台刈茶园套种藿香蓟对跗线螨及其天敌植绥螨种群数量的影响

刘双弟

中国农学通报. 2011, 27(25): 229-234

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (25) : 229-234. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-1120
林学 园艺 园林

台刈茶园套种藿香蓟对跗线螨及其天敌植绥螨种群数量的影响

  • 刘双弟
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Affect on the Population of Tarsonemid mites and Its Natural Enemies Phytoseiid mites in Collar-pruning Tea Garden Interplanting with Ageratum conyzoides

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摘要

生态空间变小、新梢生长快、叶质柔嫩易导致有害生物危害台刈茶园。通过在台刈茶园套种藿香蓟实施生物覆盖措施改善茶园温室度状况,促进天敌植绥螨种群数量的发展达到“以螨治螨”的生态控制目的。在试验的台刈茶园设置了3种不同耕作模式茶园的试验区,即套种藿香蓟的生物覆盖茶园试验区(A)、对比套种决明的生物覆盖茶园试验区(B)、清耕茶园试验区(C)。从5月开始,当藿香蓟长至10~15 cm时开始调查3种不同耕作模式茶园的跗线螨及其天敌植绥螨的种群数量的消长规律,并于盛夏的7—8月测定、记录试验茶园的空气温、湿度的变化。A、B 2个生物覆盖区,尤其是A区天敌植绥螨在9月中旬有一个明显的高峰期;C区的天敌植绥螨的高峰期不明显。在跗线螨及植绥螨的高峰期,C区跗线螨的密度高达6.6头/芽梢,天敌植绥螨的密度仅为0.13头/芽梢;B区的跗线螨密度为5.3头/芽梢,天敌植绥螨的密度为1.26头/芽梢;而在A区,跗线螨螨口密度仅为2.1头/芽梢,天敌植绥螨则高达2.48头/芽梢。在盛夏的7—8月,A、B 2个试验区与C区相比,空气的平均温度降低2.57~2.84℃,平均相对湿度提高12%~13%。台刈茶园套种藿香蓟的生物覆盖措施,可显著改善茶园的小气候,为植绥螨提供丰富的食料,营造利于天敌植绥螨种群数量增长的生存环境,构建良好的茶树-藿香蓟人工复合生态系统,扩展了植绥螨的种群,促进“以螨治螨”的生态控制效应。

Abstract

Ecological space getting smaller, new shoots fast growing, tender leaf which cause harmful organism hazards collar-pruning tea garden. To improve the temperature and humidity conditions of tea garden and the population of natural enemies Phytoseiid mites by interplanting with Ageratum conyzoides can attain the objective of control the mites by mites. Three different kings of cultivation model tea test zone were set in test collar-pruning tea garden. There were the test tea garden interplanting with Ageratum conyzoides (test zone A), the test tea garden interplanting with Cassia tora (test zone B) and the weed clearing tea garden (test zone C). From May onwards, when Ageratum conyzoides grew up to 10-15 cm high, the growth and decline rate of Tarsonemid mites and its natural enemies Phytoseiid mites in three different kings of cultivation model test tea zone were investigated. And the temperature and humidity of test tea garden were recorded from July to August. There were a peak of Phytoseiid mites in test zone of A and B especially in test zone A. The peak of Phytoseiid mites in test zone C wasn’t obvious. In the period of peak of Tarsonemid mites and its natural enemies Phytoseiid mites, the density of Tarsonemid mites was up to 6.6 every shoot, the density of Phytoseiid mites was only 0.13 every shoot in the test zone C; The density of Tarsonemid mites was 5.3 every shoot, the density of Phytoseiid mites was 1.26 every shoot in the test zone B; In the test zone A the density of Tarsonemid mites was 2.1 every shoot, the density of Phytoseiid mites was 2.48 every shoot. In July and August, the average air temperature of test zone A and B reduced 2.57-2.84℃ and the average relative humidity increase 12%-13% in compared with test zone C. The biology-covering measure of interplanting with Ageratum conyzoides in collar-pruning tea garden can improve the microclimate of tea garden, provide food for Phytoseiid mites, create a living environment which is beneficial to increase the population of Phytoseiid mites, build a good manual complex ecosystem of tea and Ageratum conyzoides, and promote the ecological control effect of controlling mites with mites.

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生物覆盖

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organism cover

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刘双弟. 台刈茶园套种藿香蓟对跗线螨及其天敌植绥螨种群数量的影响. 中国农学通报. 2011, 27(25): 229-234 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-1120
Affect on the Population of Tarsonemid mites and Its Natural Enemies Phytoseiid mites in Collar-pruning Tea Garden Interplanting with Ageratum conyzoides. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2011, 27(25): 229-234 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-1120

参考文献

刘双弟 .台刈茶园套种藿香蓟对跗线螨及其天敌植绥螨种群数量的影响.中国农学通报 ,2011,27(第25期10月): 229-234

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