别减少19.93%、48.48%和54.59%,验证了算法的有效性。研究结果可为单边制动履带车辆的农机自动导航技术提供创新思路与技术支撑。

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