不同苗期施肥量对机插秧秧苗生理及产量的影响

蒋敏,张小祥,吴政,李爱宏,潘存红,肖宁,黄年生

中国农学通报. 2017, 33(34): 1-8

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (34) : 1-8. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100038
农学 农业基础科学

不同苗期施肥量对机插秧秧苗生理及产量的影响

  • 蒋敏,张小祥,吴政,李爱宏,潘存红,肖宁,黄年生
作者信息 +

Effect on Physiology and Yield of Rice Machine-Transplanted Seedling: Fertilizer Amounts at Different Seedling Stages

  • 蒋敏,,,,, and
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摘要

解析不同施肥量处理下秧苗素质及其养分吸收特性,明确机插秧苗期氮、磷、钾养分需求,为培育壮秧及水稻高产提供依据。以江苏省农业技术推广总站的推荐育秧产品育苗伴侣进行养分梯度调节,研究机插秧秧苗在不施肥(NF)、少量施肥(LF)、适量施肥(MF)、略微过量施肥(SOF)、过量施肥(OF)五个处理下的生长特性。结果表明:1、施肥直接导致土壤养分增加,适量的肥料施用量(MF处理)有利于水稻壮苗的形成,同时能减少养分的流失,提高养分利用率;2、秧苗对氮磷养分需求高于钾,过量施肥导致秧苗养分含量积累过多,反而不利于壮苗的形成;3、移栽期LF处理的根长、根直径、根表面积、根体积分别比OF处理高出25.59%、19.31%、44.44%、27.13%,综合来看,MF处理能形成适宜的盘根力度,更有利于机插秧移栽时的机器作业;4、秧苗地上部GS、GOGAT、GOT、GPT活性高于根系,地上部GS、GOGAT、GOT活性随着施肥量的增加而增大,而根系GS、GOGAT、GPT活性则出现先增加后降低的趋势,峰值分别出现在处理LF和处理MF中。机插秧苗期适宜的施肥量有利于秧苗氨转化和氮代谢,形成适宜机插的壮苗,进而在移栽大田后形成稳产、高产。

Abstract

We analysis machine-transplanted seedling quality and nutrient absorption under different fertilizer treatment, to clarify their nutritious need for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, to provide basis for strong seedling and high yield. We selected a seedling fertilizer recommended by Jiangsu Province Agricultural Technology Extension Station, the ‘Seedling Partner’, as nutrient gradient regulator, observe into seedling physiological characters under various treatments: No Fertilizer (NF), Low Fertilizer (LF), Moderate Fertilizer (MF), Slightly Over Fertilizer (SOF) and Over Fertilizer (OF). The results show that: 1. Fertilization directly causes soil nutrients increase. MF processing is beneficial to strong seedling, can reduce loss of nutrient and improve nutrient utilization; 2. Seeding has higher demand for nitrogen, phosphorus than potassium. OF processing is harm to strong seedling because of excessive nutrient accumulation; 3. In Transplanting Stage, root length, root diameter, root surface area, root volume of LF processing is respectively 25.59%, 19.31 %, 44.44%, 27.13% more than those of OF processing. Generally, MF treatment can produce suitable root packing force, which is more conducive to machinery transplanting; 4. GS, GOGAT, GOT, GPT activity of aboveground is more active than those of root. With addition of fertilizer, GS, GOGAT, GOT activity of aboveground increase but GS, GOGAT, GPT activity of root firstly increase then decrease. Peaks appeared in LF and MF processing. An appropriate amount of fertilizer is helpful to ammonia conversion and nitrogen metabolism, can produce quality seedling for machinery transplanting, to achieve stable and high yield after transplanted into big field.

关键词

机插秧;施肥量;养分吸收;壮苗;高产

Key words

machine-transplanted-seedling; fertilizer amount; nutrient absorption; strong seedling; high yield

引用本文

导出引用
蒋敏,张小祥,吴政,李爱宏,潘存红,肖宁,黄年生. 不同苗期施肥量对机插秧秧苗生理及产量的影响. 中国农学通报. 2017, 33(34): 1-8 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100038
蒋敏,,,,, and. Effect on Physiology and Yield of Rice Machine-Transplanted Seedling: Fertilizer Amounts at Different Seedling Stages. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2017, 33(34): 1-8 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100038

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