以MRS为基础培养基，接种嗜热链球菌和保加利亚乳杆菌各0.05%，研究了改良MRS培养基和在发酵期间添加缓冲剂对乳酸菌增殖的影响。结果表明：往液体MRS基础培养基中添加1%的胡萝卜汁、1.5%的麦通过不同杀菌剂对苹果炭疽病菌和轮纹病菌的毒力测定分析，为田间高效的防治药剂筛选及配套的田间防病技术研究提供重要依据。本研究利用菌丝生长抑制法测定了戊唑醇等10种杀菌剂对两种病原菌的抑菌毒力。结果表明：430 g/L戊唑醇SC对两种病原菌的防效好，EC50分别为0.952 μg/mL和0.411 μg/mL，但对苹果轮纹病菌的EC90值93.836 μg/mL明显低于对苹果炭疽病菌的EC90值487.738 μg/mL。50%异菌脲WP和70%代森联WG对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制效果较好，EC50分别为0.586 μg/mL和10.650 μg/mL，但对苹果炭疽病菌的抑制效果并不理想；而250 g/L嘧菌酯SC和75%百菌清WP对苹果炭疽病菌的抑制效果较好，EC50分别为0.0814 μg/mL和7.313 μg/mL，对苹果轮纹病菌的抑制作用不理想。

Analyzing toxicity of fungicides against Macrophoma kawatsukai and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in laboratory to provide basis for screening and management of high performance chemical fungicide in the field. The detected toxicity experiments were conducted with mycelium growth inhibition method of 10 fungicides such as tebuconazole against Macrophoma kawatsukai and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The results showed that different fungicides on colony growth was different, in which 430 g/L tebuconazole SC was the most effective one to the pathogen with EC50 were 0.952 μg/mL and 0.41054 μg/mL respectively, but EC90 of M. kawatsukai (93.836 μg/mL) was lower significantly than C. gloeosporioides (487.73815 μg/mL). 50% iprodione WP and 70% metiram WG also had well control effect to M. kawatsukai with EC50 value were 0.586 μg/mL and 10.650 μg/mL respectively, but the two Fungicides were not ideal to C. gloeosporioides. 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC and 75% chlorothalonil WP had well control effect to C. gloeosporioides but was not ideal to M. kawatsukai with EC50 value were 0.0814 μg/mL and 7.313 μg/mL.