To investigate the variation of the drought tolerance and the root vigor of the wheat during the germination, which were breed in different ages in Huang-Huai area, 12 wheat were chosen to test the drought tolerance and the root vigor and based on the GB/T 21127-2007 wheat drought evaluation technical specification. Results showed that, the trend of the drought- tolerance like a saddle. The root vigor of the materials treated with PEG-6000, from 1950s to today, showed up trend, however root vigor of these untreated with PEG-6000 were no divergence distinctly. It suggested that, there was a positive relation between the drought tolerance and the root vigor.