PDF(2063 KB)
Regulation Effect of Biochar on Bacterial Community in Cotton Field Soil under Saline Water Drip Irrigation
YEYang, XIANGGuiqin, GUOXiaowen, MINWei, GUOHuijuan
PDF(2063 KB)
PDF(2063 KB)
Regulation Effect of Biochar on Bacterial Community in Cotton Field Soil under Saline Water Drip Irrigation
To explore the regulation effects of biochar application on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities in cotton field soil under long-term saline water irrigation, based on long-term saline water (8.04 dS/m) irrigation, three treatments were set up for field positioning experiments: no nitrogen fertilizer application (N0), nitrogen fertilizer treatment (N360) and biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer treatment (BC). Determination of soil bacterial community composition was conducted by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with N0 treatment, N360 treatment significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and total nitrogen, but significantly decreased soil pH and available phosphorus content; BC treatment significantly increased soil water content, electrical conductivity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available potassium content. Compared with N0 treatment, N360 and BC decreased the Shannon and Simpson indices of bacterial communities, while N360 treatment increased the Chao 1 and ACE indices. The dominant bacteria at phylum level were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota; the dominant bacteria at genus level were Nitrosospira, RB41 and Sphingomonas. N360 treatment increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Firmicutes, but decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota and Thermoplasmatota; BC treatment increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Nitrospirota and Chloroflexi, while decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota. LEfSe analysis showed that both N360 and BC treatments reduced the number of potential biomarkers of bacteria. The RDA results showed a significant correlation between soil bacterial community structure and soil total nitrogen and available potassium content. Nitrogen fertilizer and Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer can regulate soil physicochemical properties, thus regulating soil bacterial community structure, which can form dominant species to adapt to salt environment.
saline water irrigation / biochar / nitrogen fertilizer / cotton field soil / bacterial community {{custom_keyword}} /
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李明, 毕江涛, 王静. 宁夏不同地区盐碱化土壤细菌群落多样性分布特征及其影响因子[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(4):1316-1330.
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郭晓雯, 杜思垚, 王芳霞, 等. 长期咸水滴灌对棉田土壤细菌和真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(12):2909-2923.
【目的】 研究长期咸水灌溉对棉田土壤理化性质、细菌和真菌群落结构多样性的影响。【方法】 设3个灌溉水盐度处理为0.35、4.61和8.04 dS/m,分别代表淡水、微咸水、咸水3种灌溉水质,采用高通量测序法测定土壤中细菌和真菌群落结构多样性。【结果】 与淡水灌溉相比,微咸水和咸水灌溉显著提高了土壤盐分和土壤容重,但降低了土壤pH、有机质和全氮含量。微咸水和咸水灌溉显著增加细菌OTUs,而咸水灌溉显著降低真菌OTUs。咸水灌溉显著增加细菌Chao1和ACE指数,降低Shannon指数,降低真菌Chao1和ACE 指数,增加Simpson指数。微咸水和咸水灌溉显著降低细菌RB41、H16、Haliangium、硝化螺旋菌属、溶杆菌属、苔藓杆菌属、酸杆菌属和真菌被孢霉属、粉褶菌属、Tetracladium的相对丰度,但显著增加细菌鞘脂单胞菌属、芽单胞菌属、Gaiella、Ilumatobacter、Solirubrobacter、Nocardioides和真菌弯孢菌属、球腔菌属的相对丰度。随着灌溉水盐度的增加,细菌群落潜在生物标志物的数量逐渐减少,为4个、2个和1个,真菌群落潜在生物标志物数量在微咸水灌溉最高12个,咸水灌溉最低5个。细菌群落结构的改变与土壤含水量,容重和盐度的变化密切相关,而真菌群落结构的改变仅与土壤含水量显著相关。【结论】 盐分是驱动土壤细菌和真菌群落组成变化的主要因素。土壤细菌和真菌群落通过调节物种组成来适应盐胁迫,不同灌溉水盐度胁迫下土壤细菌和真菌群落会形成显著差异的物种。
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付博阳, 张钧浩, 杨明晓, 等. 追氮时期对强筋小麦根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 河北农业大学学报, 2022, 45(3):1-8.
土壤中氮素状况是导致土壤微生物多样性和群落结构变化的主要因素之一，为探究不同追氮时期对小麦根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响，于2017—2020年进行大田试验，设置了不施氮(N0)、基施氮+拔节期追氮(NE)、基施氮+拔节期追氮+孕穗期追氮(NB)、基施氮+拔节期追氮+抽穗期追氮(NH)、基施氮+拔节期追氮+开花期追氮(NF)5个处理，利用高通量测序技术对小麦根际土壤微生物群落结构变化进行分析。结果表明：与不施氮处理相比，氮肥施用降低了土壤细菌群落α-多样性，而对真菌群落α-多样性无明显影响；不同追氮时期各处理间微生物群落Sobs值、Shannon指数、Simpson指数、ACE指数和Chao 1指数均无显著差异。此外，施氮使土壤中绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)的相对丰度降低，并提高了土壤中赤霉菌属(Gibberella)、帚枝霉属(Sarocladium)和链格孢属(Alternaria)的相对丰度；与无后期追氮处理相比，开花期追氮处理的疣微菌门的相对丰度显著降低56.9%。此外，追氮时期对小麦根际真菌群落结构无明显影响。因此，追氮时期对强筋小麦土壤微生物多样性没有显著影响，开花期追氮较无后期追氮处理降低了抗生素合成相关的疣微菌门相对丰度。
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丁凯, 张毓婷, 张俊红, 等. 不同密度杉木林对林下植被和土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(1):62-73.
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Continuous cropping of tomato is increasingly practiced in greenhouse cultivation, leading to several soil-related obstacles. In this study, a type of microbial restoration substrate (MRS) was used to amend soils from the re-cropping of tomato for 8 years under greenhouse-cultivated conditions. Two treatments were established: using 1,500 kg hm of MRS to amend soil as treatment (TR), and non-MRS as control (CK). The severity of bacterial wilt (BW), soil properties and rhizobacterial community composition under two different treatments were compared. The application of MRS led to an average 83.75% reduction in the severity of BW, and significantly increased the plant height, root activity and yield. Meanwhile, soil pH, soil organic contents (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and exchangeable calcium were significantly increased (P < 0.05) by MRS treatment. Illumina-MiSeq sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA genes revealed that MRS increased the diversity of the tomato rhizobacterial community. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were enhanced, whereas those of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, TM7 and Firmicutes were decreased by MRS. The redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the severity of tomato BW was negatively correlated with the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, but positively correlated with those of Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria. In addition, the effects of MRS on rhizobacterial metabolic potentials were predicted using a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, implying that MRS could significantly increase nitrogen metabolisms and reduce carbon metabolism. Together, our results indicated that the use of MRS could reestablish soil microbial communities, which was beneficial to plant health compared with the control.
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向君亮, 刘权, 申永瑞, 等. 松嫩草原盐碱土细菌多样性分析[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2020, 38(2):62-68.
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杨阳, 章妮, 蒋莉莉, 等. 青海湖高寒草地土壤理化性质及微生物群落特征对模拟降水的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(5):1043-1052.
为探究高寒草地生态系统特征对降水变化的响应，本研究以青海湖鸟岛高寒草地生态系统为研究对象，通过设置减少50%降水（NJ）、增加50%降水（NZ）试验处理和对照（NCK）3组不同降水条件，探究土壤理化因子及微生物群落对不同降水梯度的响应特征。研究结果表明：NJ，NZ处理均增加了细菌群落的丰富度降低了其多样性；NJ处理增加真菌群落的丰富度降低了其多样性，NZ处理增加了真菌群落的多样性降低了其丰富度；NJ处理增加了细菌和真菌群落的相对丰度，NZ处理降低了真菌群落相对丰度增加了细菌群落相对丰度；NZ，NJ处理下土壤温湿度及生物量变化差异显著，土壤硝态氮（NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N）、铵态氮（NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N）及全碳含量变化显著；土壤环境因子对土壤微生物群落组成与多样性具有显著影响。综上，土壤理化性质及微生物群落对降水变化的响应明显，真菌对降水处理的响应比细菌更为敏感。
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The soil actinobacteria Rhodococcus rhodochrous PA-34, Rhodococcus sp. NDB 1165 and Nocardia globerula NHB-2 grown in the presence of isobutyronitrile exhibited nitrilase activities towards benzonitrile (approx. 1.1-1.9 U mg(-1) dry cell weight). The resting cell suspensions eliminated benzonitrile and the benzonitrile analogues chloroxynil (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) and ioxynil (3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) (0.5 mM each) from reaction mixtures at 30 degrees C and pH 8.0. The products were isolated and identified as the corresponding substituted benzoic acids. The reaction rates decreased in the order benzonitrile >> chloroxynil > bromoxynil > ioxynil in all strains. Depending on the strain, 92-100, 70-90 and 30-51% of chloroxynil, bromoxynil and ioxynil, respectively, was hydrolyzed after 5 h. After a 20-h incubation, almost full conversion of chloroxynil and bromoxynil was observed in all strains, while only about 60% of the added ioxynil was converted into carboxylic acid. The product of ioxynil was not metabolized any further, and those of the other two herbicides very slowly. None of the nitrilase-producing strains hydrolyzed dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile). 3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid exhibited less inhibitory effect than bromoxynil both on luminescent bacteria and germinating seeds of Lactuca sativa. 3,5-Diiodo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid only exhibited lower toxicity than ioxynil in the latter test.
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张翰林, 白娜玲, 郑宪清, 等. 秸秆还田与施肥方式对稻麦轮作土壤细菌和真菌群落结构与多样性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(3):531-539.
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