旨在对胶孢炭疽菌的生物学特性及花椒炭疽病的有效防治提供理论依据。本研究采用菌丝生长速率法、培养皿玻片法和浓硫酸法，就不同环境条件对胶孢炭疽菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响进行研究。结果表明：胶孢炭疽菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的最适温度分别为25℃和20℃；在pH 8时，最适宜其菌丝生长和孢子萌发；光暗交替有利于其菌丝生长，全光照下促进孢子萌发；相对湿度越大孢子萌发率越高。可见，尽可能的避免或错开胶孢炭疽菌生长发育的适宜温度、pH值、光照条件和相对湿度方能有效的防治花椒炭疽病的发生和蔓延。
Abstract
The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the biological characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and effective prevention of Pericarpium zanthoxyli anthracnose. In this research, the mycelium growth rate method, Petri dish slide method and concentrated sulfuric acid method was used to study the influence of different environmental conditions on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth and spore germination. The results showed that: the optimum temperature of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides mycelial growth and spore germination was 25℃ and 20℃, respectively; pH 8 was the most suitable condition for the mycelial growth and spore germination; alternating light and dark was beneficial to mycelial growth and full sunlight promote to spore germination; the higher the relative humidity, the greater the spore germination rate. Therefore, the occurrence and spread of pericarpium zanthoxyli anthracnose could be controlled effectively when suitable temperature, pH value, light condition and relative humidity were avoided in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth.
关键词
花椒；环境因素；胶孢炭疽菌；菌丝生长；孢子萌发
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
Pericarpium zanthoxyli; environmental factors; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; mycelial growth; spore germination
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 马志超,赵秀萍,王书龙,等.宝鸡市陈仓区花椒炭疽病发生特点及防控对策[J].中国农村小康,2009(7):62-63.
[2] 马君义,张继,冯洋洋,等.甘肃花椒产业发展现状及对策分析[J].安徽农业科学, 2011,39(16):10055-10057,10091.
[3] 王双贵,赵京献,毕君,等.国内外花椒的研究现状及其发展趋势[J].内蒙古林业科技,2003(02):32-34.
[4] 赵元惠.武都区花椒主要病虫害的发生及防治[J].现代农业科技, 2007(24):76-77.
[5] 杨晓凤,程全民,李强,等.花椒树主要病虫害及其防治[J].北方园艺,2007(3):200.
[6] 江彤,陈伟.胶孢炭疽菌的血清学研究[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(6):1149-1150.
[7] 刘晓云,景耀,杨俊秀.植物炭疽菌研究文献综述[J].西北林学院学报,1995,10(4):105-111.
[8] 王晓鸣,李建义.陕西省炭疽菌的研究[J].真菌学报,1987,6(4):211-218.
[9] 魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.
[10] 曹支敏,田呈明,梁英梅,等.陕甘两省花椒病害调查[J].西北林学院学报,1994,9(2):39-43.
[11] Phillip S. Wharton, Javier Diéguez-Uribeondo. The biology of Colletotrichum acutatum[J]. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid, 2004,61(1):3-22.
[12] Liu Z M. Determination of susceptible age of papaya (Carica papaya L.) to anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) [J]. Agronomic Mesoamericana,1999,10(1):1-6.
[13] 黄彰欣.植物化学保护实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1992: 35-36.
[14] 方中达.植病研究方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[15] 郑肖兰,崔昌华,郑服丛,等.橡胶炭疽病病原菌生物学特性初步研究[J].微生物学通报,2006,33(2):95-99.
[16] 路梅,杨佳妮,周端顼,等.佛手炭疽病病原菌的生物学特性研究[J].浙江师范大学学报,2011(03):323-325.
[17] 姚锦爱,黄鹏,余德亿,等.建兰胶孢炭疽菌分生孢子的生物学特性及病害防治药剂的筛选[J].福建农林大学学报,2012,41(6):585-589.
[18] 张小媛,何红,胡汉桥,等.红海榄赤斑病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].植物病理学报,2009,39(6):584-592.
[19] 唐景美,陈振毅,廖咏梅,等.辣椒胶孢炭疽菌生物学特性初步研究[J].广西植保,2009,22(2):13-14.
[20] 岑贞陆,谢玲,黄思良,等.大青枣炭疽病的病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(3):48-511.
[21] 陶金华,胡瑞兰,陈发河,等.枇杷炭疽病菌的生物学特性的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(6):472-4761.
[22] 杜宜新,冯岩,张启林,等.番木瓜胶孢炭疽菌的生物学特性研究[J].仲恺农业技术学院学报,2006,19(2): 04-07.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
PDF(664 KB)
