通过田间试验研究代森锌及其代谢物乙撑硫脲(ETU)在菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜中的残留动态，并对通过膳食摄入途径产生的风险进行初步评估。在黑龙江、湖南、云南、河南、山东、广东6地进行65%代森锌可湿性粉剂在菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜上残留的田间试验，以了解其消解动态和最终残留。采用风险商值法对菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜中代森锌可能产生的膳食风险进行评估。菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜样品用盐酸-氯化亚锡溶液在加热条件下产生CS₂，使用正己烷对CS₂进行吸收，使用气相色谱FPD-S检测，测定CS₂含量进而对代森锌进行分析计算。使用含有氨水的乙腈对菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜3种蔬菜样品进行提取，用石墨化碳黑(GCB)吸附剂对提取的上清液进行净化，应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)检测净化后样品中的乙撑硫脲。田间试验结果表明，代森锌在菜心、叶用莴苣和芹菜中的半衰期分别为4.0~6.0、2.8~6.9、4.1~4.6 d，符合一级动力学方程。最终残留试验表明，菜心中ETU的最大残留量为8.62 mg/kg，以代森锌计的最终最大残留量为813.3 mg/kg；叶用莴苣中ETU的最大残留量为9.61 mg/kg，以代森锌计的最终最大残留量为658.0 mg/kg；芹菜中ETU的最大残留量为7.22 mg/kg，以代森锌计的最终最大残留量为410.1 mg/kg；且随着时间的推移代森锌最终残留量逐渐减少。膳食摄入风险评估结果表明，施药后7 d菜心、叶用莴苣、芹菜中代森锌的残留摄入风险熵值均小于100%。研究表明，施用65%代森锌可湿性粉剂(WP)防治菜心、叶用莴苣、芹菜中霜霉病，按照推荐剂量使用对人体健康是安全的。

In order to determine the residue risks of zineb and its metabolite ETU on Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery, the residue dissipation and dietary risks of zineb residues were evaluated in field trials. Field trials were designed to evaluate the dissipation and residue of 65% zineb wettable powder in Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery in Heilongjiang, Hunan, Yunnan, Henan, Shandong and Guangdong. The dietary risks of zineb residues were evaluated by risk quotient method. The vegetables samples were decomposed by HCl-SnCl₂ into CS₂ gas, absorbed by hexane, and quantitatively determined by GC-FPD-S detector. The content of CS₂ was determined and the analysis and calculation of zineb were carried out. The Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery vegetables samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing NH₃·H₂O, and the extracted supernatant was cleaned up by GCB adsorbents. The ETU in resulting samples was detected of by HPLC-MS/MS. The results demonstrated that dissipation of zineb in Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery were in accordance with the first order kinetic equation with half-lives from 4.0 to 6.0 d, 2.8 to 6.9 d and 4.1 to 4.6 d, respectively. The maximum residual ETU of final test were 8.62, 9.61 and 7.22mg/kg, the final residual maximum counted by zineb were 813.3, 658.0 and 410.1 mg/kg, in Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery, respectively. The final residue of zineb gradually decreased over time. Dietary intake risk assessment results showed that the risk probability of zineb was less-than 100% at 7 d after application of zineb in three vegetables. Rational use of zineb in accordance with the recommended dose during the growth of Chinese flowering cabbage, lettuce and celery is safe to consumers’ dietary health.