丹江口水库两个小流域农田养分流失特征比较

王国重,李中原,屈建钢,左其亭,张武云,越飞

中国农学通报. 2017, 33(8): 99-103

PDF(577 KB)
PDF(577 KB)
中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8) : 99-103. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080071
资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象

丹江口水库两个小流域农田养分流失特征比较

  • 王国重,李中原,屈建钢,左其亭,张武云,越飞
作者信息 +

Comparison of Farmland Nutrients Loss in Two Small Basins of Danjiangkou Reservoir

Author information +
History +

摘要

以桃庄河流域的东沟村民小组、铁瓦河小流域郑湾村为代表,研究其共同的土地类型:玉米地、果园内养分流失特征及其地表径流中的养分浓度的差异;根据降雨资料,应用SCS模型估算了两个流域内这两类用地中的径流深,并估算了这两类用地平水年份养分的流失量。结果为:桃庄河流域玉米地中的TN、NO3-N、NH3-N的流失量及其径流中的含量要低于铁瓦河流域的玉米地,而CODMn和TP的流失量及其径流中的含量则高于铁瓦河流域;对果园而言,桃庄河流域这些养分的流失量和相应径流中的含量都高于铁瓦河流域;桃庄河流域玉米地和果园平水年份的养分流失量与其径流中养分含量的排序一致,大致为:CODMn>TN>NO3-N >NH3-N >TP,这表明该流域施用的有机肥多于氮肥和磷肥;铁瓦河流域的果园地也遵循这一顺序,而玉米地则为:TN>NO3-N>CODMn>NH3-N>TP,这表明玉米地施用的氮肥多于有机肥和磷肥。结论:需采用测土配方施肥等科学合理的施肥方式,减少农田面源污染、提高肥料的利用率、实现作物增产。

Abstract

The Donggou villagers group of Taozhuang River basin and Zhengwan village of Tiewa River basin were as representatives to study their common land types--corn and orchard whose nutrient loss characteristics and differences of nutrient concentration in surface runoff; SCS model were applied to estimate the runoff depth of the two types of land use together with rainfall data, on this basis, the nutrients loss in normal flow year were estimated. Result is that the loss of TN, NO3-N, NH3-N and their content from runoff in the corn in Taozhuang River basin were lower than that in Tiewa River basin, but the loss and content of CODMn and TP were higher than that in Tiewa River basin; For orchard, the nutrients loss and content in runoff in Taozhuang River basin were all higher than that in Tiewa River basin ; The order of nutrients loss and content were consistent in the two types of farmland in Taozhuang River basin , roughly CODMn > TN > NO3 -N> NH3 - N > TP, which indicated organic fertilizer were used more than nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer, the order was followed in orchard in Tiewa River basin, but the order in corn was TN > NO3 -N > CODMn > NH3 - N > TP, which showed nitrogen fertilizer were used more than organic and phosphate fertilizer. Conclusion: it’s time to adopt scientific and reasonable fertilization way, such as testing soil for formulated fertilization, to reduce non-point source pollution in farmland , improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and increase crop output.

关键词

面源污染;径流 养分SCS模型;土地类型

Key words

non-point source pollution; runoff; nutrient;SCS model; land type

引用本文

导出引用
王国重,李中原,屈建钢,左其亭,张武云,越飞. 丹江口水库两个小流域农田养分流失特征比较. 中国农学通报. 2017, 33(8): 99-103 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080071
Comparison of Farmland Nutrients Loss in Two Small Basins of Danjiangkou Reservoir. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2017, 33(8): 99-103 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16080071

参考文献

[1] Walther G R, Post E, Convey P, et al. Ecological responses to recent climate change [J]. Nature, 2002, 416: 389-395
[2]孟红旗,赵同谦.降雨侵蚀力对河岸滩区耕地土壤养分流失的影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(1):28-31
[3]徐红灯,王京刚,席北斗,等. 降雨径流时农田沟渠水体中氮、磷迁移转化规律研究[J]. 环境污染与防治,2007, 29(1):18-21
[4]Ventura M, Scandellari F, Ventura F, et al. Nitrogen balance and losses through drainage waters in an agricultural watershed of the Po Valley (Italy) [J]. European journal of agronomy, 2008, 29(2): 108-115
[5]Olarewaju O E, Adetunji M T, Adeofun C O, et al. Nitrate and phosphorus loss from agricultural land: Implications for nonpoint pollution [J]. Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems, 2009, 85(1): 79-85
[6]焦金平,王少丽,许迪,等. 次暴雨下作物植被类型对农田氮磷径流流失的影响[J]. 水利学报,2009, 40(3):296-302
[7]郑粉莉,李靖,刘国彬. 国外农业非点源污染(面源污染)研究动态[J]. 水土保持研究,2004, 11(4):64-65,112
[8]姜世英,韩鹏,贾振邦,等. 南水北调中线丹江口库区农业面源污染PSR评价与基于GIS的空间特征分析[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2010,29(11):2153-2162
[9]全国农业技术推广服务中心.土壤分析技术规范(第二版)[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2006
[10]张建军,纳磊,张波,等. 黄土高原小流域水土保持林空间配置对场降雨径流影响的模拟[J].中国水土保持科学,2009, 7(6):26-31
[11]刘兰岚. 降雨产流计算中径流曲线法(SCS模型)局限性的探讨[J]. 环境科学与管理,2013,38(5):64-68
[12]徐刘凯,王全金,向速林. 应用SCS模型模拟清丰水流域产汇流量[J]. 华东交通大学学报,2011,28(4):84-88
[13] 张美华,王晓燕,秦福来. SCS模型在密云石匣试验小区降雨径流量估算中的应用[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004, 25(专辑):155-158
[14] 高扬,朱波,缪驰远,等.SCS模型在紫色土坡地降雨径流量估算中的运用[J]. 中国农学通报,2006, 22(11): 396-400
[15]王业耀,汪太明,香宝. SCS模型中城市地区土壤AMC确定方法的改进及应用研究[J]. 水文,2011, 31(4):23-27
[16]郭晓军,崔鹏,庄建琦,等. SCS模型在泥石流多发区降雨-径流模拟中的应用-以云南省蒋家沟流域为例[J].水土保持通报,2010, 30(2):225-229
[17]董文涛,程先富,张群,等. SCS-CN模型在巢湖流域地表产流估算中的应用[J]. 水土保持通报,2012,32(3):174-177
[18]王亦宁,毛明海. 桐庐县分水江流域面源污染评价及防治对策[J]. 科技通报,2008,24(5):721-726
[19]Huang M B, Gallichand J, Wang Z L, et al. A modification to the soil conservation service number method for steep slopes in the loess plateau of China [J]. Hydrological process, 2006, 20(3): 579-589
[20]陈正维,刘兴年,朱波. 基于SCS-CN模型的紫色土坡地径流预测[J]. 农业工程学报,2014, 30(7):72-81
[21]王红雷,王秀茹,王希. 利用SCS-CN方法估算流域可收集雨水资源量[J].农业工程学报,2012, 28(12):86-91
[22]Williams J R, Laseur W V. Water yield model using SCS curve numbers [J]. Journal of hydraulics division ASCE, 1976, 102(9): 1241-1253
[23]张钰娴,穆兴民,王飞. 径流曲线数模型(SCS-CN)参数λ在黄土丘陵区的率定[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(5):124-128
[24] 李常斌,秦将为,李金标. 计算CN值及其在黄土高原典型流域降雨-径流模拟中的应用[J]. 干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(8):67-70
[25] 黄文敏,毕永红,胡征宇,等. 丹江口水库农业面源污染特征研究[J]. 环境科学与管理,2012,37(1):33-38
[26]朱明勇,谭淑端,张全发. 近60年汉江流域侵蚀性降雨的时空变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报,2013, 22(9):1544-1549The comparison of nutrient loss characteristics in farmland in two small basin of Danjiangkou ReservoirWang Guozhong1, Li Zhongyuan2, Qu Jiangang3,Zuo Qiting4, Zhang Wuyun5 Yuefei2(1Hydrology and water resources of Yellow River scientific research institute,Zhengzhou, 450004; 2Hydrology and water resources bureau in Henan Province,Zhengzhou, 450003; 3 Soil and water conservation supervision and inspection station in Henan Province,Zhengzhou, 450008; 4College of water conservancy and environment, Zhengzhou university, 450001;5Hydrology and water resources survey bureau of Nanyang in Nanyang, 473000)Abstract: The Donggou villagers group of Taozhuang River basin and Zhengwan village of Tiewa River basin were as representatives to study their common land types--corn and orchard whose nutrient loss characteristics and differences of nutrient concentration in surface runoff; SCS model were applied to estimate the runoff depth of the two types of land use together with rainfall data, on this basis, the nutrients loss in normal flow year were estimated. Result is that the loss of TN, NO3-N, NH3-N and their content from runoff in the corn in Taozhuang River basin were lower than that in Tiewa River basin, but the loss and content of CODMn and TP were higher than that in Tiewa River basin; For orchard, the nutrients loss and content in runoff in Taozhuang River basin were all higher than that in Tiewa River basin ; The order of nutrients loss and content were consistent in the two types of farmland in Taozhuang River basin , roughly CODMn > TN > NO3 -N> NH3 - N > TP, which indicated organic fertilizer were used more than nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer, the order was followed in orchard in Tiewa River basin, but the order in corn was TN > NO3 -N > CODMn > NH3 - N > TP, which showed nitrogen fertilizer were used more than organic and phosphate fertilizer. Conclusion: it’s time to adopt scientific and reasonable fertilization way, such as testing soil for formulated fertilization, to reduce non-point source pollution in farmland , improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and increase crop output.Keywords: non-point source pollution; runoff; nutrient;SCS model; land type
PDF(577 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

段落导航
相关文章

/