
Frozen Soil Characteristics and Forecasting of Ground Temperature and Frozen Soil Depth During Thawing Period in Shihezi of Xinjiang
WANG Xiaotian, YIN Yuhong, LI Hongying, GAO Yu, XU Haoyi
Frozen Soil Characteristics and Forecasting of Ground Temperature and Frozen Soil Depth During Thawing Period in Shihezi of Xinjiang
To ensure the sowing in spring, it is necessary to carry out the monitoring of ground temperature and the forecasting of frozen soil thawing depth. The meteorological observation data of frozen soil from Shihezi of Xinjiang were utilized and relevant coefficient and linear regression methods were applied to analyze the frozen soil characteristics and the change rule of ground temperature and frozen soil depth in the thawing process, aiming to establish a forecasting model of frozen soil thawing in spring. The results indicate that the stable frozen soil period of Shihezi lasts from the middle ten days of November to the last ten days of March of the next year. The maximum depth of frozen soil tends to become shallow year by year, with the inclination rate of -5.4 cm/10 a; the freezing date of frozen soil is postponed, and the inclination rate is 2.0 d/10 a; the unfreezing date of frozen soil becomes earlier, and the inclination rate is -1.5 d/10 a. The thawing period of frozen soil lasts from the middle ten days of March to the first ten days of April, and the thawing rate of frozen soil is between 3.1-4.0 cm/d. The ground temperature in spring has significantly positive correlations with average temperature, thawing depth of frozen soil and cumulative positive temperature, and the corresponding forecasting models are established. Historical back substitution accuracy rate of the forecasting model of 10 cm ground temperature is over 96%, and historical back substitution accuracy rate of thawing depth forecasting model of frozen soil is over 94%. The forecasting of ground temperature and soil thawing in spring could be carried out through the models.
frozen soil in Xinjiang / ground temperature during sowing period / characteristics of frozen soil / forecasting model of frozen soil thawing / thawing of frozen soil in spring {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 土壤样品的微生物多样性指数 |
Sample | Sobs | Shannon | Simpson | Ace | Chao1 | Coverage/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 | 1921.0±136.7a | 6.2±0.1a | 0.007±0.002a | 2242.7±127.3a | 2249.3±118.3a | 98±0.00a |
处理 | 1646.3±61.78b | 5.8±0.12b | 0.012±0.003a | 1906.1±66.1b | 1923.7±92.2b | 98±0.00a |
表2 土壤细菌群落功能丰度表 |
一级功能 | 二级功能 | C | 百分比/% | T | 百分比/% | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolism | Amino Acid Metabolism | 2854091 | 10.47 | 2331140 | 10.18 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Carbohydrate Metabolism | 2670399 | 9.80 | 2206482 | 9.64 | |||||||||
Environmental Information Processing | Membrane Transport | 2604045 | 9.56 | 2383110 | 10.41 | |||||||||
Genetic Information Processing | Replication and Repair | 2021780 | 7.42 | 1708886 | 7.46 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Energy Metabolism | 1804503 | 6.62 | 1491229 | 6.51 | |||||||||
Unclassified | Poorly Characterized | 1398465 | 5.13 | 1172485 | 5.12 | |||||||||
Genetic Information Processing | Translation | 1301802 | 4.78 | 1122984 | 4.90 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Metabolism of Cofactors and Vitamins | 1245312 | 4.57 | 1025830 | 4.48 | |||||||||
Unclassified | Cellular Processes and Signaling | 1034875 | 3.80 | 871649 | 3.81 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Lipid Metabolism | 984298 | 3.61 | 804376 | 3.51 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Nucleotide Metabolism | 925572 | 3.40 | 774079 | 3.38 | |||||||||
Cellular Processes | Cell Motility | 911201 | 3.34 | 863550 | 3.77 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Xenobiotics Biodegradation and Metabolism | 778081 | 2.86 | 593932 | 2.59 | |||||||||
Unclassified | Genetic Information Processing | 735318 | 2.70 | 615411 | 2.69 | |||||||||
Genetic Information Processing | Folding, Sorting and Degradation | 708558 | 2.60 | 616715 | 2.69 | |||||||||
Unclassified | Metabolism | 700475 | 2.57 | 570276 | 2.49 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Glycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism | 627282 | 2.30 | 536108 | 2.34 | |||||||||
Environmental Information Processing | Signal Transduction | 617938 | 2.27 | 531786 | 2.32 | |||||||||
Genetic Information Processing | Transcription | 605085 | 2.22 | 496863 | 2.17 | |||||||||
一级功能 | 二级功能 | C | 百分比/% | T | 百分比/% | |||||||||
Metabolism | Metabolism of Terpenoids and Polyketides | 580423 | 2.13 | 467502 | 2.04 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Enzyme Families | 552628 | 2.03 | 462769 | 2.02 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Metabolism of Other Amino Acids | 499610 | 1.83 | 390798 | 1.71 | |||||||||
Metabolism | Biosynthesis of Other Secondary Metabolites | 279783 | 1.03 | 227262 | 0.99 | |||||||||
Cellular Processes | Cell Growth and Death | 162926 | 0.60 | 131388 | 0.57 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Infectious Diseases | 116452 | 0.43 | 90288 | 0.39 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Endocrine System | 109991 | 0.40 | 90806 | 0.40 | |||||||||
Cellular Processes | Transport and Catabolism | 89898 | 0.33 | 70245 | 0.31 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Neurodegenerative Diseases | 86995 | 0.32 | 68964 | 0.30 | |||||||||
Environmental Information Processing | Signaling Molecules and Interaction | 46054 | 0.17 | 34673 | 0.15 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Environmental Adaptation | 40935 | 0.15 | 35208 | 0.15 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Cancers | 40283 | 0.15 | 26719 | 0.12 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Metabolic Diseases | 23895 | 0.09 | 18772 | 0.08 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Nervous System | 22358 | 0.08 | 17221 | 0.08 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Immune System | 15163 | 0.06 | 12411 | 0.05 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Digestive System | 13605 | 0.05 | 8702 | 0.04 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Circulatory System | 11550 | 0.04 | 10397 | 0.05 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Immune System Diseases | 10862 | 0.04 | 7727 | 0.03 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Excretory System | 10817 | 0.04 | 8228 | 0.04 | |||||||||
Human Diseases | Cardiovascular Diseases | 4608 | 0.02 | 1683 | 0.01 | |||||||||
Cellular Processes | Cell Communication | 54 | 0.00 | 36 | 0.00 | |||||||||
Organismal Systems | Sensory System | 18 | 0.00 | 12 | 0.00 |
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