The disaster body, environment and ability of anti-disaster ability are the major factors of influencing meteorological disaster degree of damage if the disaster intension keeps unvarying. In order to confirm distribution characteristics of winter wheat drought vulnerability in Anhui province, and adopt corresponding solutions, the agriculture drought of winter wheat was chosen for research. The density of winter wheat, yield level, soil character, DEM, DEM standard deviation, rate of tree cover, network of rivers, effective irrigation areas, ensure stable yields despite drought or excessive rain area and average GDP were chosen for analysis index of disaster vulnerability. The hierarchy analysis was used to define weight coefficient. The drought vulnerability of winter wheat in Anhui Province was analyzed by using GIS space analysis function. Therefore the distribution map of drought vulnerability was created. The results showed that: the drought vulnerability of winter wheat was obvious in south and north in Anhui Province. Along the winter wheat production of Huaibei area was vulnerability of agriculture drought. Network of rivers, soil character, rate of tree cover and ensure stable yield despite drought or excessive rain area were major influence for agriculture drought. The measurements of anti-drought ability of winter wheat in production area should improve, decreased winter wheat agriculture drought vulnerability along Huaihe River, improving winter wheat high and stable yields level in Anhui Province.