为解决西宁市旅游资源评价和旅游舒适度预报问题，基于1961—2015 年的地面气象观测资料，计算重点旅游城市度假、人体舒适度、温湿指数的月和年序列资料，利用气候诊断方法分析评估其特征及其变化。结果表明，近55 年青海省西宁市夏季舒适日数呈显著的上升趋势，上升速率为1.1 d/10 a，舒适平均日数为89 天。西宁夏季的寒冷、温湿、度假、人体舒适度指数位于适宜-舒适级别和很适宜-最舒适级别，夏季西宁旅游或居住的气候条件舒适程度与昆明、贵阳、兰州、银川相当。夏季西宁适合旅游度假和休闲养生的气候关联指标在重点旅游城市中占据了优势，而这种优势在近10 年显现得更加明显。评估结果为青藏高原相关部门开展旅游舒适度预报和西宁市旅游气候资源的综合开发提供科学依据。
Abstract
The paper aims at tourism resource evaluation and tourism comfort index forecast in Xining. With ground weather observations from 1961 to 2015, the monthly and annual sequence data of vacation, human body comfort level, and temperature and humidity indexes of key tourist cities were calculated. The characteristics and changes were evaluated with the climate diagnosis method. The results showed that the comfort days in the summer of Xining had a significant upward trend, with an increase rate of 1.1 d/10 a, and an average days of comfort of 89. In Xining, summer’s cold, temperature and humidity, vacation, and body comfort indexes were in the appropriate-comfortable level and very appropriate-the most comfortable level. The climate condition for tourism or residence in Xining was comparable to that of Kunming, Guiyang, Lanzhou
and Yinchuan. The climate related indexes suitable for tourism and leisure were good compared with those of other major tourist cities, and this advantage became more apparent in recent 10 years. The evaluation results provide a basis for the forecast of tourism comfort index and the comprehensive development of tourism climate
resources of Xining.
关键词
旅游;气候;关联指数;西宁
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
Tourism;climate:correlation index;xining
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1]唐用顺.应用气候学[M].北京：科学出版社,2004:308-314.
[2]唐仲蔚,子娟.大美青海旅游经济“芝麻开花”[Ｎ].青海日报,2013-02-20(6).
[3]长安,葛全胜,方修琦,等.青藏铁路旅游线气候适宜性分析[J].地理研究,2007,26(3):533-540.
[4]吴普,席建超,葛全胜.中国旅游气候学研究综述[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(2):131-137.
[5]秦大河,丁一汇,苏纪兰,等.中国气候与环境演变评估(Ⅰ)：中国气候与环境变化及未来[J].气候变化研究进展,2005,1(1)：4-9．
[6]长安,葛全胜,方修琦,等.青藏铁路旅游线气候适宜性分析[J].地理研究,2007,26(3):533-540.
[7]湖北省气象局,中国科学研究院,湖北省农牧厅,等. GB27963-2011,人居环境气候舒适度评价[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2012:4.
[8]吴兑,邓雪娇.环境气象学与特种气象预报[M].北京:气象出版社,2001:162-179.
[9]金泉才.突破大气含氧“生命线”[N].中国气象报,2009-06-9(3).
[10]Terjung W H．Physiological climates of the contentious unitedstates: A bioclimatic classification based on man[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1966,5(1):141-179.
[11]谈建国.衡量上海夏季暑热程度的相对舒适度指数研究[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,28(2)：213-218.
[12]徐大海,朱蓉.人对温度、湿度、风速的感觉与着衣指数的分析研究[J].应用气象学报,2000年,11(4)：430-439
[13]严明良,沈树勤. 环境气象指数的设计方法探讨[J].气象科技,2005,33(6):583-588.
[14]马丽君,孙根年,王洁洁.中国东部沿海沿边城市旅游气候舒适度评价[J].地理科学进展,2009,28(5):713-722．
[15]于庚康,徐敏,高苹等.江苏冬夏季人体舒适度指数异常的背景场研究[J].气象,2012,38(5):593-600.
[16]任健美,牛俊杰,胡彩虹,等.台山旅游气候及其舒适度评价[J].地理研究,2004,23(6):856-862.
[17]曹伟宏,何元庆,李宗省,等.丽江旅游气候舒适度与年内客流变化相关性分析[J].地理科学,2012,32(12):1459-1464.
[18]李秋,仲桂清.环渤海地区旅游气候资源评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(2):149-153．
[19]党冰,张博凯,李佳耘,等.平凉市崆峒山旅游气候及人体舒适度特征分析[J].兰州大学学报( 自然科学版),2012,48(2):75 -79．
[20]党冰,王式功,尚可政.甘肃平凉市的旅游气候舒适度评价[J].旱气象,2013,1(4):684-689.
[21]范业正,郭来喜.中国海滨旅游地气候适宜性评价[J].自然资源学报,1998,13(4):17-24.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
