In order to select high-yielding varieties for planting in Jiangxi Province, with 19 cassava varieties or strains as materials, an experiment had study on the difference among the yield and its relationship with cassava shape characteristic. The results showed that: fresh root yield of five varieties was more than 37.5 tons per hm2, that of six varieties was between 30 to 37.5 tons per hm2, that of four varieties was between 22.5 to 30 tons per hm2 and that of four varieties was less than 22.5 tons per hm2. Among 19 cassava varieties, the fresh root yield of seven varieties was more than that of SC205, SC8 and GR024-2 were high in the fresh root yield and fresh root starch content. Fresh root production of cassava was obviously positive correlation with biomass, harvest index and the largest root in rough and was significant negative correlation with the rate of root dry matter, but had less relation with roots per plant, fresh root starch content, plant height, diameter of stem and the longest root in long.