
亚热带天然林地土壤磷素形态组成及空间分异特点研究
Forms and Spatial Distribution of Soil Phosphorus in Subtropical Natural Forest Land
为了解亚热带天然林地土壤磷素组成的空间分异特征,本研究以钱江源国家公园莲花山景区的天然林地为对象,分别采集坡顶、中坡(山腰)、坡脚等3个地形部位的上层土样(0~15、15~30 cm)和代表剖面的分层土壤样品,并且采集根际土壤,进而详细鉴定土壤磷素形态。结果表明:无论是上层土样还是剖面分层土壤分析结果均表明,研究区土壤有机碳、全磷、各形态的有机磷、Ca2-P、有效磷含量均呈现明显的表聚特征,随着土壤深度的增加逐渐降低。研究土壤无机磷的平均比例高于有机磷比例;有机磷占全磷的比例、活性有机磷和中度活性有机磷占有机磷的比例呈现坡脚>坡顶>中坡的规律,并且随着剖面深度的增加显著下降。林地土壤中的有机磷主要以中度活性有机磷和中稳性有机磷的形态存在;无机磷主要以闭蓄态磷(O-P)和Fe-P的形式存在。与对应土层的细土比较,根际土壤中含有较低的全磷、较低的pH,较高的有机碳、有效磷、有机磷比例、活性有机磷占有机磷的比例和Ca2-P占全磷的比例。各形态有机磷、Ca2-P、Al-P、有效磷含量与有机碳呈极显著相关。分析认为根系对深层土壤磷的吸收、枯叶返回地表及地表径流的迁移是造成天然林地土壤磷素空间差异的主要驱动因素。
To understand the spatial differentiation of soil P forms in the subtropical natural forest land, this study took the natural forest land of Lianhuashan scenic spot in the Qianjiangyuan National Park as the research object, both upper layer samples (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) and the horizontal samples of representative soil profiles located in three terrain positions, including the top of slope, middle slope (hillside), slope toe, and also rhizosphere soils at the foot of the slope, were collected to characterize P forms for understanding the relationship between soil P composition and topography. The analysis results of both upper soil sample and profile soil horizonal samples showed that the organic C, total P, total organic P and various forms of organic P, Ca2-P and available P had obvious surface enrichment characteristics, which gradually decreased with the soil depth. The averaged proportion of inorganic P in the total P was higher than that of organic P. The proportion of organic P to the total P and the proportions of both active and moderate active organic P to total organic P decreased in the order of slope toe > top > middle slope, and also decreased with the depth of the profile. The organic P in forest soil mainly existed in the medium active organic P and medium stable organic P, while inorganic P mainly existed in the occluded P (O-P) and Fe-P. Compared with the corresponding bulk soils, the rhizosphere soils contained lower total P and lower pH, the higher proportion of organic C, available P, proportion of organic P in the total P, proportion of active organic P in the organic P and proportion of Ca2-P in the total P. The contents of organic P, Ca2-P, Al-P and available P were significantly correlated with the contents of organic carbon. The results showed that the root uptake of P from deep soil, the return of dead leaves to the surface and migration of surface runoff were the main driving forces for the spatial differences of soil P in natural forest land.
天然林地 / 土壤 / 磷形态 / 垂直分布 / 地形部位 / 有机磷 {{custom_keyword}} /
natural forest land / soil / P form / vertical distribution / topography / organic P {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 不同地形部位上层土壤的性状和磷素组成(n=5) |
土层/ cm | 点位 | 容重/ (g/cm3) | 粘粒/ (g/kg) | pH | 有机碳/ (g/kg) | 全P/ (mg/kg) | 有效磷/ (mg/kg) | 有机磷/ % | 无机P/ % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~15 | 坡顶(细土) | 1.17±0.02 c | 216.60±5.86 bc | 5.49±0.05 a | 27.92±1.63 e | 641.60±22.59 c | 6.83±0.93 c | 41.41±2.15 e | 58.59±2.15 b |
中坡(细土) | 1.12±0.02 d | 182.20±13.29 c | 5.25±0.04 c | 32.73±2.14 d | 554.40±14.47 d | 5.53±0.59 c | 48.16±2.09 d | 51.84±2.09 c | |
坡脚(细土) | 0.87±0.02 e | 219.00±9.11 bc | 5.54±0.07 a | 50.68±2.49 b | 719.40±10.19 a | 7.21±0.78 b | 71.08±2.35 b | 28.92±2.35 e | |
坡脚(根际) | — | — | 5.34±0.04 b | 57.81±3.04 a | 656.00±5.52 b | 10.47±1.36 a | 75.61±1.30 a | 24.39±1.30 f | |
15~30 | 坡顶(细土) | 1.25±0.02 a | 235.60±7.44 ab | 5.30±0.03 b | 24.08±1.15 f | 530.80±17.31 d | 4.52±0.51 d | 36.29±1.54 f | 63.71±1.54 b |
中坡(细土) | 1.21±0.02 b | 189.20±8.87 c | 5.30±0.05 bc | 23.56±2.90 f | 528.20±9.23 d | 3.68±0.48 d | 32.68±1.66 g | 67.32±1.66 a | |
坡脚(细土) | 0.98±0.03 d | 222.00±10.22 b | 5.32±0.03 b | 43.15±1.62 c | 704.00±13.00 a | 5.45±0.58 c | 61.82±2.39 c | 38.18±2.39 d | |
坡脚(根际) | — | — | 5.24±0.04 c | 47.05±2.93 b | 635.80±6.10 b | 7.95±0.90 b | 64.93±1.84 c | 35.07±1.84 d |
注:同一土壤性状统计数据后英文字母不同者差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 |
表2 代表性剖面土壤性状和磷素组成垂直分布 |
点位 | 深度/cm | 容重/(g/cm3) | 粘粒/(g/kg) | pH | 有机碳/(g/kg) | 全磷/(mg/kg) | 有效磷/(mg/kg) | 有机磷/% | 无机P/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
坡顶 (细土) | 0~15 | 1.17 | 214 | 5.46 | 28.54 | 623 | 6.52 | 41.25 | 58.75 |
15~30 | 1.25 | 232 | 5.32 | 24.54 | 524 | 4.21 | 35.42 | 64.58 | |
30~45 | 1.31 | 265 | 5.28 | 13.54 | 446 | 2.18 | 26.54 | 73.46 | |
45~60 | 1.36 | 208 | 5.18 | 8.42 | 421 | 1.69 | 11.25 | 88.75 | |
60~75 | 1.39 | 187 | 5.21 | 6.52 | 489 | 1.25 | 8.56 | 91.44 | |
75~90 | 1.46 | 143 | 5.22 | 3.56 | 514 | 0.45 | 6.54 | 93.46 | |
中坡 (细土) | 0~15 | 1.11 | 178 | 5.23 | 32.41 | 553 | 5.24 | 48.52 | 51.48 |
15~30 | 1.21 | 184 | 5.32 | 21.48 | 523 | 3.52 | 32.54 | 67.46 | |
30~45 | 1.27 | 224 | 5.18 | 11.58 | 418 | 2.18 | 22.54 | 77.46 | |
45~60 | 1.26 | 235 | 5.24 | 7.54 | 387 | 1.23 | 15.65 | 84.35 | |
60~75 | 1.31 | 221 | 5.32 | 6.35 | 324 | 1.08 | 12.14 | 87.86 | |
75~90 | 1.46 | 164 | 5.42 | 4.25 | 447 | 1.12 | 8.65 | 91.35 | |
坡脚 (细土) | 0~15 | 0.86 | 218 | 5.54 | 51.24 | 713 | 7.25 | 71.24 | 28.76 |
15~30 | 0.98 | 221 | 5.32 | 42.18 | 708 | 5.32 | 62.51 | 37.49 | |
30~45 | 1.08 | 207 | 5.42 | 36.42 | 654 | 5.18 | 52.24 | 47.76 | |
45~60 | 1.21 | 231 | 5.48 | 31.25 | 587 | 4.32 | 35.24 | 64.76 | |
60~75 | 1.19 | 229 | 5.84 | 18.54 | 524 | 3.28 | 22.45 | 77.55 | |
75~90 | 1.34 | 237 | 5.96 | 11.14 | 438 | 2.54 | 19.65 | 80.35 | |
坡脚 (根际) | 0~15 | — | — | 5.36 | 58.64 | 657 | 10.25 | 75.64 | 24.36 |
15~30 | — | — | 5.24 | 47.85 | 642 | 7.56 | 65.48 | 34.52 | |
30~45 | — | — | 5.21 | 38.54 | 624 | 7.54 | 58.47 | 41.53 | |
45~60 | — | — | 5.28 | 35.47 | 534 | 6.52 | 42.65 | 57.35 | |
60~75 | — | — | 5.56 | 23.56 | 512 | 5.48 | 26.54 | 73.46 |
表3 不同部位上层土壤有机磷的含量与组成(n=5) |
土层/cm | 点位 | 活性有机磷 | 中度活性有机磷 | 中稳性有机磷 | 高稳性有机磷 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
各形态有机磷 含量/(mg/kg) | 0~15 | 坡顶(细土) | 26.22±2.56 d | 120.91±6.06 e | 92.08±11.34 c | 26.77±5.16 e |
中坡(细土) | 27.90±5.79 d | 145.83±10.53 d | 61.46±3.13 e | 32.02±6.37 d | ||
坡脚(细土) | 60.01±10.01 b | 261.12±19.70 a | 129.32±12.40 a | 60.93±7.01 a | ||
坡脚(根际) | 80.99±8.76 a | 239.46±15.93 b | 123.46±12.32 a | 52.04±4.70 b | ||
15~30 | 坡顶(细土) | 12.80±1.74 e | 95.46±3.77 f | 68.22±3.00 d | 16.05±2.22 f | |
中坡(细土) | 10.98±2.02 e | 74.83±4.01 g | 60.56±3.42 e | 26.17±3.09 e | ||
坡脚(细土) | 37.46±7.21 c | 231.72±29.39 bc | 110.66±3.75 b | 55.58±8.97 ab | ||
坡脚(根际) | 50.30±7.80 b | 202.65±14.92 c | 115.84±5.04 b | 44.11±5.76 c | ||
各形态有机磷 占有机磷/% | 0~15 | 坡顶(细土) | 9.87±0.71 de | 45.57±2.03 e | 34.53±1.46 a | 10.03±1.60 cd |
中坡(细土) | 10.36±1.45 cd | 54.60±2.23 a | 23.10±2.13 c | 11.94±1.88 bc | ||
坡脚(细土) | 11.72±1.69 bc | 51.10±3.95 ab | 25.27±2.01 c | 11.91±1.28 bc | ||
坡脚(根际) | 16.32±1.66 a | 48.31±3.65 b | 24.88±2.29 c | 10.49±0.87 c | ||
15~30 | 坡顶(细土) | 6.64±0.78 f | 49.59±1.20 b | 35.45±1.57 a | 8.33±1.01 d | |
中坡(细土) | 6.36±1.11 f | 43.38±1.59 e | 35.13±2.00 a | 15.13±1.19 a | ||
坡脚(细土) | 8.60±1.52 e | 53.09±4.48 ab | 25.47±1.57 c | 12.84±2.45 b | ||
坡脚(根际) | 12.14±1.46 b | 49.05±2.63 b | 28.10±1.82 b | 10.71±1.59 c |
表4 土壤有机磷的形态组成 |
点位 | 深度/cm | 有机磷/(mg/kg) | 活性有机磷/ (mg/kg,%) | 中度活性有机磷/ (mg/kg,%) | 中稳性有机磷/ (mg/kg,%) | 高稳性有机磷/ (mg/kg,%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
坡顶 (细土) | 0~15 | 256.99 | 25.39 (9.88) | 116.31 (45.26) | 88.94 (34.61) | 26.34 (10.25) | ||||||
15~30 | 185.60 | 12.21 (6.58) | 90.29 (48.65) | 66.45 (35.80) | 16.65 (8.97) | |||||||
30~45 | 118.37 | 5.01 (4.23) | 37.31 (31.52) | 60.37 (51.00) | 15.68 (13.25) | |||||||
45~60 | 47.36 | 1.22 (2.58) | 10.15 (21.42) | 23.85 (50.35) | 12.15 (25.65) | |||||||
60~75 | 41.86 | 0.51 (1.23) | 5.25 (12.54) | 21.21 (50.67) | 14.88 (35.56) | |||||||
75~90 | 33.62 | 1.09 (3.25) | 3.92 (11.65) | 14.75 (43.88) | 13.86 (41.22) | |||||||
中坡 (细土) | 0~15 | 268.32 | 28.28 (10.54) | 142.85 (53.24) | 63.54 (23.68) | 33.65 (12.54) | ||||||
15~30 | 170.18 | 11.20 (6.58) | 72.35 (42.51) | 60.02 (35.27) | 26.62 (15.64) | |||||||
30~45 | 94.22 | 4.07 (4.32) | 30.54 (32.41) | 39.32 (41.73) | 20.29 (21.54) | |||||||
45~60 | 60.57 | 2.13 (3.52) | 11.30 (18.65) | 27.67 (45.69) | 19.47 (32.14) | |||||||
60~75 | 39.33 | 0.86 (2.18) | 4.85 (12.34) | 22.38 (56.89) | 11.25 (28.59) | |||||||
75~90 | 38.67 | 0.99 (2.56) | 5.89 (15.23) | 19.20 (49.65) | 12.59 (32.56) | |||||||
坡脚 (细土) | 0~15 | 507.94 | 63.04 (12.41) | 260.32 (51.25) | 127.49 (25.10) | 57.09 (11.24) | ||||||
15~30 | 442.57 | 37.80 (8.54) | 231.60 (52.33) | 113.25 (25.59) | 59.92 (13.54) | |||||||
30~45 | 341.65 | 22.48 (6.58) | 162.42 (47.54) | 104.61 (30.62) | 52.14 (15.26) | |||||||
45~60 | 206.86 | 6.72 (3.25) | 72.92 (35.25) | 90.29 (43.65) | 36.92 (17.85) | |||||||
60~75 | 117.64 | 2.65 (2.25) | 33.57 (28.54) | 51.35 (43.65) | 30.07 (25.56) | |||||||
75~90 | 86.07 | 2.59 (3.01) | 26.90 (31.25) | 28.56 (33.18) | 28.02 (32.56) | |||||||
坡脚 (根际) | 0~15 | 496.95 | 87.17 (17.54) | 241.77 (48.65) | 120.61 (24.27) | 47.41 (9.54) | ||||||
15~30 | 420.38 | 52.72 (12.54) | 200.35 (47.66) | 118.88 (28.28) | 48.43 (11.52) | |||||||
30~45 | 364.85 | 37.65 (10.32) | 155.10 (42.51) | 125.95 (34.52) | 46.15 (12.65) | |||||||
45~60 | 227.75 | 14.85 (6.52) | 73.81 (32.41) | 106.45 (46.74) | 32.64 (14.33) | |||||||
60~75 | 135.88 | 5.68 (4.18) | 33.32 (24.52) | 67.62 (49.76) | 29.27 (21.54) |
注:表中括号内数据为各形态有机磷占有机磷总量的比例。 |
表5 不同部位上层土壤无机磷的含量与组成(n=5) |
土层/cm | 点位 | Ca2-P | Ca8-P | Ca10-P | Fe-P | Al-P | O-P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
各形态无机 磷含量/ (mg/kg) | 0~15 | 坡顶(细土) | 3.84±0.24 b | 2.74±0.23 d | 10.30±0.81 d | 95.00±6.91 b | 26.47±7.10 a | 237.27±13.23 b |
中坡(细土) | 3.05±0.19 c | 2.13±0.22 ef | 14.27±1.37 c | 31.62±6.77 e | 19.92±3.75 ab | 216.19±16.06 c | ||
坡脚(细土) | 4.07±0.17 ab | 4.01±0.18 a | 16.52±1.77 b | 42.36±7.25 d | 20.37±3.35 ab | 120.69±16.15 e | ||
坡脚(根际) | 4.24±0.15 a | 2.81±0.10 d | 10.73±1.31 d | 32.41±5.70 e | 20.05±2.17 ab | 89.80±13.14 f | ||
15~30 | 坡顶(细土) | 1.89±0.15 e | 2.04±0.15 f | 18.76±1.63 a | 136.30±12.49 a | 15.31±5.39 b | 163.99±11.28 d | |
中坡(细土) | 2.36±0.13 d | 2.41±0.12 e | 17.81±1.20 ab | 36.15±6.77 de | 17.57±4.18 b | 279.37±14.89 a | ||
坡脚(细土) | 3.17±0.17 c | 3.63±0.22 b | 18.62±1.37 a | 60.38±8.94 c | 22.22±4.43 ab | 160.56±15.34 d | ||
坡脚(根际) | 4.25±0.19 a | 3.32±0.05 c | 16.39±1.05 b | 60.79±9.05 c | 23.53±3.93 ab | 114.63±9.24 e | ||
各形态无机 磷占全磷/% | 0~15 | 坡顶(细土) | 0.60±0.03 b | 0.43±0.02 d | 1.60±0.09 d | 14.80±0.79 b | 4.12±1.03 a | 37.05±2.85 b |
中坡(细土) | 0.55±0.02 c | 0.38±0.03 e | 2.57±0.21 b | 5.68±1.06 de | 3.58±0.59 ab | 39.07±3.79 b | ||
坡脚(细土) | 0.57±0.02 bc | 0.56±0.02 a | 2.30±0.24 c | 5.89±1.02 de | 2.84±0.49 b | 16.78±2.20 e | ||
坡脚(根际) | 0.65±0.02 a | 0.43±0.02 d | 1.64±0.21 d | 4.94±0.86 e | 3.06±0.35 ab | 13.68±1.95 f | ||
15~30 | 坡顶(细土) | 0.36±0.02 e | 0.38±0.03 e | 3.53±0.24 a | 25.66±1.86 a | 2.87±0.97 b | 30.91±2.16 c | |
中坡(细土) | 0.45±0.02 d | 0.46±0.02 cd | 3.37±0.18 a | 6.84±1.24 d | 3.32±0.74 ab | 52.90±2.78 a | ||
坡脚(细土) | 0.45±0.02 d | 0.52±0.02 b | 2.65±0.24 b | 8.59±1.33 c | 3.16±0.68 ab | 22.82±2.34 d | ||
坡脚(根际) | 0.67±0.03 a | 0.52±0.01 b | 2.58±0.18 b | 9.56±1.45 c | 3.70±0.63 ab | 18.03±1.52 e |
表6 土无机磷的形态组成 |
点位 | 深度/cm | 无机P/(mg/kg) | Ca2-P/ (mg/kg,%) | Ca8-P/ (mg/kg,%) | Ca10-P/ (mg/kg,%) | Fe-P/ (mg/kg,%) | Al-P/ (mg/kg,%) | O-P/ (mg/kg,%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
坡顶 (细土) | 0~15 | 366.01 | 3.80 (0.61) | 2.62 (0.42) | 9.84 (1.58) | 90.46 (14.52) | 24.17 (3.88) | 235.12 (37.74) |
15~30 | 338.40 | 1.89 (0.36) | 1.99 (0.38) | 19.18 (3.66) | 134.46 (25.66) | 11.27 (2.15) | 169.62 ()32.37 | |
30~45 | 327.63 | 0.98 (0.22) | 2.90 (0.65) | 12.89 (2.89) | 122.83 (27.54) | 11.24 (2.52) | 176.79 (39.64) | |
45~60 | 373.64 | 0.59 (0.14) | 4.13 (0.98) | 23.49 (5.58) | 90.68 (21.54) | 17.89 (4.25) | 236.85 (56.26) | |
60~75 | 447.14 | 1.08 (0.22) | 3.67 (0.75) | 31.88 (6.52) | 71.64 (14.65) | 12.42 (2.54) | 326.46 (66.76) | |
75~90 | 480.38 | 0.62 (0.12) | 3.24 (0.63) | 26.99 (5.25) | 57.83 (11.25) | 18.20 (3.54) | 373.52 (72.67) | |
中坡 (细土) | 0~15 | 284.68 | 2.99 (0.54) | 2.10 (0.38) | 13.94 (2.52) | 28.98 (5.24) | 17.92 (3.24) | 218.77 (39.56) |
15~30 | 352.82 | 2.30 (0.44) | 2.35 (0.45) | 17.52 (3.35) | 40.01 (7.65) | 14.02 (2.68) | 276.61 (52.89) | |
30~45 | 323.78 | 1.34 (0.32) | 3.22 (0.77) | 11.91 (2.85) | 40.34 (9.65) | 9.41 (2.25) | 257.57 (61.62) | |
45~60 | 326.43 | 0.93 (0.24) | 3.29 (0.85) | 21.87 (5.65) | 52.32 (13.52) | 10.26 (2.65) | 237.77 (61.44) | |
60~75 | 284.67 | 0.71 (0.22) | 2.53 (0.78) | 14.42 (4.45) | 27.73 (8.56) | 13.35 (4.12) | 225.93 (69.73) | |
75~90 | 408.33 | 0.72 (0.16) | 3.08 (0.69) | 26.60 (5.95) | 28.38 (6.35) | 14.53 (3.25) | 335.03 (74.95) | |
坡脚 (细土) | 0~15 | 205.06 | 4.14 (0.58) | 3.85 (0.54) | 15.97 (2.24) | 39.50 (5.54) | 20.46 (2.87) | 121.14 (16.99) |
15~30 | 265.43 | 3.26 (0.46) | 3.68 (0.52) | 18.27 (2.58) | 61.24 (8.65) | 22.87 (3.23) | 156.11 (22.05) | |
30~45 | 312.35 | 2.09 (0.32) | 2.22 (0.34) | 21.26 (3.25) | 88.55 (13.54) | 14.72 (2.25) | 183.51 (28.06) | |
45~60 | 380.14 | 1.29 (0.22) | 5.11 (0.87) | 16.73 (2.85) | 97.09 (16.54) | 12.68 (2.16) | 247.24 (42.12) | |
60~75 | 406.36 | 1.31 (0.25) | 4.93 (0.94) | 23.68 (4.52) | 65.71 (12.54) | 15.09 (2.88) | 295.64 (56.42) | |
75~90 | 351.93 | 0.79 (0.18) | 2.98 (0.68) | 33.55 (7.66) | 38.76 (8.85) | 14.24 (3.25) | 261.62 (59.73) | |
坡脚 (根际) | 0~15 | 160.05 | 4.14 (0.63) | 2.76 (0.42) | 10.12 (1.54) | 32.13 (4.89) | 19.38 (2.95) | 91.52 (13.93) |
15~30 | 221.62 | 4.30 (0.67) | 3.27 (0.51) | 15.47 (2.41) | 61.50 (9.58) | 23.37 (3.64) | 113.70 (17.71) | |
30~45 | 259.15 | 2.56 (0.41) | 2.62 (0.42) | 24.84 (3.98) | 72.01 (11.54) | 19.47 (3.12) | 137.65 (22.06) | |
45~60 | 306.25 | 1.71 (0.32) | 4.11 (0.77) | 18.42 (3.45) | 83.52 (15.64) | 13.67 (2.56) | 184.82 (34.61) | |
60~75 | 376.12 | 1.48 (0.29) | 4.86 (0.95) | 26.83 (5.24) | 53.96 (10.54) | 16.44 (3.21) | 272.54 (53.23) |
注:表中括号内数据为各形态无机磷占全磷的比例。 |
表7 各形态磷素与土壤性状的相关系数 |
容重 | 粘粒 | pH | 有机碳 | 全磷 | 有效磷 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
活性有机磷 | -0.902** | 0.038 | -0.067 | 0.906** | 0.775** | 0.872** |
中度活性有机磷 | -0.934** | 0.096 | -0.032 | 0.945** | 0.892** | 0.855** |
中稳性有机磷 | -0.907** | 0.289 | -0.005 | 0.957** | 0.872** | 0.924** |
高稳性有机磷 | -0.897** | 0.148 | 0.164 | 0.897** | 0.881** | 0.795** |
Ca2-P | -0.858** | 0.017 | -0.054 | 0.888** | 0.829** | 0.867** |
Ca8-P | -0.035 | 0.171 | 0.312 | -0.031 | 0.018 | -0.049 |
Ca10-P | 0.485* | -0.311 | 0.316 | -0.474* | -0.260 | -0.440* |
Fe-P | 0.029 | 0.436 | -0.131 | 0.003 | 0.102 | 0.006 |
Al-P | -0.462 | -0.290 | 0.024 | 0.590** | 0.697** | 0.602** |
O-P | 0.767** | -0.617** | 0.143 | -0.82** | -0.559** | -0.774** |
注:*和**分别表示0.05和0.01水平显著相关。 |
[1] |
林开淼, 杨智杰, 杨玉盛. 不同更新方式森林土壤磷素形态及有效性分析[J]. 福建师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 36(1):96-103.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[2] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[3] |
钟培阁, 孙洪仁, 张吉萍, 等. 中国南方甘蔗土壤有效磷丰缺指标与适宜施磷量初步研究[J]. 中国糖料, 2021, 43(1):51-56.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[4] |
贾志航, 吕明露, 张鑫, 等. 不同种植年限苹果园土壤磷状况和无机磷组分特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020, 34(5):308-312,320.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[5] |
查美琴, 徐海东, 成向荣, 等. 不同林龄杉木+闽楠复层林土壤磷形态及微生物功能多样性变化[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(19):6938-6947.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[6] |
唐贤, 黄伟濠, 卢瑛, 等. 珠江三角洲平原不同母质土壤磷形态分布及其有效性[J]. 土壤通报, 2019, 50(4):861-869.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[7] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[8] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[9] |
钟雄, 王硕, 包立, 等. 间作作物菌根菌丝对红壤磷形态的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2018, 26(11):1624-1633.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[10] |
黄庆海, 李茶荀, 赖涛, 等. 长期施肥对红壤性水稻土磷素积累与形态分异的影响[J]. 土壤与环境, 2000, 9(4):290-293.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[11] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[12] |
杨芳, 何园球, 李成亮, 等. 不同施肥条件下红壤旱地磷素形态及有效性分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(5):793-799.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[13] |
黄庆海, 赖涛, 吴强, 等. 长期施肥对红壤性水稻土有机磷组分的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(1):63-66,97.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[14] |
郑威, 李晨曦, 谭玲, 等. 南亚热带桉树人工林与典型乡土树种人工林土壤磷组分及磷吸附特性比较[J]. 土壤, 2020, 52(5):1017-1024.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[15] |
刘建国, 罗建新, 田飞, 等. 湖南不同母质植烟土壤磷形态的研究[J]. 烟草科技, 2019, 52(8):24-29.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[16] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[17] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[18] |
曾晓敏, 范跃新, 林开淼, 等. 亚热带不同植被类型土壤磷组分特征及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7):2156-2162.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[19] |
许晓丽, 杨兴, 陆扣萍, 等. 不同集约经营年限对雷竹林土壤磷形态的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018, 32(1):225-231,237.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[20] |
邢颖, 刘永贤, 梁潘霞, 等. 磷对富硒赤红壤与红壤上小白菜硒吸收及土壤硒形态的影响[J]. 土壤, 2018, 50(6):1170-1175.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[21] |
余炜敏, 梁嘉伟, 王荣萍, 等. 不同有机肥对菜地根际土壤磷素形态及蔬菜生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(32):90-94.
本文以华南地区典型菜地土壤为研究对象,在田间试验条件下研究施用不同类型有机肥对菜地土壤磷素形态转化及蔬菜生长的影响。结果表明,施用有机肥和微生物有机肥均可以提高小白菜的产量,其中以有机肥2和微生物有机肥2处理增加幅度最大;2种微生物有机肥的树脂磷(Resin-P)含量显著高于有机肥和对照处理(p<0.05);2种微生物有机肥的NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi含量显著高于有机肥2(p<0.05),而各处理间NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po含量差异不显著(p>0.05);施用有机肥和微生物有机肥均可以提高中等活性磷(NaOH提取态磷)的含量,其中微生物有机肥1 处理的NaOH-Pi含量显著高于其他处理,而各处理之间的NaOH-Po含量差异不显著。有机肥处理和微生物有机肥处理均降低了稳定态各形态磷的含量,除Residual-P外,各处理间的D.HCl-Pi、C.HCl-Pi C.HCl-Po含量差异显著(p<0.05),其中有机肥2和微生物有机肥2处理下降幅度最大。相关分析结果表明,Resin-P与NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi、NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>0</sub>、NaOH-Pi之间呈极显著或显著正相关关系;NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi与NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>o</sub>、NaOH-Pi之间呈极显著或显著正相关关系;NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi与C.HCl-P<sub>0</sub>呈显著负相关关系。总的来说,施有机肥和微生物有机肥降低了稳定态磷的含量,提高了活性磷和中等活性磷的含量,尤其是微生物有机肥的效果最佳。
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[22] |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[23] |
蒋柏藩, 顾益初. 石灰性土壤无机磷分级体系的研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 1989(3):58-66.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[24] |
熊恒多, 李世俊, 范业宽. 酸性水稻土有机磷分组法的探讨[J]. 土壤学报, 1993, 30(4):390-399.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[25] |
鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005:154-157.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[26] |
周俊. 海螺沟冰川退缩迹地风化——成土过程与土壤磷形态研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院, 2014.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[27] |
杨小燕, 陈祥伟. 未开垦干扰黑土土壤磷素形态垂直分布特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(2):378-383.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[28] |
王非非. 延边地区苹果梨园土壤剖面有机磷组分分异规律的研究[D]. 延边: 延边大学, 2016.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[29] |
吴璐璐, 张水清, 黄绍敏, 等. 长期定位施肥对潮土磷素形态和有效性的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2021, 52(2):379-386.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[30] |
王晓锋, 刘婷婷, 龚小杰, 等. 三峡库区消落带典型植物根际土壤磷形态特征[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(4):1342-1356.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[31] |
曹娟, 闫文德, 项文化, 等. 湖南会同不同年龄杉木人工林土壤磷素特征[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(22):6519-6527.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
[32] |
蔡鑫淋, 舒英格, 陈梦军. 喀斯特山区生态恢复中土壤剖面无机磷形态分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 水土保持通报, 2020, 40(2):107-114.
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
{{custom_ref.label}} |
{{custom_citation.content}}
{{custom_citation.annotation}}
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |