探寻冰菜蒴果的采收期、烘干温度、种子大小及催芽温度，为冰菜的种苗繁育提供技术支持。选用冰菜蒴果和种子为试验材料，研究蒴果不同采收期、蒴果烘干温度、种子大小及催芽温度对种子萌发的影响。结果表明，在冰菜蒴果变为黄色，含水量低于20%时，采收的种子发芽率最高，褐果发芽率次之，青果最差；0.7-0.9mm大小的种子萌发率最高，为82.3%；对蒴果进行烘干处理发现，40℃烘干5.5h的蒴果易碾碎脱粒，种子含水量7%以下，种子发芽率89%以上；25℃催芽处理种子萌发率最高，为83%。当冰菜蒴果变为黄色时及时采收，然后经过40℃烘干5.5h后进行碾碎处理，再经0.7-0.9mm网筛处理后种子的种子发芽率最高，种子最适催芽温度为25℃。
Abstract
The purpose is to explore the harvest stage, drying temperature, seed size and germination temperature of capsule of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, and provide technical support for seedling breeding. Using the M. crystallinum capsules and seeds as materials, the effects of different harvest stages, capsule drying temperature, seed size and germination temperature on seed germination were studied. The results showed that the highest germination rate was obtained when the capsule turned to yellow and the water content was below 20%. The germination rate of brown capsule was the second, and that of the green capsule was the worst. The seed germination rate of 0.7-0.9 mm seeds was the highest, 82.3%. Drying of capsule showed that capsule dried at 40℃ for 5.5 h were easy to be crushed and threshed, the seed moisture content
was below 7%, and the germination rate of seeds was above 89%. The seed germination rate at 25℃ was the highest, 83%. When the capsule turns yellow, it should be harvested, then dried at 40℃ for 5.5 h, and then treated with a 0.7-0.9 mm mesh sieve. The germination rate of the seeds treated by the above process is the highest. The optimum temperature of seed germination is 25℃.
关键词
冰菜；发芽率；烘干处理；种子大小；萌发温度.
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Key words
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum; germination rate; drying treatment; seed size; germination temperature
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