为了探讨旱薄地甘薯除草剂与地膜覆盖配套栽培效应,选用33%二甲戊乐灵、96%精异丙甲草胺乳油、50%乙草胺乳油3种除草剂,结合地膜覆盖栽培进行旱薄地甘薯杂草防除和增产试验。结果表明,采用化学除草剂与覆膜栽培法的6个处理平均鲜薯产量和薯干产量分别较对照增加3.79倍和3.88倍,平均茎叶产量较对照增加0.9倍,其中,以透明膜+33%二甲戊乐灵4500ml/hm2处理最为理想,30d、45d杂草株防效分别为87.33%、85.33%,45d、收获期草鲜重防效88.1%、93.98%,鲜薯产量为30300 kg/hm2,较对照增加7倍,薯干产量为9999 kg/hm2,较对照增加7.6倍,茎叶产量为25200 kg/hm2,较对照增加5.5倍。综合本试验结果可知,旱薄地不采取农艺措施粗放式甘薯种植效益低下,采用栽前喷施除草剂与地膜覆盖配套栽培法能有效的防除杂草,提高地温,促苗早发,保水保肥,节省劳力,实现增产、增效的目的,以二甲戊乐灵+透明地膜栽培法尤为突出,建议推广。

To study the effect of sweetpotato cultivation by herbicides combined with plastic films, three herbicides, including 33% pendimethalin EC, 96% metolachlor EC and 50% acetochlor EC, are combined with mulching to control weed and increase yield in sweetpotato cultivation in poor dryland. The results showed that the average fresh tuber yield and dry yield of six treatments increased by 3.79 and 4 times, respectively, compared with CK, and the average stem leaf yield increased by 0.9 times. Among these treatments, the effect of 33% pendimethalin 4500 mL/hm2 with transparent film was the best; after 30 days and 45 days, the control efficacy on weeds were 87.33% and 85.33%; after 45 days and in the harvest time, the fresh mass efficacy reached 93.98% and 88.1% , respectively. The fresh tuber yield was 30300 kg/hm2, increased by 7 times compared with CK, the dry yield was 9999 kg/hm2, increased by 7.6 times and stem leaf yield was 25200 kg/hm2, increased by 2.7 times. In conclusion, sweetpotato planting benefit is low in poor dryland without taking agronomic measures, spraying herbicides combined with mulching before planting can effectively control weeds, improve soil temperature, promote seedling growth, fertilizer and water conservation, save labor, increase production, achieve the purpose of efficiency. The adoption of pendimethalin with transparent film should be widely promoted for its best effect.