Intellectual property protection plays a crucial role in promoting the development and upgrading of China’s modern seed industry. This paper analyzed the domestic cucumber patent information, and reached conclusion that cucumber breeding was a major area which researchers were concerned. Especially biotechnology breeding had become a hot topic. With the increasing emphasis on cucumber intellectual property protection, competition between the research institutions was increasingly fierce. Now, disorder seed market, both domestic and international more competitive, unformed healthy functioning mechanisms of intellectual property protection existed still. In view of this, we should focus on property management and rights protection, gived priority to prevention, and took effective control measures and technical means to protect cucumber intellectual property.