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新疆南疆棉花“干播湿出”种植技术应用现状、面临的问题及解决策略
Application, Problems and Solution Strategies of "Dry Sowing and Wet Emergence" Planting Technology of Cotton in Southern Xinjiang
棉花是新疆最重要的经济作物，而南疆又是新疆棉花的主产区，产量占全疆的80%。长期以来，南疆棉区普遍采用“湿播干出”的种植模式，即除了在棉花生育期进行常规灌溉外，还需要进行冬灌和春灌，起到压盐、提高播种期土壤墒情和改善土壤水分的作用。随着耕地面积的不断扩大和水资源的日益短缺，南疆棉区开始尝试采用北疆“干播湿出”的栽培方式种植棉花，但整体效果不甚理想。通过文献综述，探讨造成南疆推行“干播湿出”栽培方式不力的原因，在此基础上提出可能的解决策略。
Cotton is the most important cash crop in Xinjiang, and southern Xinjiang is the main cotton production area, which yield accounts for 80% of the whole Xinjiang. For a long time, the planting mode of "wet sowing and dry emergence" was widely adopted in the cotton areas of southern Xinjiang, which meant that in addition to conventional irrigation during the cotton growth period, winter irrigation and spring irrigation were also needed to play a role in pressing salt and improving soil moisture during the sowing period. However, with the continuous expansion of cultivated land area and the increasing shortage of water resources, the cotton production of southern Xinjiang began to try the cultivation method in northern Xinjiang of "dry sowing and wet emergence" to grow cotton, but the overall effect was not ideal. Through the literature review, this paper tries to explore the reasons for the ineffective implementation of the "dry sowing and wet emergence" cultivation method in southern Xinjiang, and puts forward possible solution strategies on this basis.
南疆 / 棉花 / 干播湿出 / 节水控盐 / 解决策略 {{custom_keyword}} /
southern Xinjiang / cotton / dry sowing and wet emergence / water saving and salt control / solution strategies {{custom_keyword}} /
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