为筛选对马铃薯旱作地和水旱轮作地两种类型地块主要病害具有较好防效的生物药剂,采用播种期土壤处理法,分别研究了枯草芽孢杆菌、氨基寡糖素、多抗霉素、寡雄腐霉菌和辣根素5种生物药剂对马铃薯早疫病、晚疫病和疮痂病的田间防效。结果表明：防治早疫病以辣根素和氨基寡糖素的防治效果最好,两种类型地块的防治效果均高于60%;防治晚疫病以多抗霉素和氨基寡糖素的防治效果最好,在旱作地和水旱轮作地分别高于40%和25%;防治疮痂病以枯草芽孢杆菌和氨基寡糖素的防治效果最好,其旱作地和水旱轮作地的防治效果均分别高于80%和25%。各种药剂在旱作地的防治效果整体优于水旱轮作地。

To screen better effective biological fungicides on the main diseases of potato in the dry farmland and rotation paddy-upland crop field by the soil treatment during sowing, the control effects of 5 biological fungicides (Bacillus subtilis, amino oligosaccharide, polymycin, pythium and horseradish) on potato early blight, late blight and scab were investigated. The results suggested that the effects of horseradish and amino oligosaccharide on early blight were the best and higher than 60% in the two types of plots, the effects of polymycin and amino oligosaccharide on potato late blight were the best and higher than 40% and 25% in the dry farmland and rotation paddy-upland crop field, respectively, and the effects of Bacillus subtilis and amino oligosaccharide on potato scab were the best and higher than 80% and 25% in the dry farmland and rotation paddy-upland crop field, respectively. The overall control effect of each pesticides in dryland was better than that in rotation paddy-upland crop field.