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Flowering Characteristics and Dynamic Observation of Three Varieties of Fraxinus
YAN Liping, LIU Cuilan, WANG Yinhua, LI Li, LIU Rong, WU Dejun
Flowering Characteristics and Dynamic Observation of Three Varieties of Fraxinus
The objective of this paper is to study the flower morphological structure and flowering characteristics of Fraxinus, and to provide a theoretical basis for its pollination and fertilization. In this paper, three varieties of Fraxinus (‘Lu la No.2’, ‘Lu la No.5’ and ‘Jinjian’) were selected to observe their flowering characteristics and morphological structure of flower. The results show that the flowering period of male plants of Fraxinus is 11-13 days, which is 13-15 days earlier than that of female plants. The flowering period of the female plants of ‘Lu la No. 2’ is only 5-6 days. The small flowers of the 3 Fraxinus varieties are dense without corolla. Their bracts become 2 lobes after flowering, and the calyx is bell-shaped with 4 deep lobes. The male flowers reveal boat-shaped anthers and extremely short filaments accompanying their blooming. The female flower reveals the pistils after its bracts are cracked and its stigma is split into two at maturity and becomes pink, and its peduncle is extremely short. Shield hairs are observed on the bracts and calyx surface of the three Fraxinus varieties under scanning electron microscope, and the morphology of shield hairs differs between different varieties. The anther and pollen structure are not significantly different between ‘Jinjian’ and ‘Lu la No.5’. There are significantly irregular folds on the entire pistil surface of ‘Lu la No.2’. The study lays a foundation for further research on the breeding of Fraxinus and the innovative utilization of Fraxinus germplasm resources.
Fraxinus / flower organ / flowering characteristics / scanning electron microscope {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 3个白蜡品种开花物候期观察 |
品种 | 性别 | 初花期(月.日) | 盛花期(月.日) | 末花期(月.日) | 谢花期(月.日) | 花期/d | 单花序花期/d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
金箭 | 雄 | 3.28 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.3—4.7 | 11 | 3 |
鲁蜡5号 | 雄 | 3.26 | 3.31 | 4.3 | 4.1—4.8 | 13 | 4 |
鲁蜡2号 | 雌 | 4.1 | 4.12 | 4.13 | 4.13—4.15 | 6 | 2 |
图1 ‘金箭’花序发育过程A.雄花序生长状态示意图,B.伞房花序,C.苞片外侧与内侧,D.花萼外侧与内侧,E.花药开裂散粉图,F.花药发育动态变化过程;a为花序,b为苞片,c为花萼,d为叶芽 |
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