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平铺白珠种子萌发特性研究
Study on Germination Characteristics of Gaultheria procumbens Seeds
为提高平铺白珠的繁殖效率,以采集的平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子为供试材料,测量种子形态、千粒重、吸水特性;并通过培养皿滤纸萌发法统计不同GA3处理和温度处理下种子的发芽率;将无菌萌发所获幼苗与常规播种苗长势进行对比。结果表明,平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子属小粒种子(千粒重(0.2995±0.0111) g),种子种皮薄且透水性良好。GA3浸种时间、GA3浸种浓度和温度三者间存在交互作用,其中GA3浓度和温度是影响种子萌发的关键因子,浓度为1000 mg/L的GA3溶液浸泡种子12~24 h,环境温度为白天25℃、夜晚15℃的条件有利于促进种子萌发,种子发芽率可达90%以上,显著高于对照(64.67%)。无菌苗长势要优于常规播种苗,无菌萌发1500 mg/L GA3预处理种苗的平均株高(12.17 mm)和平均根长(18.15 mm)均高于常规播种苗的株高(9.65 mm)和根长(13.31 mm),培养基配方为WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖。
To improve the reproduction efficiency of Gaultheria procumbens, the collected seeds of cultivar ‘Speedy Baron’ were used as test materials to measure seed morphology, thousand kernel weight, and water absorption characteristics. The germination rate of seeds under different GA3 treatments and temperature treatments were calculated by the Petri dish filter paper germination method. Finally, the growth of seedlings obtained from sterile germination was compared with that of conventional seedlings. The results showed that the seeds of G. procumbens ‘Speedy Baron’ were small seeds [thousand kernel weight (0.2995±0.0111) g], with thin seed coats and good water permeability. There were interactions among GA3 seed soaking time, GA3 seed soaking concentration and temperature, among which GA3 concentration and temperature were the key factors affecting seed germination. The seeds were soaked in GA3 solution with a concentration of 1000 mg/L for 12-24 h, and the ambient temperature was 25℃ during the day and 15℃ at night, which was conducive to promoting seed germination, and the seed germination rate could reach more than 90%, significantly higher than that of the control (64.67%). The growth of tissue cultured seedlings was better than that of conventional seedlings. The average plant height (12.17 mm) and average root length (18.15 mm) of sterile germination of 1500 mg/L GA3 pretreated seedlings were higher than those of conventional seedlings (plant height of 9.65 mm and average root length of 13.31 mm). The medium formula was WPM+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L sucrose.
平铺白珠 / 种子萌发 / 种子特性 / GA3 / 无菌萌发 {{custom_keyword}} /
Gaultheria procumbens / seed germination / seed characteristics / GA3 / sterile germination {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 恒温环境下不同GA3浓度、浸泡时间对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发率影响的方差分析 |
差异源 | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GA3浓度(A) | 0.726 | 3 | 0.242 | 19.834** | 0.000 |
GA3浸种时间(B) | 0.011 | 2 | 0.005 | 0.432 | 0.654 |
A×B | 0.225 | 6 | 0.038 | 3.082* | 0.022 |
误差 | 0.293 | 24 | 0.012 | ||
总计 | 13.857 | 36 |
注:*表示P≤0.05条件下差异显著,**表示P≤0.01条件下差异极显著,下同。 |
表2 恒温环境下不同GA3浓度、浸泡时间对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发率的影响 |
溶液浸泡时间/h | GA3浓度/(mg/L) | 萌发率/% |
---|---|---|
12 | 0 | 48.89±19.24aCD |
250 | 57.78±10.18aABC | |
500 | 56.67±0aBC | |
1000 | 65.56±10.18aABC | |
24 | 0 | 36.67±13.33bDE |
250 | 57.78±8.39abABC | |
500 | 71.11±13.48aAB | |
1000 | 70±14.53aABC | |
48 | 0 | 21.11±8.39bE |
250 | 66.67±12.02aABC | |
500 | 78.89±1.92aA | |
1000 | 78.89±5.09aA |
注:同列不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),下同。小写字母代表相同溶液浸泡时间下不同溶液浓度的组内差异,大写字母代表所有处理之间的差异。 |
表3 变温环境下不同GA3浓度、浸泡时间对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发率影响的方差分析 |
差异源 | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GA3浓度(A) | 0.309 | 1 | 0.309 | 65.065** | 0.000 |
GA3浸种时间(B) | 0.003 | 2 | 0.001 | 0.266 | 0.771 |
A×B | 0.007 | 2 | 0.003 | 0.734 | 0.501 |
误差 | 0.057 | 12 | 0.005 | ||
总计 | 10.773 | 18 |
表4 变温环境下不同GA3浓度、浸泡时间对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发率的影响 |
GA3浓度/(mg/L) | 溶液浸泡时间/h | 萌发率/% |
---|---|---|
0 | 12 | 63.33±5.03aB |
24 | 60.67±13.32aB | |
48 | 64.67±4.16aB | |
1000 | 12 | 92±2aA |
24 | 90±5.29aA | |
48 | 85.33±5.77aA |
注:小写字母代表相同溶液浓度下不同浸泡时间的组内差异,大写字母代表所有处理之间的差异。 |
表5 不同环境温度对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发影响的方差分析 |
差异源 | 平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GA3浓度(A) | 0.869 | 1 | 0.869 | 83.783** | 0.000 |
GA3浸种时间(B) | 0.015 | 2 | 0.008 | 0.723 | 0.495 |
温度(C) | 0.455 | 1 | 0.455 | 43.855** | 0.000 |
A×B | 0.041 | 2 | 0.021 | 1.983 | 0.160 |
A×C | 0.021 | 1 | 0.021 | 2.042 | 0.166 |
B×C | 0.003 | 2 | 0.002 | 0.155 | 0.857 |
A×B×C | 0.094 | 2 | 0.047 | 4.536* | 0.021 |
误差 | 0.249 | 24 | 0.010 | ||
总计 | 16.845 | 36 |
表6 不同环境温度对平铺白珠‘极速贵族’种子萌发的影响 |
温度 | GA3浓度/(mg/L) | 溶液浸泡时间/h | 萌发率/% |
---|---|---|---|
24 h25℃ | 0 | 12 | 48.89±19.24de |
24 | 36.67±13.34ef | ||
48 | 21.11±8.39f | ||
1000 | 12 | 65.56±10.18cd | |
24 | 70.00±14.53bc | ||
48 | 78.89±5.09abc | ||
12 h25℃+12 h15℃ | 0 | 12 | 63.33±5.03cd |
24 | 60.67±13.32cd | ||
48 | 64.67±4.16cd | ||
1000 | 12 | 92.00±2.00a | |
24 | 90.00±5.29a | ||
48 | 85.33±5.77ab |
注:小写字母代表所有处理之间的差异。 |
表7 常规播种与无菌萌发的长势对比 |
处理 | 发芽率/% | 株高/mm | 根长/mm |
---|---|---|---|
常规播种 | 9.65±2.23a | 13.31±5.31b | |
无菌萌发GA3浓度0 mg/L | 63.88±0.4a | 11.74±2.48a | 5.52±1.07c |
无菌萌发GA3浓度500 mg/L | 64.63±6.25a | 12.46±2.28a | 6.77±0.83c |
无菌萌发GA3浓度1000 mg/L | 60.37±4.45a | 12.11±2.68a | 8.96±2.79bc |
无菌萌发GA3浓度1500 mg/L | 65.71±2.26a | 12.17±3.01a | 18.15±4.22a |
注:小写字母代表所有处理之间的差异。 |
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