In order to deeply understand the status of early mature seeding Lichi resource of Southwestern Guangxi, the authors conducted a field study and analyzed its botanical character. The results showed that it mainly distributed in Longzhou, Daxin and Tiandeng of Chongzuo, Jingxi, Debao, Tiandong and Tianyang of Baise, Dahua and Du’an of He chi, its average tree age was 69.6. The trees with tall and erect trunks, long inflorescence, oval leaves and hearted-shaped or oval fruit was significantly early matured in early or middle of May. Leaf, flower and fruit was multiplicity of morphological types, variation coefficient between 20.0% and 29.0% was 34.4%, between 10.0% and 19.0% was 46.9%. Early mature seedling litchi resource of southwestern Guangxi was abundant genetic diversity. However, its protection and utilization was not effective. So it should be enhance resource protection consciousness and study on the selection breeding to use it efficiently.