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Comparison of Muscle Nutritional Components of Micropterus salmoides from 2 Populations Under Different Culture Modes
SONG Limin, JIANG Jufeng, WANG Yu, XU Xiaoli, DING Ziyuan, HAO Jun, XU Lintong
Comparison of Muscle Nutritional Components of Micropterus salmoides from 2 Populations Under Different Culture Modes
In order to evaluate the effects of different culture modes on muscle nutritional components of Micropterus salmoides from 2 genetic background populations comprehensively, and to optimize breeding combination and guide consumption, 2 progeny populations of Micropterus salmoides were selected as experimental materials, combined with 2 breeding modes, and then 4 experimental groups were set up. After 8 months of culture, the nutritional components in the back muscle of M. salmoides of each experimental group were detected and analyzed according to the national standard method. The results showed that, the muscle water content of group C was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05), and the crude protein content of group C was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). ΣTAA, ΣEAA, ΣNEAA, ΣHEAA, ΣDAA and ΣEAA/ΣNEAA of group B were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ΣEAA/ΣTAA values among group B, C and D (P>0.05), but the ΣEAA/ΣTAA value of group B was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ΣDAA/ΣTAA values among all the groups (P>0.05). The content data of 16 fatty acids, 13 fatty acids, 13 fatty acids and 12 fatty acids were obtained from group A, B, C and D respectively; the contents of SFA, MUFA, EPA+DHA, PUFA, UPA and FA in group B were significantly higher than those in other experimental groups (P<0.05), only UFA/SFA in group B was significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group B and A (P>0.05). The content of K was the highest among the four macroelements detected in the experimental groups, in addition, it was significantly higher in group B (4239.33 mg/kg) than that in other groups (P<0.05); the content of Na was second only to that of K, and it was significantly lower in group B (306.87 mg/kg) than that in other groups (P<0.05). In summary, the experiment showed that the fish products obtained from the YL3 breeding in flume recirculating aquaculture mode had a certain advantage of protein accumulation; the fish products obtained from the TL breeding in traditional pond mode had higher content of amino acids and fatty acids, and relatively high ratio of K/Na.
Micropterus salmoides / aquaculture mode / common nutritional components / amino acids / fatty acids / mineral elements {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 实验分组养殖情况 |
组别 | 遗传 背景 | 养殖环境 | 放养密度/ (ind/m3) | 养殖水源 | 温度/ ℃ | 投饵方式 | 样本重量/ g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | YL3 | 2667 m2传统池塘 | 1.87 | 天津八米河河水 | 18~32 | 早晚2次八成饱投喂 | 497.70±107.32 |
B | TL | 1.87 | |||||
C | YL3 | 20000 m2池塘内置4个100 m2循环水槽 | 15.00 | ||||
D | TL | 15.00 |
表2 实验饲料情况 |
产地 | 粗蛋白 | 粗脂肪 | 粗纤维 | 粗灰分 | 水分 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
厦门 | ≥48.0% | ≥6.0% | ≤4.0% | ≤16.0% | ≤12.0% |
表3 不同实验群体大口黑鲈肌肉常规营养成分含量(鲜样) % |
项目 | A | B | C | D |
---|---|---|---|---|
水分 | 77.00±1.50a | 76.10±0.60a | 70.57±0.55b | 76.70±0.90a |
粗蛋白 | 19.70±0.20c | 20.20±0.20b | 20.80±0.20a | 19.17±0.15d |
粗脂肪 | 2.23±0.06b | 2.50±0.10a | 2.60±0.10a | 1.83±0.06c |
灰分 | 1.10±0.01b | 1.18±0.02a | 1.17±0.03a | 1.17±0.03a |
注:表中同行字母不同,表示差异显著(P<0.05)。下同 |
表4 不同实验群体大口黑鲈肌肉氨基酸含量(鲜样) % |
类别 | 氨基酸种类 | 氨基酸含量 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | |||
EAA | Ile | 0.70±0.01c | 0.84±0.01a | 0.81±0.01b | 0.82±0.01b | |
Leu | 1.29±0.00d | 1.45±0.02a | 1.42±0.01b | 1.39±0.01c | ||
Lys | 1.53±0.00d | 1.74±0.02a | 1.70±0.02b | 1.66±0.02c | ||
Thr | 0.75±0.00c | 0.81±0.01a | 0.80±0.01b | 0.80±0.01b | ||
Val | 0.76±0.01c | 0.91±0.01a | 0.88±0.01b | 0.88±0.00b | ||
Met | 0.48±0.00c | 0.63±0.01a | 0.35±0.00d | 0.50±0.00b | ||
Phe | 0.69±0.00c | 0.80±0.01a | 0.81±0.01a | 0.78±0.01b | ||
HEAA | His | 0.41±0.00b | 0.46±0.01a | 0.46±0.01a | 0.46±0.01a | |
Arg | 0.95±0.00c | 1.07±0.01a | 0.94±0.01c | 1.01±0.01b | ||
NEAA | Asp | 1.68±0.00c | 1.88±0.03a | 1.86±0.02ab | 1.84±0.02b | |
Glu | 2.38±0.01c | 2.58±0.03a | 2.51±0.02b | 2.52±0.02b | ||
Gly | 0.77±0.00d | 0.90±0.02a | 0.82±0.01c | 0.86±0.01b | ||
Ala | 1.03±0.00c | 1.22±0.03a | 1.14±0.02b | 1.14±0.01b | ||
Ser | 0.66±0.01b | 0.65±0.01b | 0.62±0.01c | 0.68±0.01a | ||
Pro | 0.60±0.00c | 0.66±0.01a | 0.63±0.00b | 0.62±0.01b | ||
Tyr | 0.56±0.01b | 0.60±0.01a | 0.55±0.01bc | 0.54±0.01c | ||
其他指标 | ΣTAA | 15.23±0.03c | 17.21±0.23a | 16.29±0.14b | 16.49±0.12b | |
ΣEAA | 6.20±0.01c | 7.18±0.09a | 6.67±0.06b | 6.83±0.05b | ||
ƩNEAA | 7.67±0.02c | 8.49±0.13a | 8.13±0.08b | 8.19±0.06b | ||
ΣHEAA | 1.36±0.00d | 1.53±0.02a | 1.40±0.01c | 1.47±0.02b | ||
ΣDAA | 5.86±0.01c | 6.58±0.10a | 6.33±0.06b | 6.36±0.05b | ||
ΣEAA/ΣTAA | 40.70±0.02b | 41.73±0.55a | 41.49±0.62ab | 41.41±0.51ab | ||
ΣEAA/ΣNEAA | 80.80±0.10c | 84.54±0.19a | 83.12±0.16b | 83.32±0.07b | ||
ΣDAA /ΣTAA | 38.47±0.02 | 38.26±0.56 | 38.85±0.60 | 38.56±0.49 |
注:ΣTAA表示氨基酸总和;ΣEAA表示必需氨基酸总和;ƩNEAA表示非必需氨基酸总和;ΣHEAA表示半必需氨基酸之和;ΣDAA表示鲜味需氨基酸总和,其包括谷氨酸、甘氨酸、天门冬氨酸和丙氨酸。 |
表5 不同实验群体大口黑鲈肌肉脂肪酸含量(鲜样) mg/g |
脂肪酸种类 | 脂肪酸含量 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | |
C14:0 | 0.50±0.00b | 0.62±0.01a | 0.29±0.00c | 0.28±0.00c |
C15:0 | 0.06±0.00b | 0.07±0.00a | 0.03±0.00c | - |
C16:0 | 4.25±0.01b | 4.85±0.03a | 2.93±0.01c | 2.80±0.02d |
C18:0 | 0.67±0.00b | 0.74±0.01a | 0.50±0.00c | 0.50±0.00c |
C20:0 | 0.02±0.02 | - | - | - |
ΣSFA | 5.49±0.02b | 6.27±0.05a | 3.76±0.01c | 3.57±0.02d |
C16:1n7 | 1.02±0.01b | 1.15±0.01a | 0.66±0.00c | 0.59±0.00d |
C18:1n9c | 5.22±0.02b | 5.91±0.03a | 3.57±0.01c | 3.30±0.02d |
C20:1 | 0.21±0.00b | 0.24±0.00a | 0.13±0.00c | 0.13±0.00c |
C22:1n9 | 0.04±0.00 | - | - | - |
C24:1n9 | 0.03±0.00 | - | - | - |
ΣMUFA | 6.52±0.03b | 7.29±0.04a | 4.37±0.02c | 4.01±0.02d |
C18:2n6c | 4.03±0.01b | 4.92±0.04a | 2.61±0.01c | 2.55±0.02d |
C18:3n3 | 0.40±0.00b | 0.50±0.00a | 0.25±0.00c | 0.25±0.00c |
C20:2 | 0.06±0.00a | 0.06±0.00a | 0.04±0.00b | 0.04±0.00b |
C20:4n6 | 0.13±0.00b | 0.14±0.00a | 0.13±0.00b | 0.11±0.00c |
EPA C20:5n3 | 0.39±0.00b | 0.47±0.01a | 0.32±0.00c | 0.28±0.01d |
DHA C22:6n3 | 2.64±0.01b | 2.86±0.02a | 2.28±0.01c | 2.10±0.02d |
EPA+DHA | 3.03±0.01b | 3.32±0.02a | 2.60±0.01c | 2.38±0.01d |
ΣPUFA | 7.66±0.02b | 8.95±0.07a | 5.62±0.02c | 5.33±0.05d |
ΣUPA | 14.18±0.04b | 16.24±0.10a | 9.99±0.04c | 9.34±0.05d |
UFA/SFA | 2.58±0.01c | 2.59±0.02c | 2.66±0.01a | 2.61±0.02b |
FA | 19.67±0.05b | 22.51±0.15a | 13.75±0.05c | 12.92±0.07d |
注:ΣSFA表示饱和脂肪酸总量;ΣMUFA表示单不饱和脂肪酸总量;ΣPUFA表示多不饱和脂肪酸总量;ΣUPA表示不饱和脂肪酸总量;FA表示脂肪酸总量。 |
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