
Effects of the Maturity of the Upper Tobacco Leaves in One-time Harvest on Physical Characteristics
ZHANG Wenjun, GUO Song, YANG Liu, XIONG Chengliang, ZHANG Qingfu, YAO Weiyuan, HE Jiguang, ZHENG Hongbin, ZHANG Cheng, WANG Wei, JIANG Zhimin, PAN Feilong, ZHU Lin, LI Qilin, DENG Xiaohua
Effects of the Maturity of the Upper Tobacco Leaves in One-time Harvest on Physical Characteristics
To clarify the suitable harvest maturity of upper tobacco leaves in Ningxiang, ‘Yunyan 87’ was used to design three treatments of low maturity (M1), medium maturity (M2) and high maturity (M3), the effects of different harvest maturity on the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves were studied, the fuzzy evaluation method was used to comprehensively evaluate the test results, and the effects of harvest maturity, leaf position and their interaction on physical characteristics of tobacco leaves were studied by η2 value analysis. The results showed that with the delay of the harvest time of upper leaves, the stem ratio of upper leaves decreased, while the leaf thickness increased. Compared with those of M1 and M3, the single leaf weight of M2 was 7.64% and 12.79% higher, the leaf thickness was 11.70% and -14.37% higher, the stem ratio was -4.54 and 1.33 percentage points higher, the equilibrium moisture content was 0.14 and 2.86 percentage points higher, the leaf specific weight was 14.59% and 39.81% higher, and the physical characteristic index was 7.31% and 7.01% higher, respectively. The effect of harvest time on the physical characteristics of upper tobacco leaves was 35.04%, and the effect of leaf position was 29.98%. The interaction effect of harvest time and leaf position was 34.98%. The effect of harvest maturity on physical characteristics was leaf specific weight> leaf thickness> stem ratio> equilibrium moisture content> single leaf weight. The leaf appearance characteristics on the 13th leaf position for suitable harvest maturity were as follows, the leaf surface turned yellow by 70%-80%, most of the midrib fell off, the leaf surface was shiny, wrinkled, and little sticky feeling. The main vein turned white by 4/5, and the branch vein turned white by 1/2. The leaf margin was curled and wrinkled, the leaf tip showed a downward hook, and the mature spots appeared on leaves.
upper tobacco leaves / harvest maturity / physical characteristics / fuzzy evaluation / effect analysis {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 不同采收成熟度的鲜烟叶外观成熟特征(第13叶位) |
处理 | 成熟特征 |
---|---|
M1 | 叶面变黄50%~60%,茸毛无脱落,叶面有光泽,褶皱,有少许粘手感,主脉变白2/5, 支脉变白1/3,叶缘微曲,叶尖下勾,叶尖出现少量成熟斑 |
M2 | 叶面变黄70%~80%,茸毛大部分脱落,叶面有光泽,褶皱,有少许粘手感,主脉变白4/5, 支脉变白1/2,叶缘卷曲起皱,叶尖下勾,叶面有成熟斑 |
M3 | 叶面变黄90%~100%,茸毛大部分脱落,叶面有光泽,褶皱,有粘手感,叶脉变白,叶缘卷曲起皱,叶缘和叶尖出现焦枯 |
表2 采收成熟度和叶位对上部烟叶物理特性的影响效应 |
物理特性 | 变异来源 | 平方和 | 均方 | F值 | P值 | η2 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
单叶重 | 采收成熟度 | 24.75 | 12.37 | 1.20 | 0.31 | 0.06 | |||||||
叶位 | 67.85 | 13.57 | 1.31 | 0.28 | 0.15 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | 83.32 | 8.33 | 0.80 | 0.63 | 0.18 | ||||||||
含梗率 | 采收成熟度 | 304.04 | 152.02 | 16.92 | 0.00 | 0.48 | |||||||
叶位 | 113.76 | 22.75 | 2.53 | 0.05 | 0.26 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | 209.41 | 20.94 | 2.33 | 0.03 | 0.39 | ||||||||
叶片厚度 | 采收成熟度 | 51844.70 | 25922.35 | 24.89 | 0.00 | 0.58 | |||||||
叶位 | 40948.76 | 8189.75 | 7.86 | 0.00 | 0.52 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | 28915.30 | 2891.53 | 2.78 | 0.01 | 0.44 | ||||||||
平衡含水率 | 采收成熟度 | 131.81 | 65.91 | 12.31 | 0.00 | 0.41 | |||||||
叶位 | 76.09 | 15.22 | 2.84 | 0.03 | 0.28 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | 32.63 | 3.26 | 0.61 | 0.80 | 0.14 | ||||||||
叶质重 | 采收成熟度 | 9530.80 | 4765.40 | 318.57 | 0.00 | 0.95 | |||||||
叶位 | 2192.52 | 438.50 | 29.31 | 0.00 | 0.80 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | 2863.64 | 286.36 | 19.14 | 0.00 | 0.84 | ||||||||
η2的均值 | 采收成熟度 | - | - | - | - | 38.27 | |||||||
叶位 | - | - | - | - | 31.02 | ||||||||
采收成熟度×叶位 | - | - | - | - | 30.71 |
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