Reasonable fertilization can effectively promote the growth of tea trees and improve tea quality and yield. The types of biological fertilizers, and their advantages and limitations in application were introduced, combining with the actual growth of tea trees, the application of biological fertilizers in their growth were summarized and analyzed. There are multiple classification standards for biological fertilizers, which can be classified into bacterial dominant, actinomycete dominant, and fungal dominant types based on the types of microorganisms they contain; according to the functional characteristics of biological fertilizers, they can be divided into direct and indirect feeding type, disease and pest resistance auxiliary type, and ecological and soil improvement type; different types demonstrate their uniqueness and applicability. This fertilizer has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, soil improvement, growth promotion, resistance to pests and diseases, and broad development prospects; at the same time, but its need to improve fertilizer efficiency stability and strict requirements for soil conditions. The application of biological fertilizers such as nitrogen fixing bacteria fertilizers, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria fertilizers, and potassium solubilizing bacteria fertilizers can increase the chlorophyll content in tea leaves and enhance their photosynthetic capacity; at the same time, it can improve the nitrogen nutrition, available potassium, and available phosphorus content in the soil, thereby promoting its growth and development. This article provides a reference for promoting the application of biological fertilizers in the cultivation of crops such as tea treesand advancing green, and sustainable agricultural development.