In order to study the suitable fertilizer application mode of double- season early rice with mechanical transplanting in Jianghuai Region, a split plot experiment in field was conducted to investigate the effect of three fertilizer application modes (local farmer conventional fertilization, the high-yielding fertilization and controlled release fertilizer fertilization) on yield components, bladeSPAD value, leaf area index (LAI ), dry weight and tiller dynamic of early rice‘Zhefu 203’. The results showed that the average real yield of the three fertilizer modes reached 8201.7 kg/hm2, and the productive ear per hole, productive ear per hectare and theoretical yield of the high-yielding fertilization and controlled release fertilizer fertilization were significantly higher than that of local farmer conventional fertilization, while the thousand grain weight was significantly In order to study the suitable fertilizer application mode of double- season early rice with mechanical transplanting in Jianghuai Region, a split plot experiment in field was conducted to investigate the effect of three fertilizer application modes (local farmer conventional fertilization, the high-yielding fertilization and controlled release fertilizer fertilization) on yield components, bladeSPAD value, leaf area index (LAI ), dry weight and tiller dynamic of early rice‘Zhefu 203’. The results showed that the average real yield of the three fertilizer modes reached 8201.7 kg/hm2, and the productive ear per hole, productive ear per hectare and theoretical yield of the high-yielding fertilization and controlled release fertilizer fertilization were significantly higher than that of local farmer conventional fertilization, while thehousand grain weight was significantly lower than that of local farmer conventional fertilization. The high-yielding fertilization mode could improve the population structure of mechanized transplanted early rice, reduce the ineffective tillers based on appropriate panicles, increase ear-bearing tiller percentage, slow down the decline rate ofLAI in late growth, promote the dry matter accumulation and transportation in major organs in middle and late growth stage, improve the photosynthetic rate of rice population, increase the total population biology and thus increase high production. The high- yielding fertilization mode could be used as an appropriate fertilization mode of mechanical transplanted double-season early rice in Jianghuai Region, and the improvement of controlled release fertilizer fertilization mode could also become a choice.