大田栽培条件下,以德美亚1和德美亚2为试验材料,于玉米7展叶期喷施植物生长调节剂烯效唑(S3307)和激动素(KT),研究S3307和KT对玉米叶片碳代谢及产量形成的影响。结果表明：S3307和KT均显著增加了两品种的穗重、粒重、穗行数、行粒数和单粒重,最终提高了玉米籽粒产量。其中,KT对德美亚1产量的调控效果较好,S3307对德美亚2产量的调控效果较好。喷施调节剂后第21~30 d,两调节剂均降低了叶片淀粉含量和淀粉酶活性,德美亚1的叶片淀粉含量下降幅度为0.16%~31.10%,淀粉酶活性下降幅度为7.58%~45.83%；德美亚2的叶片淀粉含量下降幅度为2.68%~42.01%,淀粉酶活性的下降幅度为3.97%~39.82%。喷施调节剂后第21 d,两品种叶片蔗糖和可溶性糖含量的大小依序为KT>S3307>CK,德美亚1的两处理蔗糖和可溶性糖含量比CK分别增加84.64%、31.28%、67.38%和52.74%,德美亚2的两处理蔗糖和可溶性糖含量比CK分别增加14.21%、3.92%、49.34%和37.50%。两调节剂均显著促进了生育后期玉米叶片的生理活性,延缓了叶片衰老,进而提高了玉米产量。
Abstract
The effects of foliar spraying uniconazole (S3307) and kinetin (KT) on carbon metabolism of maize leaves and yield were studied in order to provide theoretical foundation for maize production. In the filed experiment, using‘Demeiya 1’and‘Demeiya 2’as test materials, S3307 and KT was sprayed at 7 leaves expansion stage, water was sprayed as control. The effects on the carbon metabolism of maize leaves and the yield were studied. The results showed that S3307 and KT increased panicle weight, grain weight, number of rows, kernels per row and single grain weight, and then raised the grain yield. The regulating effect of KT treatment on the yield of‘Demeiya 1’was better than that of S3307 and the regulating effect of S3307 treatment on the yield of‘Demeiya 2’was better than that of KT. After 21-30 days of spraying regulators, the two regulators decreased the starch content and starch amylase activity. The starch content and amylase activity of‘Demeiya 1’ was decreased by the range of 0.16%- 31.10% and 7.58%- 45.83% , respectively. The starch content and amylase activity of‘Demeiya 2’was decreased by the range of 2.68%- 42.01% and 3.97%- 39.82% , respectively. After 21 days of spraying regulators, the order of sucrose and soluble sugar contents in leaves of the two varieties was KT＞S3307＞CK. Compared with the control, the sucrose andoluble sugar content of ‘Demeiya1’increased by 84.64%, 31.28%, 67.38% and 52.74% by foliar spraying KT and S3307, respectively; the sucrose and soluble su ar content o‘f Demeiya2’increased by 14.21%, 3.92%, 49.34% and 37.50% by foliar spraying KT and S3307, respectively. S3307 and KT could significantly enhance physiological activities and
delay the senescence of maize leaves during middle- late growth stages. Thereby, they were effective to increase the yield of maize.
关键词
玉米;烯效唑;激动素;叶片;产量
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Key words
maize(Zea mays L.); Uniconazole; Kinetin; Leaves; Yield
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