本研究探讨不同种植及追肥方式对紫薯生长的影响,为紫薯追肥、种植提供理论依据和实践经验。本文以‘济黑2号’紫薯为试验材料,研究了大棚和露地2种种植条件下,追施无机肥、有机肥、藻肥及其相互配施等10种处理方式对紫薯光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明:大棚种植条件下,紫薯净光合速率在无机肥33 kg/hm²+有机肥20 kg/hm²+藻肥60 mL/hm²处理时最高,较对照组提高了14.98%;各追肥处理组的鲜薯产量均低于对照组。露地种植条件下,紫薯净光合速率在藻肥90 mL/hm²处理时最高,较对照提高了7.51%;蒸腾速率、气孔导度在无机肥33 kg/hm²+有机肥20 kg/hm²+藻肥60 mL/hm²处理时最大,分别较对照提高了31.74%、55.62%;追施藻肥60 mL/hm²时,鲜薯产量最高。追施无机肥33 kg/hm²+有机肥20 kg/hm²+藻肥60 mL/hm²较其他追肥类型更有利于大棚内外紫薯光合作用。大棚种植的紫薯产量整体低于露地。

This study explored the effects of different planting and topdressing methods on the growth of purple sweet potato, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical experience for topdressing and planting of purple sweet potato. ‘Jihei No.2’ purple sweet potato was used as the experimental material to study the effects of ten treatments, including topdressing of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, algal fertilizer and their combinations, on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of purple sweet potato under greenhouse and open field cultivation. The results showed that under the greenhouse cultivation, the net photosynthetic rate of purple sweet potato was the highest under the topdressing treatment of inorganic fertilizer 33 kg/hm ² + organic fertilizer 20 kg/hm² + algae fertilizer 60 mL/hm², increased by 14.98% compared with that of the control group; the fresh potato yield of each topdressing treatment group was lower than that of the control group. Under the open field cultivation, the net photosynthetic rate of purple sweet potato was the highest when the topdressing algae fertilizer was 90 mL/hm², which was increased by 7.51% compared with that of the control; the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were the highest under the topdressing treatment of inorganic fertilizer 33 kg/hm² + organic fertilizer 20 kg/hm² + algae fertilizer 60 mL/hm², increased by 31.74% and 55.62% respectively compared with those of the control; by topdressing algae fertilizer of 60 mL/hm², the fresh potato yield was the highest. In summary, topdressing inorganic fertilizer 33 kg/hm² + organic fertilizer 20 kg/hm² + algae fertilizer 60 mL/hm² is more beneficial to photosynthesis of purple sweet potato inside and outside the greenhouse than other topdressing types, and the yield of purple sweet potato planted in greenhouse is generally lower than that in the open field.