Zamacra excavata Dyar is a medium-sized moth which can cause the outbreak of leaf eating hazards. In order to effectively control its invasion, it is important to study in detail its proliferation, occurrence and development process, biological behavior and control strategy. With many years of multi-place observation and laboratory verification, the life history of the moth from eclosion, oviposition, hatching, pupation to dormancy, as well as oversummering and overwintering were systematically investigated, and the biological characteristics of each stage were observed and obtained in a careful manner. The results show that the moths strongly adhere to the roots of trees as cocoon pupae, and fully develop into adults in pupa for overwintering. In the middle and late of March, adult moths unearth after eclosion in Changji of northern Xinjiang. It is estimated that the ratio of female to male moth is about 5:1. The females lay a large number of eggs, and the hatching rate is up to 95%. The appetite of the 3rd-5th instar larvae surges dramatically, feeding day and night, causing serious harm. Strengthening inspection and quarantine, winter irrigation, wrapping the tree trunk with adhesive tape and controlling the 1st and 2nd instar larvae with medication can reduce the hazard and achieve better control effect. The moth is an insect with concentrated eclosion, high oviposition and hatching rate, and its outbreak can cause serious damage. Strict inspection and quarantine, early detection, timely control, killing pupae in winter and blocking the moth from attaching to the trees are important methods for the comprehensive control of the hazard.