耕地是土地的精华，是维护国家粮食安全的保障。笔者以景观生态理论为基础，选取分形维数、空间结构稳定性指数、蔓延度指数、香农多样性指数以及香农均匀度指数，对龙海市1998、2007、2013年耕地景观利用现状进行分析。研究结果表明人类社会活动对研究区的耕地景观影响效应既有正向的，也有负向的。研究区耕地景观斑块的规整度提高，耕地景观抗干扰能力增强，耕地的稳定性提升，耕地斑块类型趋于均匀化，但优势斑块的连续性降低和耕地景观的破碎程度增加。在对正向效应土地整理和农业结构调整进行肯定的同时，改善和避免县级土地开发这一负向作用的人类活动。
Abstract
Cultivated land is the essence of land, as well as the guarantee for national food security. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, the author analyzed the utilization of cultivated land in Longhai City in 1998, 2007 and 2013, with the selected indices of fractal dimension, spatial structure stability index, contagion index, Shannon’ s diversity index and Shannon’ s evenness index. The research results showed that the effect of human interference on studied cultivated land could be both positive and negative. The regularity of patches increased, the antijamming capability and stability of cultivated land were strengthened, the types of cultivated land patches tended to be homogenization, but the continuity of high quality patches went down and the degree of crushing increased. It is concluded that while positive effects of land consolidation and structural adjustment of agriculture should be recognized, county-level land development which is a negative human activity should also be avoided and standardized.
关键词
中等时间尺度;县级;耕地;景观格局;景观指数
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
medium time;country;cultivated land;landscape pattern;landscape index
{{custom_keyword}} /
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 张效军,欧名豪,李景刚,等.对构建耕地保护区域补偿机制的设想[J].农业现代化研究,2006,27(2):144-147.
[2] 陈印军,吴凯,卢布,等.中国不同区域耕地资源变化状况_原因及保护措施[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(8):373-376.
[2] 汪阳洁,张静.基于区域发展视角的耕地保护政策失灵及对策选择[J].中国人口.资源与环境,2009,19(1) :76-81.
[3] 刘纪远,张增祥,庄大方,等. 20世纪90 年代中国土地利用变化时空特征及其成因分析[J].地理研究,2003,22(1) :1-12.
[5] 高志强,刘纪远,曹明奎,等.土地利用和气候变化对农牧过渡区生态系统生产力和碳循环的影响[J].中国科学:地球科学,2004,34(10) :946-957.
[6] 王枫,汤惠君.中国耕地资源安全研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(03):471-475.
[7] IIASA. Can China Feed Itself. A System for Evaluation of Policy Options by Gerhard K. Heilig [EB/OL].http：//www.iia-sa.ac.at/Research/SRD/ChinaFood/index_m.htm. 1999-08-23.
[8] Brown Lester R. Who will feed China wake up call for a small planet[M]. New York： New York Norton and Company Inc, 1995:l－27.
[9] 国土资源部信息中心,中国耕地资源安全态势分析. 中国2003-2004 国土资源安全状况分析报告[M].下篇. 北京：中国大地出版社,2005,93-208.
[10] 李天杰,郧文聚,赵烨,等.土地质量、生产能力与粮食安全相关研究的现状及展望[J]. 资源产业,2006,8(l):19-23.
[11] 唐群锋,魏志远,唐树梅,等.基于GIS的县域耕地资源数据库建立及耕地地力评价[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(10):390-396.
[12] 张士功,纪纯,邱建军,等.中国耕地资源安全问题及其对策研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(12):372-375.
[13] 范胜龙,黄炎和.采用第二次土壤普查数据进行农用地分等的可行性研究——以龙海市为例[J].中国土地科学,2003,17(2)：41-46.
[14] Wiggering H,Muller K,Werner A,et al. The concept of multiftinctionality in sustainable land development [A].Sustainable Development of Multifunctional Landscapes[C],Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York,2003:3-18.
[15] Farina A.Landscape Ecology in Action [M]．Kluwer Academic Publishers,Boston,Massachusetts,USA,2000.
[16] Kozovd M,Mi ikovd P.Landscape planning as a strong forward-looking tool for integrated spatial management [R].In Seventh meeting of the Council of the Europe of the workshops for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention.2008:24-25.
[17] 宇振荣,谷卫彬,胡敦孝.江汉平原农业景观格局及生物多样性研究——以两个村为例[J].资源科学,2000,22(2):19-23.
[18] 王玉学.基于景观生态理论的土地整治分区研究——以湖北省云梦县为例[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2012:26-28.
[19] 刘程鹏,关欣,李巧云,等. 醴陵市农村居民点的景观生态特征及其时空演变[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(17):131-137.
[20] 吉文帅,韩玉刚,管义国. 基于RS和GIS的柘皋河流域景观空间格局研究[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(1):140-143.
[21] 杨建波.我国农村土地整治的发展态势与重点研究领域[EB/OL]. http://kjxxweb.hebgt.gov.cn.2013-03-05.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
PDF(767 KB)
