人类活动引起的土壤多环芳烃（PAHs）累积已经引起了土壤污染并已经成为影响人体健康和农业生产的重要环境问题之一。在土壤环境中，植物根际过程是土壤多环芳烃消除的关键环节之一。为此，对土壤中多环芳烃污染的来源和危害进行了叙述，并对土壤多环芳烃污染生物降解的机制和影响因素进行了分析，说明了土壤根际降解在土壤多环芳烃污染修复中的作用和多环芳烃在根际降解中的限制因素，指出提高土壤多环芳烃修复的关键因素之一是提高土壤多环芳烃的生活可利用性，最后对环芳烃在根际降解研究的发展趋势进行了展望。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to a variety of anthropogenic activities are one class of toxic environmental pollutants that have accumulated in the soil environment and induced risk to human health and agriculture production. In the bioremediation of soil contaminated by PAHs, rhizosphere process plays an important role. In the paper, the status of PAHs in soil and the toxicity induced by the accumulation of PAHs is reviewed. The effects of soil environment on the rhizosphere biodegradation and the mechanism of PAHs degradation are introduced in details and the bioremediation can be enhanced by increased the bioavailability of PAHs in soil. Finally, it is forecasted the trends of PAHs biodegradation in rhizosphere soil.