为合理利用氮肥和隔根模式技术优化间作作物种间关系,进一步发挥种间优势提供理论依据,以胡麻间作大豆为研究对象,采用盆栽试验,研究不施氮(N0)和施¹⁵N 80 mg/kg(N80),根系完全分离(T1)、根系不分离(T2)、根系尼龙网分离(T3)3种隔根模式对胡麻/大豆间作优劣势和种间竞争力的影响。结果表明,间作胡麻干物质积累量在各处理间无显著差异,间作大豆全生育期干物质积累量表现为N80显著高于N0处理。间作胡麻单株有效蒴果数、每果粒数、千粒重和籽粒产量均在N80T2处理下最大,其中,籽粒产量较其他处理显著高出41.94%~137.84%。间作大豆根瘤数为N0>N80,单株结荚数、每荚粒数和百粒重均为N80T2处理最大,籽粒产量则为N80T3处理最大,但与N80T2处理差异不显著,较其他处理显著高出4.33%~13.99%。所有处理的土地当量比(LER)均大于2,N80T2时最大。不同施氮模式下,T2处理的种间竞争力表现为胡麻强于大豆(A_F>0,CR_F>1),T3处理则恰好相反(A_F<0,CR_F<1)。说明胡麻/大豆间作体系中施¹⁵N 80 mg/kg、根系不分离有利于协调胡麻和大豆种间关系,促进作物增产。

The paper aims to optimize the interspecific relationship of intercropping crops by rational using nitrogen fertilizer and root separation model technology, for further exerting interspecific advantages. The pot experiment was adopted to study the effects on advantages and disadvantages, and interspecific competitiveness under different nitrogen fertilization modes including no nitrogen application(N0) and ¹⁵N 80 mg/kg (N80) and different root systems including completely separated(T1), root system no separation(T2) and root system separated by nylon net(T3) in oilseed flax/soybean intercropping system. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of oilseed flax had no significant difference among different treatments. The dry matter accumulation of soybean in whole growth period under the treatment of N80 was significantly higher than that of N0 treatment. The effective pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 1000-grain weight and grain yield of oilseed flax under N80T2 treatment were the highest. Among them, the grain yield was 41.94%-137.84% higher than that of other treatments. The nodule number of soybean was N0>N80. The pod number per plant, the seed number per pod and the 100-grain weight were the highest under N80T2 treatment. The grain yield of N80T3 treatment was the highest and 4.33%-13.99% higher than that of other treatments, and its difference with N80T2 treatment was significant. The land equivalent ratio of all treatments was greater than 2, and it was the maximum under N80T2 treatment. The interspecific competitiveness under the T2 treatment showed that oilseed flax was stronger than soybean (A_F>0, CR_F>1), but it was the opposite under T3 treatment (A_F<0, CR_F<1). The results indicate that the application of ¹⁵N 80 mg/kg and non-separation of roots in oilseed flax/soybean intercropping system is beneficial to coordinate the inter-specific relationship between oilseed flax and soybean, and it can promote the crop grain yield.