探讨不同氮磷钾施用量对烤烟‘湘烟5号’产量和品质的影响,为永州烟区‘湘烟5号’的进一步推广示范提供科学依据。试验设氮、磷、钾各3个处理水平,采用正交L₉(3 ⁴)设计,田间调查各处理烟叶的农艺性状、主要经济性状和质量。结果表明,各处理的产量、产值、均价、烟叶等级比例均有差异,其中以处理N135P108K378的经济性状较好,烤后烟叶的糖碱比、氮碱比、钾氯比均较适宜,烟叶内在化学成分较协调,经济效益好。永州烟区土壤中等肥力下‘湘烟5号’的氮磷钾最佳施用量为N:P:K=135:108:378。

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of N, P, K rates on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco variety ‘Xiangyan 5’ and to provide a scientific basis for further extension of ‘Xiangyan 5’ in Yongzhou. An orthogonal L₉(3 ⁴) design with three N level, three P level and three K level were employed for the field experiment. Agronomic attributes, major economical characters, and quality of tobacco ‘Xiangyan 5’ were investigated of different treatments. The results showed that the different treatments of yield, value, average price, tobacco leaf grade ratio existed difference. Among all the treatment, N135P108K378 had better economic characters and better economic efficiency, the flue-cured leaves ratio of sugar alkali ratio, nitrogen alkali ratio, potassium chlorine ratio were suitable, the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves were more coordinated. Applying NPK at the rate of N:P:K=135:108:378 could get the best effect of flue-cured tobacco variety ‘Xiangyan 5’ under medium soil fertility in the tobacco region of Yongzhou.