不同施肥对农田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

张瑞 张贵龙 陈冬青 姬艳艳 张海芳 杨殿林

中国农学通报. 2013, 29(2): 133-139

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2) : 133-139. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0989
资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象

不同施肥对农田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响

  • 张瑞 张贵龙 陈冬青 姬艳艳 张海芳 杨殿林
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The Effects of Different Fertilization on the Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community

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摘要

为了研究华北农区施肥管理对农田(玉米-小麦轮作)土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响。应用Biolog-ECO技术,借助中国农业科学院武清农田生态系统野外观测站,对农田(玉米-小麦轮作)土壤微生物群落功能多样性进行研究。结果表明:(1)单施有机肥(A1)土壤微生物对碳源利用率明显高于对照不施肥(A0)处理。(2)单施有机肥土壤微生物群落丰富度(H)和优势度指数(D)分别为2.413和0.902,显著高于推荐施肥(A2)与不施肥处理;均匀度指数(E)在推荐施肥处理下最高,显著高于单施化肥处理(A4)与其他处理间无显著差异。(3)主成分分析结果表明,推荐施肥与习惯施肥处理土壤微生物群落碳源利用方式相似,单施有机肥和单施化肥处理下土壤微生物碳源利用方式独特。糖类、氨基酸类和代谢中间产物及次生代谢物为土壤微生物主要利用的碳源。总之,有机肥的添加有利于提高土壤微生物代谢活性和土壤微生物群落功能多样性。

Abstract

In order to study the influence of fertilization management on the functional diversity of farmland soil microbial community (maize-wheat rotation) in the North China farming areas, this paper studied the functional diversity of soil microbial communities of the farmland (maize-wheat rotation) by Biolog-ECO technology, in Wu Qing field ecosystem station run by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that (1) the rate of soil microbial carbon source utilization for single application of organic fertilizer (A1) was significantly higher than that of the control without fertilization (A0). (2) soil microbial communities richness (H) and dominance index (D) for single organic fertilizer was 2.413 and 0.902 separately, significantly higher than the recommended fertilization (A2) and no fertilizer. The uniformity index (E) in the recommended fertilization treatments was the highest, significantly higher than the single application of chemical fertilizer (A4) but no significant difference from the other treatments. (3) Principal component analysis showed that soil microbial community carbon source utilization was similar for the recommended fertilization and conventional fertilization treatment, with the unique way for the only organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and sugars, amino acids and metabolic intermediates and secondary metabolites were the main carbon source for soil microbes. It concluded that adding organic fertilizer was helpful to improve the metabolic activity of microorganism and the functional diversity of soil microbial communities.

关键词

施肥; 土壤微生物; 功能多样性; Biolog-ECO

Key words

fertilization; soil microbial community; functional diversity; Biolog-ECO

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张瑞 张贵龙 陈冬青 姬艳艳 张海芳 杨殿林. 不同施肥对农田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响. 中国农学通报. 2013, 29(2): 133-139 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0989
The Effects of Different Fertilization on the Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2013, 29(2): 133-139 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0989

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