探究在干旱胁迫和复水过程中白姜花光合和叶绿素荧光的生理响应,为姜花属植物抗旱性研究提供参考依据。以当年生白姜花单株盆栽苗为材料进行自然干旱试验,分别于干旱的第0、3、6、9、12天和复水第3天测量土壤相对湿度、叶片枯萎率、光合和叶绿素荧光参数。在干旱的第3、6、9、12天,土壤相对湿度从第0天的84.60%分别下降到了59.20%、34.40%、20.40%、15.40%;随着干旱程度的不断加深,叶片枯萎率、蒸腾速率、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、最大光化学效率、实际光能转化效率、光化学淬灭系数和光合电子传递速率均呈现下降趋势,其胁迫时期的参数间均存在显著差异(P<0.05);而水分利用效率、气孔限制值、非光化学淬灭系数则呈现上升趋势,其胁迫时期的参数间也存在显著差异(P<0.05);复水3天后各项指标均有不同程度恢复。综合分析各项参数,干旱胁迫对白姜花光合和荧光特性影响显著,气孔因素是导致白姜花净光合速率下降的主要因素;干旱后复水各项指标均能恢复,表明白姜花具有一定的干旱适应能力。

This paper aims to explore the physiological response of Hedychium coronarium photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in the process of drought stress and rewatering, and to provide a reference for the research on drought resistance of H. coronarium. A potted natural drought test was carried out using single seedlings of H. coronarium as material, the relative soil humidity, leaf wilt rate, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured on day 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 of drought and 3 days after rewatering. The research indicated that the relative soil humidity on day 3, 6, 9 and 12 under the drought decreased from 84.60% on day 0 to 59.20%, 34.40%, 20.40% and 15.40%, respectively. The leaf wilt rate, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, maximum photochemical efficiency, actual light energy quantum efficiency, photochemical quenching coefficient and electron transport rate decreased with the increase of drought stress, and the parameters of the stress period were significantly different from each other (P<0.05). But the water use efficiency, stomatal limit value, and non-photochemical quenching coefficient showed an upward trend with the increase of drought stress, and the parameters of the stress period were significantly different from each other (P<0.05). All indicators recovered to varying degrees after rewatering. Comprehensive analysis of various parameters shows that drought stress has significant effects on the photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of H. coronarium, and stomatal factors are the main factors leading to the decrease of net photosynthetic rate of H. coronarium. All indicators of rewatering after drought can be restored, indicating that H. coronarium has certain drought adaptability.