对不同植茶年龄的茶树根际与非根际土壤养分、微生物数量及酶活性变化特征进行研究。结果表明，茶园土壤pH值随着植茶年龄的增加呈下降趋势，各种养分因子为根际土壤多于非根际土壤，20年生茶园土壤养分含量最高，4年生次之，38年生较低；茶园土壤微生物的数量为根际土壤高于非根际土壤，且与土壤pH、有机质密切相关，细菌、放线菌和真菌的总数量以20年生茶园>4年生茶园>38年生茶园；茶园土壤酶活性为根际>非根际，且根际与非根际土壤酶活性比值随茶树种植年龄的增加而增大。土壤酶活性对分析土壤肥力状况有较好的指示作用。

This paper studied soil nutrients, the number of microorganisms and the change of enzyme activity in rhizosphere and out-rhizosphere soil with tea trees grown of different years. The results showed that the soil pH value of the tea garden decreased as tea trees grew old .Various soil nutrients in rhizosphere soil were higher than those in out-rhizosphere soil. And tea trees grown of 20 years had the largest number of soil nutrients, followed by those of 4 years and then those of 38 years. The number of microorganisms, closely related with the pH of the soil and organic matter, was larger in rhizosphere soil than that in out- rhizosphere soil. The total number of the bacteria, actinomyces and fungi was higher in the tea garden of 20 years than that of 4 years which was higher than that of 38 years. Enzyme activity was higher in rhizosphere soil than that in out- rhizosphere soil, and as the tea grew, the enzyme activity ratio of rhizosphere soil to out-rhizosphere soil increased. So soil enzyme activity had played an indicative role in analyzing soil fertility.