[目的]为了改善京郊设施番茄磷肥过量施用的现象,同时促进化肥零增长目标的实现。[方法]研究在不同减施磷肥条件下对京郊设施番茄产量、品质及土壤有效磷的影响,采用田间试验的方法,试验设常规磷肥用量、减施30%磷肥、减施60%磷肥、减施100%磷肥及不施底肥(即空白)5个处理。[结果]在磷肥常规用量情况下植株钾含量、土壤中的有效磷含量最高；在减施30%磷肥的条件下番茄的产量、植株和果实的氮含量、可溶性固形物含量最高,果实的硝酸盐含量最低；在减施60%磷肥的条件下植株磷含量、果实钾含量最高；在减施100%磷肥条件下果实Vc含量最高。[结论]适当在农户常规磷肥的用量基础上减施30%左右不影响番茄产量和品质,反而比正常施用量条件下略有提高。
Abstract
To rectify the excessive application of phosphate fertilizer and achieve the goal of zero-growth of fertilizer, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of phosphorus fertilizer reduction on yield and quality of greenhouse tomato and soil available phosphorus under different conditions, using a field test method. There were five treatments including conventional phosphorus fertilization, 30% reduction of phosphorus fertilizer, 60% reduction of phosphorus fertilizer, 100% reduction of phosphorus fertilizer and no fertilizer-applying. The results showed that soil available phosphorus content and the potassium content of plant were the highest under
the conventional fertilizer condition. The N content of plant and fruit, the yield and the soluble solid content were the highest under the 30% phosphorus fertilizer reduction; the P content of plant and the K content of fruit were the highest under the 60% phosphorus fertilizer reduction; the Vc content of tomato was the highest
under the 100% phosphorus fertilizer reduction. Therefore, the yield and quality of tomato were not decreased but slightly improved under suitable phosphorus fertilizer reduction.
关键词
减施磷肥;设施番茄 产量;品质
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Key words
phosphorus fertilizer reduction; greenhou se tomato; yield; quality
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