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2种不同种衣剂对玉米‘黑糯100’生长状况和抗氧化防御系统的影响
Effects of Two Seed Coating on Corn Growth and Antioxidant Defense System of ‘Heinuo 100’
本研究通过田间试验，选择噻虫嗪和噻虫嗪-苯醚甲环唑混剂2种内吸性农药作为玉米种衣剂，探究了种衣剂对玉米乳熟期果穗鲜重，不同生长时期各部位鲜重的影响，以及对玉米植株抗氧化防御系统的影响。结果表明：以推荐使用剂量（6 mL/kg种子），种衣剂对玉米植株各部位鲜重的影响主要在玉米苗期和拔节期，相比对照处理，噻虫嗪和噻虫嗪-苯醚甲环唑混剂处理明显降低玉米苗期和拔节期各部位鲜重，乳熟期时3个处理之间差异不显著；施用种衣剂能增加果穗鲜重，但增加效果不明显。种衣剂处理均促进植株叶绿素的合成，且噻虫嗪和苯醚甲环唑混施较单施噻虫嗪玉米叶绿素含量更高。单施噻虫嗪和噻虫嗪与苯醚甲环唑混合施用均会引起玉米叶片中抗氧化酶SOD、CAT和POD活性的提高，使叶片GSH和MDA含量降低，说明在本试验施用的种衣剂剂量胁迫环境下，玉米叶片抗氧化防御系统可作出应答，调节细胞的代谢过程，使玉米植株正常生长。
Through field experiment, the research elucidates the effects of two commonly used systemic pesticides (thiamethoxam and difenoconazole) in the corn seed treatment, and their effects on cluster fresh weight in corn milk-ripe stage, fresh weight in all growth stages and the antioxidant defense system of ‘Heinuo 100’. The results showed that at the recommended application dosage of 6 mL/kg seed, the effect of thiamethoxam and thiamethoxan-difenoconazole mixture on the fresh weight of each part of maize plant was mainly at seedling stage and jointing stage. Compared with the control treatment, thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam-difenoconazole mixture treatment significantly reduced the fresh weight of each part at seedling stage and jointing stage, and there was no significant difference among the three treatments at milk maturity stage. The application of systemic pesticides as the seed treatment agents could increase the fresh weight of ear, but the effect was not significantly different. Both thiamethoxam and thiamethoxan-difenoconazole treatment promoted chlorophyll synthesis, and the mixed application of thiamethoxam and difenoconazole had higher chlorophyll content than that of thiamethoxam alone. Compared with the control treatment, thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam-difenoconazole mixture treatment could increase the activities of SOD, CAT and POD and decrease the GSH and MDA content in maize leaves. It showed that anti-oxidative mechanism of the maize leaf could response and regulate the metabolic process of the maize, thus making the corn plant grow normally at the dosages of systemic pesticides employed in this study.
噻虫嗪 / 苯醚甲环唑 / 玉米种衣剂 / 叶绿素 / 抗氧化防御系统 {{custom_keyword}} /
thiamethoxam / difenoconazole / corn seed treatment / chlorophyll / antioxidant defense system {{custom_keyword}} /
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