In Chinese traditional economic conditions, the peasants mainly depended on the traditional agricultural economy and the self-sufficiency small peasant economy was the character of the traditional agricultural society. Once the agricultural economy income did not support their families, then the peasants would consider about doing other occupations, and the behavior of concurrent-business being called part-time jobs. Because the Ming and Qing dynasties was in the late feudal society, there sprout the facts of the capitalism, and the period was in the social transition period, and the peasants’ behavior just reflected the character of the historical period. To understand the peasants’ doing other jobs correctly has some meanings for the construction of a socialist harmonious society and proper solution of the peasants’ problems nowadays.