The role of nutrition and health has become one of the main targets of research and breeding for major crops in the world. The research progress on micronutrients involving iron and zinc, resistant starch, dietary fibre as arabinoxylans, and a range of phytochemicals involving phenolic acids and sterols related to wheat quality, as well as wheat sensitivity and fusarium head blight related deoxynivalenol that have an impact on human health was reviewed from breeding point of view. Laboratory evaluation methods, germplasm screening, and QTL mapping on nutrition quality parameters as well as breeding, were summarized. China’s major strategies on wheat breeding program for nutrition and health improvement were proposed, with the following four areas being advanced: (1) analysis of the contents of micronutrients involving iron, zinc, as well as the bioavailability related factors phytate content and phytase activity, dietary fibres such as arabinoxylans and resistant starch, and phytochemicals involving phenolic acid and sterols should be strengthened, to screen materials with high quality of micronutrients, dietary fibre, and phytochemicals; (2) more efforts should be made in study on fusarium head blight and the results of study should be used in wheat breeding as early as possible; (3) development and utilization of molecular markers, especially functional markers in conventional breeding programs for speeding up wheat breeding, on the basis of gene mapping and cloning; (4) establishment of initiative project through strengthening international cooperation and domestic collaboration in research on addressing wheat quality, to find and extend the utilization of high quality methods on nutrients analyzation. The review addressed some crucial information on wheat related research and breeding programs for nutrition and health quality improvement.

[Purpose/Significance] Mobile short video apps like Tiktok have become one of the most frequently used tools to obtain/exchange health information in post-epidemic era. This study analyzed the complex relationships between the antecedents and users' health information adoption in mobile short video apps in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions, in order to optimize users' experience with health information adoption systematically, which in turn generates users' sustainability. [Method/Process] Based on both the information adoption model (IAM) and the heuristic-systematic model (HSM), this study constructed a health information adoption model of mobile short videos, in which five predictor variables (content quality, expression quality, information source credibility, app's reputation, perceived information usefulness) and an outcome variable (health information adoption) were included. The construct validity, reliability and symmetrical relationships between the five predictor variables and an outcome condition were examined using structural equation model (SEM) method. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to examine and reveal the configuration models. [Results/Conclusions] The results from PLS-SEM method and fsQCA validated the IAM and HSM in the context of mobile short video apps. Specifically, the results from PLS-SEM show that systematic and heuristic clues jointly affect users' adoption of health information. Content quality, app's reputation and information resource credibility significantly impact perceived information usefulness, and further affect the health information adoption. Expression quality has a significant effect on content quality, but no obvious effects on perceived information usefulness and health information adoption. The results of fsQCA reveal three configurations to affect users' health information adoption (i.e., content quality * expression quality * perceived information usefulness * information resource credibility), and another three configurations to affect users' non-adoption i.e., ~content quality * ~perceived information usefulness * ~information resource credibility), in which the latter configurations are asymmetric with the former. The configurations where systematic clues are predominant (S1a and S1b) are more sufficient for promoting users' health information adoption. N1(~ content quality * ~ perceived information usefulness * ~ information resource credibility). This shows the most sufficient configuration path in non-adoption. This study is aimed at exploring users' adoption and non-adoption decision-making process in a growing context of mobile short video apps like Tiktok, in order to contribute to helpful advice for the better management of these apps, which will eventually optimize users' experience with health information behavior. Users always engaged in many kinds of information activities such as information sharing, retweeting, adoption, and some relationships between these activities may exists. Due to the limited length, we did not consider users' other information behavior i.e., retweeting) and the relationship between them in this context, which could possibly be further research directions.

【Objective】This study was conducted to define health traits and to estimate their genetic parameters by using on-farm management data in dairy cattle.【Method】In this study, the health event records were collected by extracting from farm management software from 46 large-scale dairy farms in Northern China. Totally, 1 326 kinds of health events were grouped into five categories by standardizing the acronyms of on-farm records, 18 kinds of most frequent health events were selected from five categories. According to whether a health event occurred at least once within a lactation, 18 binary individual health traits corresponding to the 18 selected health events were defined (observations being 0 or 1). Furthermore, in order to define cow’s general resistance to certain type of health problem, five binary general health traits were defined according to whether health problems within a health category occurs at least once in a lactation (observations being 0 or 1). The single trait and two traits linear animal models were used to estimate the genetic parameters for 23 newly defined health traits. 【Result】The estimated heritabilities for 23 health traits ranged from 0 (rumen acidosis) to 0.03 (milk fever). Udder health, reproductive disorders and metabolic disorders had the highest heritability (approximately 0.02) among five general health traits, whereas digestive disorders and hoof health had relatively low heritability (less than 0.01). Clustering health events into categories resulted in higher heritability for reproductive disorders and digestive disorders, while heritabilities of udder health, metabolic disorders and hoof health were lower than that of single health traits with the highest heritability in their respective category. The low genetic correlations between different health category traits were found; however, the moderate genetic correlations among some health traits from same category were observed. The health traits within the hoof health had the high genetic correlations with each other, ranged from 0.63 (Laminitis and Footrot) to 0.99 (Laminitis and Sole ulcer). For reproductive disorders, retained placenta had medium genetic correlations with metritis (0.47) and endometritis (0.46), respectively. For digestive disorders, relatively high genetic correlations were found between diarrhea and enteritis (0.94) as well as dyspepsia and antony of forestomachs (0.80). The ketosis and abomasum displacement had a genetic correlation of 0.42.【Conclusion】Based on the current data quality of health records in Chinese dairy farm and the results from the current study, it was suggested that five individual health traits (clinical mastitis, metritis, ketosis, abomasum displacement and milk fever) and two general health traits (digestive disorders and hoof health) could be considered as target traits, and they should be intensively considered in research and breeding practice for improving health traits genetically in Chinese Holstein population. This study proved the feasibility of defining health traits using on-farm management data in Chinese dairy cattle. The results from the current study provided a reference for research and genetic selection of disease resistance in dairy cattle, and could help to promote balanced breeding in Chinese dairy cattle population.

With the improvement of livestock and poultry intensive breeding, high density breeding livestock and poultry farms air quality problem becomes increasingly prominent. The livestock production process can generate a large number of PM, which has become an important source of fine particulate PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) and PM10 (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm ) in atmosphere, affecting the air quality and the health of livestock seriously. PM in livestock houses is mainly organic and mainly from feed, feces, feathers, dander, containing C, H, O, N, S, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, K, and other elements; the surface of PM also adheres to bacteria, fungi, viruses, endotoxins, ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and other harmful substances. It was found that PM concentration in chicken house was higher than that in pig house; PM concentration in livestock houses was positively correlated with the age and activity of animals; PM concentration in winter was higher than that in summer. However, there is a lack of standardized equipment and standard methods to measure PM concentration and emission levels in different types of livestock and poultry houses. PM components in livestock houses are complex and have strong biological effects, which seriously hazard the health and animal production. High PM concentration in livestock houses affects respiratory health mainly in the following three forms: the directly stimulation of PM to respiratory tract which reduces the immune resistance of the body to respiratory diseases; the stimulation of various compounds attached to PM surface; the stimulation of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms on PM surfaces. At present, studies on the mechanism of PM on respiratory health hazards mainly focus on the inflammatory effect of PM on respiratory tract Studies showed that, PM could induce cells to release inflammatory factors and cause lung inflammation reaction through the proinflammatory factor produced by alveolar macrophages stimulated by PM. In addition, PM2.5 upregulated the expression of nuclear transcription factor κB (NFκB) and transcription activator AP-1 by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) which was activated by oxidative stress. PM2.5 could also identify the toll-like receptor 2 and 4 by activating the mode of activation, and activate the NFκB signaling pathway, leading to the occurrence of inflammation. Studies have also found that the cell autophagy and nuclear factor related factor - 2 (nuclear factor E2 - related factor 2, Nrf2) related signaling pathways would be activated during the process of inflammation induced by PM2.5, which provided the targets for treatment of cell damage induced by PM2.5. Although there were more study on mechanism of hazard of PM to the health of respiratory tract, the PM composition was complicated, and in a constantly changing, so the PM induced respiratory damage mechanism was very complex and need further study. A large number of PM released in the process of livestock production seriously affects the environmental air quality and the health of livestock, and the extent of PM's harm to the environment and the health of livestock was closely related to its composition and concentration. Therefore, a proper understanding of PM morphology, size, composition, concentration level and emission influencing factors of animal house is of great significance to the determination of PM source and hazard caused by PM toxicity. In this paper, the source, chemical composition, concentration, discharge, influence factors, and the effects on respiratory function of PM from animal house are summarized, and offer a base for evaluating the effect of PM on healthy production of livestock and poultry.

To ascertain the general growth and health conditions of Pinus tabuliformis in the Museum of Chinese Gardens and Landscape Architecture and timely and accurately identify the existing problems and potential hazards of tree health can provide reference for implementing emergency measures, adjusting and formulating means and long-term scheme of rejuvenation and maintenance of the trees. The basic growth and health indexes, the score of health, and the health classification and assessment of the whole 79 Pinus tabuliformis in the garden were systematically studied. The results showed that a majority of the trees assessed were in good health, no tree was classified as weak or particularly weak grade. There were 9 trees at medium health level, accounting for 11.39% of the total. The number of trees at good and excellent level was 63 and 7 respectively, accounting for 79.75% and 8.86% of the total. The health status of P. tabuliformis on site condition of flat land and gentle slope was better than that on site condition of upland. The symptoms of crown and trunk of the trees, especially the branch and leaf pests and diseases, leaf spot or discoloration and trunk borer and disease, were the most primary factors leading to the deterioration of tree vigor and health score. High attention should be paid to the threats and impacts caused by pests and diseases, which can lead to the vitality decline of the trees. Based on the occurring regularity of pests and diseases, integrated prevention and control measures should be established. Besides, with the goal of improving the site condition of the trees, scientific and elaborate maintenance and management measures should be carried out to enhance the tree vigor and health condition. Health record should also be set up to monitor and inspect the growth conditions of the trees regularly.

健康养殖技术相对于传统的养殖技术与管理，包涵了更广泛的内容，它不但要求有健康的养殖产品，以保证人类食品安全，而且养殖生态环境应符合养殖品种的生态学要求，养殖品种应保持相对稳定的种质特性。本文简要介绍了国内外水产健康养殖技术研究的现状、中国健康养殖技术与国外的差距，以及中国健康养殖技术研究的发展趋势。

[Purpose/Significance] In recent years, there has been a lot of research on the demand for health information, but the research on health information services for the elderly is slightly insufficient. In early 2022, China officially entered the aging society. In addition, people's attention to major public health emergencies brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic triggered the author's thinking about the demand for health information for the elderly under such circumstances. This paper aims to explore the health information needs of the elderly under major public health emergencies, enrich the theoretical content of health information needs and services for the elderly, and provide reference for health information services for the elderly. [Method/Process] In-depth interview was used to collect data from 30 elderly people. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview text, code the interview text, and summarize sub-themes. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that the health information needs of the elderly under major public health emergencies can be divided into four categories: disease prevention, disease diagnosis and treatment, health care, mental health and social life. In order to meet their health information needs, this paper proposes information service strategies from the perspective of the government, community and media: 1) the government ensures that information channels are unblocked, and makes full use of scientific and technological means to transmit information. In the Internet era, considering that most elderly people are also active on the We Media and social media platforms, government departments are suggested to make full use of scientific and technological means to update the latest news to the public in a timely manner, such as using emerging social media, We Media (such as Weibo, WeChat official account, Tiktok, etc.) to cooperate with official news agencies, and build smooth information transmission channels with the help of scientific and technological platforms, and expand the scope of information dissemination; 2) to enrich grassroots information dissemination channels by taking community as a unit, in addition to regularly issuing relevant notices and information in the community, we can also carry out targeted publicity lectures, free health clinics and other activities under the professional guidance of relevant institutions to help the elderly obtain health information; 3) to standardize the release of media information and improve the social responsibility of the media industry. This study mainly focuses on the elderly who can take care of themselves. The research object comes from the same community. In the future, more attention may be paid to the semi-disabled and completely disabled elderly, and diversified groups in different environments and regions will be considered.

As a kind of triazine herbicides, prometryn has been applied illegally in aquaculture. In recent years, prometryn residue in aquatic products in China has been frequently detected, and even exceeded the baseline of command check set by aquatic products import countries, affecting the normal export trade of aquatic products. However, the maximum residue limit (MRL) of prometryn in aquatic products has not been reported yet. As prometryn is difficult to degrade, it may be a potential safety hazard to aquatic environment. In order to attract widespread concern and attention, and provide basic data for bringing prometryn into the national standard directory as veterinary drugs and establishing normal export trade order of aquatic products, status of prometryn residue limited standards at home and abroad were analyzed in this paper based on the reports on prometryn of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), safety evaluation of prometryn on human health was introduced in detail, ecotoxicological effects of prometryn on aquatic environment were summarized, and the detection methods of prometryn in aquatic products and related risk assessment research status were reviewed.

[Purpose/Significance] In China, the elderly population is huge, and the degree of aging is obviously accelerating. The gap between urban and rural areas is obvious, with the proportion of the elderly population in rural areas being higher than that in urban areas. Along with the accelerating aging process, the health problems faced by the elderly are becoming more and more prominent, and the demand for personal health information literacy will be increasing. Research on health information literacy and health promotion among the elderly, especially the rural elderly, will become an important topic. Therefore, it is important to understand the current situation of health information literacy among rural elderly and explore its influencing factors in order to establish ways and mechanisms to successfully promote health information literacy among rural elderly. [Method/Process] This paper used a mixed approach combining literature review and quantitative research. Firstly, we formulated a questionnaire and proposed a hypothesis on the influence of socio-demographic factors on health information literacy through a review of relevant studies and investigation tools at home and abroad. Then, based on the theoretical model of knowledge, attitudes and behavior and the connotation of health information literacy, we proposed some hypotheses on the interactions between the dimensions of health information literacy. Finally, in the quantitative study, a three-stage sampling was used to conduct a household questionnaire survey of elderly people aged 60 and above in rural areas, and a total of 1 222 valid questionnaires were obtained and the hypothesis testing was performed using regression analysis and path analysis. [Results/Conclusions] The score of health information literacy of rural elderly is lower, the score of health information consciousness dimension is the highest, and the score of health information seeking dimension is the lowest. Education level, time of using smart phones, time of using the Internet, nature of work and health status are the important influencing factors of health information literacy of rural elderly (P<0.05). The most trusted source of health information for rural elderly is medical workers, but they feel it difficult to evaluate and distrust online information. Therefore, strengthening the participation of medical staff in health information literacy education for the elderly and alleviating the conflicts in use of smart phones and the Internet by elderly should be done in order to achieve effective improvement of the health information literacy of the elderly in rural areas. In addition, there are some limitations in this study. The sample size is not large enough, as well as not exploring in depth the factors influencing health information literacy from other factors such as health information behaviors of rural older adults, which will be studied in the future.

每毫升 10 6菌落形成单位的金黄色葡萄球菌悬液 1ml单侧乳房内接种 ,人工诱发奶山羊乳房炎。 15只泌乳期健康奶山羊 ,按给药途径随机分为 3组 ,采用交叉试验设计 ,分别进行静注、肌注和乳房灌注恩诺沙星 (2 .5mg·kg-1)对健康和人工感染乳房炎的奶山羊进行比较药动学研究。采用HPLC法测定血中恩诺沙星及其代谢产物环丙沙星的浓度 ,用统计矩原理处理药物浓度 时间数据。结果表明 ,实验性乳房炎可以使静注给药后恩诺沙星在奶山羊的消除缓慢 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,消除半衰期 (t1/ 2 β)由 1.32± 0 .2 6h增至 1.77± 0 .12h ;使肌注给药恩诺沙星的吸收、生物转化和代谢均发生显著变化 (P <0 .0 1) ,药时曲线下面积 (AUC)由 3.0 4mg·h-1·L-1增至 4 .36mg·h-1·L-1,代谢率 (f)由 4 4 .0 6 %降至 2 4 .0 2 % ,环丙沙星的AUC由 1.2 9降至 1.0 1mg·h-1·L-1;使乳房灌注给药恩诺沙星的平均滞留时间 (MRT)由 1.86h增至 2 .2 9h(P <0 .0 5 ) ,f由 4 5 .73%降至 30 .0 6 % (P <0 .0 1)。

【Objective】One of the basic national conditions in China is ‘smallholders in the large country’. The proportion of smallholders is high, and the degree of self-production and self-marketing costs is also high. The coordinated development of smallholders’ food production, consumption and nutrition is the health guarantee of rural revitalization strategy. Farmers’ dietary diversity (types of food eaten per day) and the correlation between farmers' farm production diversity (types of food produced on a daily basis) and their dietary diversity and nutritional health (BMI) were analyzed for providing the theoretical basis for farmers' good eating habits formation and rural human capital construction.【Method】395 farmers' questionnaires were collected from 10 villages in Jiangsu province, 10 villages in Henan province and 6 villages in Sichuan province based on random sampling and stratified sampling. Descriptive analysis was carried out on the types of food produced by farmers in three provinces, which involved the sources and quantities of all kinds of food intake, and the nutritional status of daily intake of food which produced by farmers. According to the economic theory of food consumption and individual health utility, multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influence of farmers' agricultural production diversity on their dietary diversity, and Probit model was used to explore the influence of farmers' agricultural production diversity on their nutritional health without the endogeneity.【Result】The respondents' farm production diversity was not high and 3.37 food types were produced on average, but the inter-provincial gap was small and the intake of food such as aquatic products, fruits, milk and dairy products, livestock and poultry were mainly from the purchase. Farmers also had a low degree of dietary diversity with an average daily intake of 3.34 types of food, but the inter-provincial gap was large. The amount of home-grown food consumed was lower than national recommendation. In total daily intake per capita, livestock and poultry meat intake was too much, while milk and dairy products, aquatic products intake were insufficient. Farmers had nutritional imbalance from daily intake of food produced by themselves. Home-grown food provided plenty of energy, but low intakes of protein, fat, calcium, magnesium, potassium and vitamin A. Nearly 60 percent of farmers had normal BMI but the inter-provincial gap was large. Farmers' farm production diversity had a significant positive correlation with their dietary diversity and nutritional health at the statistical level of 10%. In addition, factors such as farmers' age, education level, total net family income, nutrition knowledge cognition and market access had significant influence on dietary diversity while the factors, such as farmers' gender, age, education level and food nutrition education, had significant influence on individual nutrition health.【Conclusion】As in other developing countries, farmers' farm production diversity in China promotes their dietary diversity and nutritional health. However, along with agriculture commercialization degree and farmers’ non-agricultural income enhancement, the trend of farmers' food purchase to meet the dietary diversity is irreversible and it is not feasible to improve farmers' farm production diversity under the practical condition of limited water and soil resources. Therefore, to encourage the establishment of standardized agricultural products market in rural areas and strengthen the publicity and education of food nutrition to improve farmers' nutrition knowledge may be a feasible way to ensure dietary diversity and nutritional health.

This paper expounded the problems existed in current urban smellscape, proposed the countermeasures to improve urban smellscape by combining with health effect and cultural connotation of plants. The countermeasures included reconstructing city negative smell, paying attention to the different effects of plant volatiles on human health, highlighting a joint role of ‘multi sense’ (mobilizing multiple human organs simultaneously to enjoy the landscape) and building urban cultural smell memory, etc. Then several concrete examples were presented for the application of urban smellscape. In this way, urban smellscape can contribute to the construction of the living environment.

[Purpose/Significance] Emotional experience is a purely subjective feeling of the interaction between users and products. Exploring user participation behavior and influencing factors in online health communities under the influence of user emotional experience has obvious significance for retaining users. [Method/Process] A total of 25 users of the online health platform were selected as the research objects. The semi-structured interview method was used, and the basic information of the interviewees was combined with the questionnaire. With the help of grounded theory, the original interview data were coded, and the factors influencing user participation in online health communities were analyzed. Then, the emotional experience and feedback mechanism model of user participation in online health communities was constructed by combining the "emotion-cognitive recursive model". Finally, effective cases were screened from the questionnaire, and the configuration of the influencing factors of user participation behavior and affective feedback was explored based on the principle of qualitative comparative analysis and calculation of fuzzy sets. [Results/Conclusions] Through the grounded theory coding, six factors affecting user participation behavior are obtained: risk perception, platform cognition, demand motivation, platform experience, user emotion and environment. Then combined with the cognitive-affective model, the seven main categories derived from the rooted coding were divided into three dimensions: cognitive assessment, affective experience and participatory behavior. The feedback mechanism of emotional experience after participating behavior is further studied. It is found that the cognitive evaluation including risk perception, platform cognition and demand motivation affects the emotional experience of users, thus affecting their actual participation behavior. In the process of user participation in online health community, the factors of cognitive assessment, emotional experience and participation behavior interact with each other, and have a two-way effect on user participation behavior and user cognitive assessment. Further verification by fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) shows that among the six factors affecting user participation behavior, platform experience and demand motivation are the core conditions affecting user participation in online health community, and the three single factor variables of user emotion, environment and platform cognition do not necessarily affect the generation of user participation behavior. The extraction of influencing factors and the definition of user behavior are not comprehensive, and some real variables and key engagement behaviors may be overlooked. In addition, there is an imbalance in the number of samples on each platform. Follow-up related research can improve the pertinence of the platform and expand the sample capacity.

To study the relationship between tobacco root-knot nematode disease and rhizosphere soil microbial communities, high-throughput sequencing was used to study the microbial diversity, composition structure and function of rhizosphere soil in healthy and diseased tobacco fields. The results show that there is no significant difference in the Alpha diversity of the rhizosphere soil microbial communities between healthy and diseased tobacco fields. Beta diversity analysis shows that the distribution of samples from healthy and diseased tobacco fields is basically the same. The bacterial and fungal microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and infected tobacco fields are similar in composition at the phylum level, but there are differences in species abundance. Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota are dominant in healthy tobacco fields, while Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes, Ascomycoda and Mortierellomycota are dominant in diseased tobacco fields. At the genus level, the microbial community composition of rhizosphere soil bacteria and fungi are basically the same, but there is significant difference in the microbial species abundance between healthy and root-knot nematode-infected tobacco fields, and the pathogenic bacteria such as Cylidrocapon, Fusarium are dominant in the diseased tobacco field. At the species level, Actinoallomurus spadix and Arhrobacter ramosus in healthy tobacco fields are significantly different from those in diseased tobacco fields. Through the prediction analysis of rhizosphere soil microbial function, it is found that the functional composition of fungi and bacteria in diseased and healthy tobacco fields are similar, but the functional abundance of diseased tobacco fields is higher than that of healthy tobacco fields. Therefore, infection of nematodes is not directly related to the composition and diversity of the rhizosphere soil microbial community, but might be closely related to the abundance of certain species and sample functional abundance. The study could provide a theoretical basis for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease by regulating rhizosphere microbial community structure.

【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to study the effects of glucose oxidase (GOD) on growth performance, immune functions and intestinal health of ducks challenged by Escherichia coli (E. coli) O₈₈ and its mechanism to find a substitute for antibiotics to prevent duck colibacillosis_. 【Method】 A total of 144 one-day-old healthy male lean Peking ducklings were selected and randomly divided into three groups with six replicates and eight ducks per replicate. Ducks were fed the three diets supplemented with nothing (Control group), 30 mg·kg^-1virginiamycin (Antibiotic group) and 200 U·kg^-1 GOD in basal diet, respectively. On day 7, all ducks were orally taken 0.2 mL E. coli O₈₈ (3×10⁹ CFU/mL) twice, 8 hours apart. The experiment lasted for 28 days. 【Result】The results showed as follows: 1) Compared with the control group, adding antibiotic or GOD in the diet significantly increased the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of 1 to 14-day-old attacking ducks (P<0.01). 2) The number of serum white blood cell of 28-day-old attacking ducks was significantly reduced and the percentage of serum lymphocyte was significantly increased by adding antibiotic and GOD in diet (P<0.01), and the number of serum red blood cell of 28-day- old attacking ducks was significantly reduced by adding GOD in diet (P<0.05). 3) Serum MDA at day 14 (P<0.05) and CAT contents at day 28 (P<0.01) were significantly reduced by adding antibiotic and GOD, serum T-AOC at day 28 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and CAT at day 14 showed a tendency to decrease by adding GOD (P=0.087). 4) Supplementation of antibiotic and GOD significantly decreased endotoxin of 14 and 28-day-old attacking ducks (P<0.01). 5) Adding antibiotic or GOD significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1β and IL-6 of ducks at day 14 and 28 and TNF-α at d 28 (P<0.05), no significant differences between the GOD and the antibiotic groups（P>0.05）. 6) The concentration of serum diamine oxidase and D-lactic of 14 and 28-day-old attacking ducks were significantly reduced by adding antibiotic and GOD (P<0.05), no significant differences between the GOD and the antibiotic groups (P>0.05). 7) The addition of GOD increased the number of unique OTUs in ileum, reduced the contents of E. coli, and increased the relative abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, addition of GOD in the diet can balance the structure of intestinal flora, reduce the production of bacterial endotoxin and decrease oxidative stress, and then maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosa and prevent activation of inflammatory signal pathway by endotoxin and occurrence of inflammatory reaction, so as to improve intestinal health and growth of ducks infected with E. coli. The GOD can be used as antibiotics substitute to prevent or alleviate colibacillosis of ducks.

China and Australia are facing the common problems and needs in aging population. Cross-cultural research is not limited to local research but starting from the view of globalization. From cross-cultural perspective, the seminar discussed the design of healthy aging, involving the issues such as story time machine designed for the elderly, "memory" wearable, diapers for clinical use, the elderly clothing accessories and visual identification research, which enriched the academic exchanges and information resource sharing of universities between Australia and China. It also provided a new hot spot and new direction for art design, and had important academic significance.

In order to better evaluate the health of the wetland ecosystem in the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve, according to its characteristics and the connotation of wetland ecosystem health, we used the Euclidean distance theory and selected 13 indicators from four aspects of water, soil, biology and society, to construct the assessment system of the wetland ecosystem and evaluate the ecosystem health. Then, we analyzed the existing problems of the reserve based on the index diagnosis method. The results showed that the ecosystem health index (A value) was 0.656. The water guarantee rate, soil pH, dynamic balance of plant community, dynamic balance of animal community, population density, ratio of water extraction to water storage, ratio of wetland output value to input capital contributed positively to A value. The contribution of soil available phosphorus, wetland capital input capacity and supply function type to A value was negative. The evaluation method adopted by this study on wetland ecosystem health based on Euclidean distance could accurately reflect the ecosystem health, the existing problems were analyzed, and some suggestions on further improvement of the natural reserve were put forward.

Based on the needs of the soil health management of the facility vegetable fields in Beijing suburbs, the soil health assessment methods at home and abroad, and the analysis results of the 1350 facility vegetable fields’ soil samples in Beijing, a field-scale facility vegetable field soil health assessment system was initially constructed. A total of 21 assessment indicators in four categories of physics, biology, chemistry and output were determined, and the threshold range, scoring standards, weights and assessment modules of each indicator were proposed. The system was used to evaluate the health of the facility vegetable fields’ soil in Fangshan District of Beijing. Five plantations were selected, and one experimental site was set up in each plantation. The evaluation results showed that: one of the five experimental sites belonged to sub-health grade, and the other four experimental sites belonged to health grade. Soil improvement and remediation were carried out for two consecutive years in the sub-health grade experimental site. The results showed that the soil health index increased from 0.77 to 0.83, and the soil health grade was raised to health level. In detail, the soil bulk density was reduced, the content of organic matter increased, the level of soil fertility increased, pH decreased, the yield of vegetables was stable, and the quality index increased. Soil management was carried out for two consecutive years in the health grade experimental site. The results showed that the soil health index increased from 0.86 to 0.87, the soil fertility level was stable, the pathogen index decreased, and the vegetable yield and the commodity rate increased. Therefore, the assessment system could perform a good guiding role in maintaining or improving the soil health level of facility vegetable fields, and it is suggested to carry out more extensive soil health assessment and soil remediation management of facility vegetable fields.

[Purpose/Significance] When rural residents read health information regarding chronic diseases, they often tend to develop cognitive conflicts or negative emotions, which leads to their avoidance behaviors towards health information regarding chronic diseases. The purpose of this study is to explore the influencing factors among rural residents in Jiangsu Province and the relationships among these factors. [Method/Process] Based on the stress coping theory and the planned risk information avoidance model, this study constructed a model of influencing factors of rural residents' avoidance behaviors towards health information on chronic diseases on the basis of the characteristics of rural residents. In this paper, 250 valid questionnaires were collected, and structural equation model method was used to test the theoretical model. [Results/Conclusions] It is found that social atmosphere, negative emotions and patients' cognition all have positive effects on rural residents' avoidance intention, which leads to the occurrence of health information avoidance behavior. At the same time, the influence of information access constraints on rural residents' avoidance behaviors towards health information on chronic diseases was verified. The research helps to enrich the theoretical system of health information avoidance behavior, and provide guidance and suggestions for government departments and medical service institutions to optimize health information services on how to deal with chronic diseases.

Recently，there are two kinds of completely opposite viewpoints about the effects of nitrate on human health. In order to further understand objectively the effects of nitrate on human health, both of harmfulness and possible benefits of nitrate to human body were discussed in this review from the aspects of nitrate accumulation in vegetables, the source of nitrate ingested into human body and the transformation of nitrate in human body as well as the pathogenesis and physiological functions of nitrate metabolins.

[Purpose/Significance] The purpose of this study is to elaborate the extent, strategies, causes and their association of rural residents' health information avoidance in the context of lower risk diseases. [Method/Process] The empirical data were gathered by theoretical sampling and semi-structured interview conducted with 45 rural residents in Jiangsu province. The data were scrutinized by open coding and axial coding, and the association between avoidance strategies and causes were visualized by social network analysis software. [Results/Conclusions] The study finds the following: (1) The extent of rural residents' health information avoidance varied from the com prehensive type to the selective type. Comprehensive avoidance occurred at the stage of information need with abandoning treatment strategies, while selective avoidance occurred at the stage of information acquisition with treating by themselves or delayed treatment. (2) The causes of avoidance includes perceived risk, trust in the source of information, the level of health information literacy, literacy level, emotion, economic level, small world, time and the accessibility of medical resources. (3) There is a specific correlation between the causes of rural residents' health information avoidance and avoidance strategies. The literacy level and the accessibility of medical resources only affect the strategy of abandoning treatment. Emotional factor only has influence on delaying treatment. The level of health information literacy only affects the strategy of treating by themselves avoidance strategy. The study can provide abundances and suggestions for improving the health status of rural residents.

To understand the status of people’s daily tea-drinking, an investigation was carried out on the selection of tea variety, soaking time, drinking habits and drinking volume in Qingdao City. The results showed that there were obvious differences among different consumers in tea type selection, green tea was favored by the highest percentage of consumers, 49% of the total survey number, the order from high to low was: green tea> black tea> oolong tea> pu-erh tea. On tea consumption amount, the proportion of daily consumption of 5 g accounted for the most. Tea soaking of most consumers was usually 3 to 4 times per day, soaking time was generally between 30 s and 50 s. On the daily consumption, most consumers drank 3- 6 cups a day. As estimated by six cups of tea, catechin daily intake was 675.0 mg, this value was low, failed to reach the standard healthy tea drinking. The above results showed that Qingdao residents mainly drank green tea, this might be affected by local Laoshan green tea production, the tea consumption was relatively reasonable. But the understanding of health medicinal value of catechin was deficient. In the future, consumers’understanding of drinking tea in a healthy way should be promoted by attaching equal importance to both flavor and healthy contents.

Plant environment is very important to human health. Both healing garden and horticultural therapy are based on plant environment to promote human health. That is, people’s health can be improved by looking at plant environment or by enjoying the physiological and ecological functions of plants, etc. This paper described the concept of healing garden, horticultural therapy and health, analyzed the relationship between healing garden and horticultural therapy, and reviewed some researches about the relationship between plant environment and human health at home and abroad. The writer gave out some suggestions to improve the research status in China. They were: (1) to pay attention to studying on the impact of plant environment on human health; (2) to build healing garden more positively; (3) to be innovative and construct healing garden with Chinese characteristics.

Vegetable is one of the largest foods consumed, and their quality directly relates to the physical health of urban residents. In order to evaluate the heavy metal contamination and the safe levels of vegetables, 24 kinds of vegetables from two important vegetables wholesale markets of Qingdao were random sampled in different seasons, we measured and analyzed the contents of heavy metal and then evaluated single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index by the method of national food hygienic standard of China, and health risk assessment from intake of vegetables containing Pb and Cd was assessed. The result showed that the heavy metal pollution in winter vegetables in Qingdao was more serious than in spring, and relied mainly on the fact of Cd and Pb. Scallions had the highest concentration of Cd and Pb, and garlic reached the level of moderate pollution; The results of health risk assessment indicated that the Pb and Cd contents of vegetables has not produced the prominent risk to health of citizens in Qingdao.

This research took four main vegetation types of the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, tropical monsoon forest and tropical montane rainforest in the Naban River nature reserve as the research objects, used principal component analysis to select 12 indicators from the 18 indicators in five categories as the forest health assessment indicators for main vegetation types, adopted Delphi expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index, and assessed forest health of major vegetation types of 487 small classes in reserve through the forest health assessment index method. The results show that there are 405 high quality and healthy forest small classes, accounted for 77.79% of the total area; there are 82 sub-healthy and unhealthy forest small classes, accounted for 22.21% of the total area. The health status of the main vegetation types is good, but due to the influence of community activities, the vegetation types that close to farmlands and villages have low health status, so some measures should be taken to alleviate the deterioration of the adverse situation, realize the sustainable development goal of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

The aims are to determine the ecological load and environmental capacity of wetlands, and provide references for making environmental regional planning andnvironmental laws. Taking East Dongting Lake as the studying area, the Mamdani FIS (Fuzzy Reasoning System) model was used to construct the index system including nine factors, water pH, the suspended solids concentration in water, soil pH, soil water content, the number of vegetation types, the number of invasive species, the rate of wetland area change, the population density, and the industrial structure. The wetland ecosystem health assessment was carried out. The results showed that the health assessment score of East Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem was 1.37, the status of health was between sub-health and unhealthy. Based on the nonlinear analysis ability of Mamdani FIS model and the reasoning rules using expert opinions, the assessment results of wetland ecosystem health are more objective, and have important reference values for the reasonable formulation of the ecological environment protection policy for lake wetlands.

Based on the advantages and disadvantages of modern agricultural production methods such as ecological agriculture, organic agriculture and green agriculture, we propose a new idea about biology healthy agriculture, a modern agricultural production method of safe and healthy terminal agricultural products, which is to cultivate various crops or agricultural animals using advanced biotechnology and production technology to achieve a “combination” among health concept, biotechnology and agricultural, and is also integrated into rural tourism and leisure agriculture. This project systematically expounds the theoretical points of the new theory of biologically healthy agriculture and industrialization, explains the construction of the bio-health agriculture industry system from several aspects of the development principles, functional orientation, the regional industrial system, the supporting technology system and development goal, clarifies the necessity, significance and significance of bio-health agriculture development in China. All above is to provide the rationale for improving the safety, nutrient quality and market competitiveness of agricultural products, promoting the sustainable development of modern agriculture, enhancing the health and mental needs of the residents, which is in order to realize the transformation of biotechnology and health industry to the development of modern agriculture, promote the development of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and create an upgraded version of modern agriculture.

Based on the comprehensive analysis of the health promotion effect of urban parks and green spaces and related evaluation models, the evaluation index system and evaluation model construction of the suitability of urban parks and green spaces for leisure and recreation under the health perspective are explored. (1) On the basis of literature analysis and expert consultation, we constructed the evaluation index system for the suitability of urban parks and green spaces for health, leisure and recreation, which included 6 criterion layers, 15 element layers and 40 indexes. (2) The analytic hierarchy process and entropy method were used to determine the weight of each index in the evaluation index system. The importance of each level of evaluation index was obtained, and the health efficacy perception (0.2663) and the public aesthetics (0.2470) ranked first and second in the criterion level. The top evaluation indexes in the element layer were physiological health (0.1332), plant landscape (0.0988), air quality (0.0926) and recreational space (0.0871). (3) With the help of questionnaire survey scores, an empirical evaluation of the suitability of the green space of Hangzhou Chengbei Sports Park for healthy leisure and recreation was carried out. The final overall score of the Chengbei Sports Park was 4.1996, which belonged to the excellent level. However, there were problems with water landscape and basic service facilities. According to the evaluation results, we proposed development strategies from five aspects.

The paper aims to reveal the mechanism and influencing factors of community garden health benefits, promote people’s health, and activate the vitality of cities. Based on CNKI and Web of Science (WoS) literature database, research on the health benefits of community gardens at home and abroad from 2000 to 2021 was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) during 2000-2021, the research at home and abroad showed a significant growth trend, most of the foreign research was oriented towards food health development and paid more attention to quantitative and empirical research on human settlements and health; domestic research was mostly practical application oriented, carrying out site construction mainly in planning and design and horticultural activities; (2) the mechanism and influencing factors of community garden health benefits were the key points of the research at home and abroad, research on the mechanism of action focused on relieving mental pressure, enhancing physical efficiency, promoting social interaction and so on, while that on the major influencing factors focused on community garden construction characteristics, maintenance of biological diversity, vegetation types and management; (3) multidisciplinary ecological governance and green development for building low-carbon healthy living environment are hot research fields in the future.

【Objective】this study was conducted to research effects of addition of cinnamaldehyde in calf starter on growth performance, health status, rumen fermentation and microflora of calves, so as to provide theoretical basis for applying cinnamaldehyde in calf cultivation. 【Method】Twenty-four healthy Holstein male calves at the age of around 15 days, with similar body weight, were selected, and were divided into control group and experiment group, with three replicates in each group and four calve in each replicate. The control group were fed basic starter, while starter of experimental group was added with 0.3% encapsulated cinnamaldehyde which contained 15% effective cinnamaldehyde. The weaning period contained 6 pre-trail period, and 27 days of formal trail period, both groups were fed same amount of milk, the starter and orts grass were given at libtium, and the ruminal fluid was taken by stomach tube at the end of weaning period. After weaned, the animals were kept for another 51 days with same feeding management mode, the ruminal fluid was taken at the end of the experiment. The feed intake, growth performance, body measurement, fence score and ruminal volatile fatty acids concentrations were measured during the two phase of the experiment, and the ruminal bacterial community composition was measured based on 16SrDNA gene high through put sequencing. 【Result】The results showed that: (1) In terms of feed intake and growth performance, there were no difference in average daily gain, dry matter intake and feed efficiency between experiment and control group at pre-weaning, post-weaning stage and whole experiment period (P>0.05), there were no differences in body measurements parameters between experiment and control group as well (P>0.05); 2) In terms of calf health status, the diarrhea rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, but was not significant (P>0.05). 3) For the rumen fermentation parameters, the concentration of volatile fatty acids of rumen fluid in the experimental group on weaning day was tend to lower than that in the control group (P>0.05). At the end of the experiment, the concentration of volatile fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate of experimental group was significantly higher, while acetate/propionate ratio lower than that of control group (P<0.01); 4) At the end of experiment, cinnamaldehyde supplementation increased ruminal bacteria Shannon diversity index, decreased Simpson diversity index; addition of cinnamaldehyde increased abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria at phylum and prevotella at genus level (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】The results showed that addition of 0.3% encapsulated cinnamaldehyde which contained 15% effective cinnamaldehyde had no influence on growth performance, but decreased diarrhea rate, increased ruminal volatile fatty acids concentration and decreased acetate/propionate ratio, increased ruminal bacterial community diversity, and abundance of Firmicutes and Prevotella, indicated addition of high amount of cinnamaldehyde had no adverse effects on calf growth performance, but changed ruminal bacterial community composition and ruminal fermentation mode.

[Purpose/Significance] Based on the social background of population aging, studies on health literacy and health information behavior of the elderly have become an important issue as China enters an aging society and information society. This paper aims to explore the influencing factors of health information adoption behavior of elderly users on social platforms, so as to provide reference for social platform managers to screen health information and optimize health information service for the elderly. [Method/Process] This study followed an inductive qualitative approach. The case study methodology was adopted. To be specific, the WeChat platform was selected as one of the typical social platforms, and a semi-structured interview with 27 WeChat users was used for data collection. After collecting the qualitative interview data, the thematic analysis was carried out, which contains six steps, namely (1) becoming familiar with the data, (2) coding the data, (3) connecting codes and identifying themes, (4) reviewing themes, (5) developing concept maps, and (6) writing a report. Following the steps, all identified codes were distributed into 11 sub-themes and regrouped into 4 main themes. [Results/Conclusions] The results showed that factors of individual, informational, technical, and environmental are the key factors that affect the health information adoption behavior of elderly users when they are using WeChat platforms. Moreover, the influencing factor model of elderly users' health information adoption based on social platform was developed and the mechanism between various factors and adoption behavior is deeply discussed. Further analysis of the interview data indicated that living environment and technical support are external factors while information quality and individual characteristics are internal factors. In addition, in order to promote the development of social platforms and improve their health information service capabilities, this paper puts forward relevant suggestions from the two dimensions of social platform developers and users perspective. In particular, the social platform development team should fully identify elderly needs and habits of using the health information and the health information they need, which is helpful to providing elderly with comprehensive and targeted information services. The elderly needs to improve their health literacy and their ability to deal with health information, so as to adapt to the Internet era. Finally, due to the limited interviewee number, this paper only takes 27 elderly users and WeChat as an example. In the future work, more social platforms can be explored and horizontal comparative studies can be carried out.

In the context of rural revitalization, rural toilet reform has become an important part of the improvement of the rural human settlement environment in China. This study is based on the provincial panel data of China’s central and western regions from 2010 to 2017 to study the impact of rural toilet reform on the health of rural residents. The results showed that: rural toilet reform had a significantly positive impact on the health of rural residents; the urbanization rate could strengthen the role of rural toilet reform in promoting the health of rural residents; rural toilet reform could improve the health of rural residents by reducing the incidence of dysentery. After considering the endogenous problem, the impact of rural toilet reform on the health of rural residents is still significant, indicating that the research conclusions are reliable. Therefore, in the construction of beautiful villages, China should intensify the rural toilet reform, strengthen rural residents’ health awareness, and promote rural governance, thereby improving the living environment and the health level of rural residents.

应用我国天然缺硒饲料，在实验室条件下进行了猪、鸡和鸭的缺硒模型试验研究。结果表明：饲料缺硒可导致生产中畜禽发生一系列表现在不同部位、不同程度的病理变化和临床症状。用缺硒饲料喂仔猪8周、雏鸡2周后，血液及组织中含硒量与GSH-Px活性显著降到较低值，并趋于稳定，这与动物开始出现缺硒症状的结果一致。鸡试验证明，缺硒日粮中补加100mg/kg维生素E或补加0.05ppm以上的硒，可防止鸡发生渗出性素质病。但仅补维生素E不能防止鸡胰脏的缺硒病变，还需同时补硒。对鸡胰脏中Cu、Zn、Mn等含量的测定结果表明，缺硒使胰脏变性，导致Cu、 Zn、Mn代谢障碍及含量下降（P＜0.05）。试验还证明，增加日粮中蛋白质水平可加剧缺硒状况对畜禽的危害程度，说明对饲料条件较好，生长较快的畜禽品种，特别是幼畜、幼禽，应适当提高硒的需要量。

    流感病毒是一种分节段的、有囊膜包裹的负链RNA病毒，属于正黏病毒科。根据其内部NP和M的不同，分为A、B、C三型^[1]。到目前为止，禽流感（avian influenza，AI）只由A型流感病毒引起，B、C型流感病毒尚未在禽类体内发现。自然界中，A型流感病毒的宿主范围相当广泛，猪、马、虎、水貂、狐狸、猫、鲸、禽类以及人体内都分离到A型流感病毒，是人畜共患的重要呼吸道疾病病原，具有特殊的重要性。     本专题围绕目前中国兽医行业内流感研究工作新进展，集中报道了来自禽或猪体内流感病毒的生物信息学、致病机理和诊断技术等方面的研究成果。通过学术交流和讨论，加大对流感的宣传，促进公众对流感的认知，有助于提高人类对流感的防范意识，尽可能降低流感对社会秩序、食品安全和人类自身健康造成的冲击和负面影响。

Plant environment has important significance for human physical and mental health, healing gardens and horticultural therapy are mainly used to promote the health of people both in physiological and psychological aspects. In order to explore the effects of plant environment on human physical and mental health, the paper described the concept of healing garden and horticultural therapy, and analyzed the relationship between healing gardern and horticultural therapy, reviewed the study on the relationship between plant environment and human physical and mental health both at home and abroad in recent 15 years. In China, this research field start later than aboard, which is currently in the transformation process which from the theoretical exposition, the popularization of the mechanism to the system of study. In the future, it is still needed to increase investment and advancing methods for the research in this field, to fill the gap between China and the international level in the field.

In order to clarify each factor influencing China’s forest health condition, the author firstly analyzed the connotation of forest health and concluded that the ideal healthy forests were those that had certain resistance and could normally grow without being threatened by factors such as forest fire, harmful organisms (plants, pestilence, insect pests, and so on), meteorological disasters, air pollution and deforestation. Meanwhile, the function or value of forest including underground water, recreation location, wild animal protection, wood supply and self-updating would not be affected. It then analyzed all factors influencing China’s forest health and illustrated all the urgent problems confronting research on forest health risks. Finally it envisioned the research on China’s forest health from the aspects of forest health risk indicator system establishment, evaluation of each forest health risk indicator’s influence on forest damage or losses, regulation of insurance rate of each forest health risk indicator, forest category, forest structure, forest industry structure adjustment and forest health management policy. It was believed that this research was significant for the sustainable development of forest health and could provide efficient methods for management of future forest resources.

To improve the quality of vineyard soil and realize the stable development of grape industry in Jurong, a tracking investigation was conducted to analyze samples of different soil layers from eight vineyards during 2012 to 2016. The results showed that the content of soil organic matter at 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layer was 1.58% and 1.02% in 2012, respectively, and after four years’grape production, the content of soil organic matter at 0-20 cm soil layer was only 1.12%. Improper farming methods and unreasonable fertilization led to a quarter decrease of soil organic matter at 0-20 cm soil layer during the four years. Soil is the survival carrier of crops and organic matter is the core of soil activity, human beings affect soil quality by the regulation of soil organic matter. To increase soil organic matter content and improve healthy soil ecosystem are essential to the sustainable development of grape production. The cultivation of grass and utilization of straw are both sustainable and ecological methods for soil cultivation, which form the most effective development direction.

Affected by factors such as input of agricultural materials, solid waste dumping, sewage irrigation and atmospheric deposition, problems such as farmland soil degradation and agricultural product safety are becoming more and more serious. Heavy metal pollution seriously threatens human health through the food chain and has become one of the key issues in the field of agricultural environment in China. According to the status quo of heavy metal pollution in farmland in China, from the perspective of the organic and inorganic passive materials and soil passivation health technology, we analyzed the health restoration technology of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil, and proposed the main key bottlenecks in the current soil remediation of heavy metals in farmland, and looked forward to the development trend from organic and inorganic combined with passivation, green agricultural input, and soil quality improvement, which could provide a theoretical and technical basis for ecological control of soil heavy metal stress, the recycling of farmland waste and sustainable development of soil health.

With the development of information age, constant changes underwent in all walks of life. In addition to book service, library should also provide health information service for the users to give full play of its role. library must adapt to the development pace of the times, and improve hardware environment, and then update service mode to establish user-oriented service, allowing users to participate in the construction of library. This paper first elaborated the element analysis of public library’s health information service, and then analyzed the characteristics of user-oriented service, and finally put forward the strategy to build the health information service mode with user-oriented, so as to promote the long-term development of library.