In order to study seed biological characteristics of Bupleurum chinense DC. and discuss the variation rules the seeds, the size, one-thousand-seed weight, viability, germination rate of twelve Bupleurum chinense DC. cultivars seeds were determined. The significant difference analysis and correlation analysis on one-thousand-seed weight, viability and germination rate were conducted. The results showed that correlation between the three indexes of different cultivars reached the significant level and the correlation coefficient between viability and germination rate was the highest, 0.86, which was extremely significant. Difference of germination rate between the cultivars was obvious and germination process was distinct. The starting germination dates of the cultivars with high germination rate such as 5-Zc, were earlier, they also possessed longer continuous germination time and the germination peak. The starting germination dates of the cultivars with low germination rate such as 11-Zq, were later; their continuous germination time was shorter and had stable germination numbers and no germination peak. The cultivars with high germination were of great significance to cultivars selection and production practice.