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基于SSR分子标记的41份茶树种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析
41 Tea Germplasm Resources: Genetic Diversity and Relationship Analysis Based on SSR Molecular Markers
为了对豫南茶树种质资源进行初步鉴定和评价，以豫南茶树种质资源圃内41份无性系品种为材料，利用SSR分子标记技术进行遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析。结果表明：从33对引物中筛选出26对扩增较好的引物，26对引物共扩增出102条谱带，平均每对引物扩增条带4条，最少为2条，最多为7条，检测的平均观测等位基因数2个，平均有效等位基因数1.8664个，平均Nei’s遗传多样性0.4626，平均Shannon信息指数0.6550，引物多态信息量最大值0.80，最小值0.23，平均值0.62。聚类分析结果显示，在相似系数为0.5处，将41份材料分为4大类群，地理来源和遗传背景相近的大都聚在一起，供试品种的遗传距离为0.08~1.87，说明资源圃内品种间遗传基础较宽。
In order to conduct preliminary identification and evaluation of tea tree germplasm resources in southern Henan, 41 clonal varieties from the tea germplasm resources garden in southern Henan were used as materials to analyze genetic diversity and relationships by SSR marker.The results showed that 26 pairs of primers with good amplification were screened from 33 pairs of primers. A total of 102 bands were amplified from 26 pairs of primers, the average number of bands amplified by each pair of primers was 4, the minimum number was 2, and the maximum number was 7. The average number of observed alleles was 2, the average number of effective alleles was 1.8664, the average Nei's genetic diversity was 0.4626, the average Shannon information index was 0.6550, the maximum value of polymorphic information of primers was 0.80, the minimum value was 0.23, and the average value was 0.62. The results of cluster analysis showed that 41 materials were divided into 4 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.5. Most of the materials with similar geographical origin and genetic background were clustered together, and the genetic distance of the tested varieties was 0.08-1.87. This indicated that the genetic foundation among varieties in the resource garden was relatively broad.
茶树 / 豫南 / 种质资源圃 / 遗传多样性 / 亲缘关系 / SSR标记 {{custom_keyword}} /
tea / southern Henan / germplasm resources garden / genetic diversity / relationships / SSR marker {{custom_keyword}} /
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为研究云南白莺山茶树种质资源的遗传多样性，以白莺山68 份茶树种质为试验材料，进行生物学性状的调查，并采用EST-SSR分子标记毛细管电泳的方法对云南白莺山12 个类型茶树遗传多样性、亲缘关系及群体遗传结构等内容进行研究。结果表明：（1）该群体生物学形态变异非常丰富，涵盖了乔木、小乔木和灌木；大叶种、中叶种和小叶种；叶形有椭圆形、长椭圆形和披针形；芽叶茸毛量呈现从无、少、中、多到特多的连续变化。（2）利用34 对EST-SSR引物进行分子标记分析，表明云南白莺山群体期望杂合度平均值为0.6981，观测杂合度值为0.5982；PIC 信息指数为0.6686，Shannon’s 信息指数为1.6068，有效等位基因数和观测等位基因数分别为4.1761 和9.7353。（3）基于Evanno 统计模型的群体遗传结构分析可将白莺山茶树群体资源分为5 个亚群，5 个亚群间的基因流值为1.8995，群体间遗传分化系数(Fst)0.1163，表明各亚群是一个中度分化的群体，各亚群间存在着基因交流。
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