为了明确复合微生物肥对宁南旱地马铃薯产量、品质、水分利用效率的影响及其合理用量,以庄薯3号为材料于2015年在宁夏南部雨养农田进行田间试验,分析了不同肥料用量对马铃薯产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,在常规化肥等量养分条件下,施用复合微生物肥提高马铃薯株高、茎粗以及主茎数,与对照相比差异显著(p<0.05)。施用复合微生物肥提高马铃薯单株块茎数、单株产量、大中薯重量百分比。与常规化肥相比,复合微生物肥提高了马铃薯还原糖、维生素C、淀粉及干物质含量,提高了马铃薯品质。马铃薯增产率为1.0%～14.7%,水分利用效率增加率为4.3%～17.6%,通过水肥效应方程拟合得出复合微生物肥的最高产量/水分利用效率施肥量分别为954.8和1415kg/hm₂,在宁南旱地施用750kg/hm₂时即可获得高产,因此分析认为宁南旱地马铃薯施用量在750～1415kg/hm₂范围内能可获得高产并实现水分高效。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different compound microbial fertilizers on yield、quality and water use efficiency of potato at rain fed farmland south of Ningxia in 2015. The experiment was made of ‘Zhuang potato No. 3’as the material，To determine the appropriate amount of compound microbial fertilizer.There are 5 treatments in this experiment,farmer conventionl fertilizer treatment（CK）,compound microbial fertilizer 375kg/hm2、750 kg/hm2、1125 kg/hm2、1500 kg/hm2.The results showed that: under the condition of the same amount of conventional fertilizer, increasing compound microorganism fertilizer application rate to improve the plant height, stem diameter and stem number of potato, a significant difference compared with the control (P<0.05). Compound microbial fertilizer increased potato tuber number per plant, yield per plant and medium and large potato percentage. Compared with conventional fertilizer, compound microbial fertilizer increased the contents of reducing sugar, vitamin C, starch and dry matter, and improved the quality of potato. The yield of potato was 1.0%-14.7%, the increase rate of water use efficiency was 4.3%-17.6%. The equation effect of water and fertilizer showed the highest yield or highest water use efficiency of microbial fertilizer amount were 954.8 and 1415 kg/hm2. But the application of 750 kg/hm2 can obtain high yield. So it was proved that reasonable application of compound microorganism fertilizer could be 750-1415 kg/hm2 in the in dryland of southern Ningxia.