The 20-years’ experimental data from Southern Wheat Group of Henan Regional Trial were used to study the evolution law of main agronomic traits of southern wheat varieties. The results showed that, with the postpone of released year of variety, the heading date and maturation stage moved up, the plant height reduced, whole growth period and the ear number/mu decreased, grain-filling period, the grain number per ear, 1000-kernal weight and grain yield per mu increased. The correlation analysis showed that the grain yield had significantly positive correlation with 1000-kernal weight and the grain number per ear , while had significantly negative correlation with maturation stage.which indicated that the improvement of grain yield was mainly due to the increase of 1000-kernal weight and grain number per ear .