为了探明淡灰钙土条件下不同配比施肥对油葵及土壤养分效应，以NX440为供试材料，采用随机区组设计布设田间试验，试验共设CK及NPKM处理等8个处理。结果表明：不施无机氮肥的处理株高相对偏低，且相对CK处理经济产量增产不显著；NPKM处理在收获期比CK处理株高提高了41.6 cm，盘粒数提高了272粒/盘，提高了27.7%，千粒重提高了12.2 g，提高了23.4%；经济产量和生物产量均显著提高，分别提高了55.6%和43.1%，籽粒和茎秆氮含量分别是CK处理1.6倍和2.0倍；土壤有机质含量较CK处理提高了1.5 g/kg。因此，综合考虑，在当地淡灰钙土条件下，不施无机氮肥是不可行的，油葵参照NPKM处理施肥较为适宜。
Abstract
In order to ascertain the effect of different fertilization proportions on oil helianthus and soil nutrients in light sierozem, randomized block design was used in a field experiment including eight treatments such as CK and NPKM with NX440 as the material. The results showed that plant height of inorganic nitrogen omission treatment was inferior to that of other treatments, and the economic yield increase of inorganic nitrogen omission treatment was not significant in comparing with that of CK. Plant height of NPKM treatment increased 41.6 cm compared that of with CK in harvest time, plate grain number increased by 272 grains per plate, 27.7% more than that of CK, thousand kernel weight increased 12.2 g, 23.4% higher than that of CK. Economic yield and biological yield increased significantly by 55.6% and 43.1% compared with that of CK. The nitrogen content of grain and stem of NPKM treatment was 1.6 times and 2.0 times as much as that of CK, respectively. Organic matter content of soil of NPKM treatment increased 1.5 g/kg compared with that of CK. Consequently, in the local condition of light sierozem, no application of inorganic nitrogen was unfeasible, and it was reasonable to refer to NPKM treatment for oil helianthus fertilization.
关键词
淡灰钙土；不同配比施肥；油葵；土壤养分
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Key words
light sierozem; different fertilization proportions; oil helianthus; soil nutrients
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