通过土壤肥力的测试，了解和掌握施肥水平，为铁观音茶园合理施肥和土壤的改良提供科学依据。笔者对安溪感德、祥华等8个有代表性铁观音主产乡镇茶园土壤的pH、有机质及氮、磷、钾养分进行分析。结果表明：供试山地土壤pH均值为4.69，基础较好，而茶园土壤pH在3.37～4.94之间，pH＜4.0的占54.17%，酸化严重，两者差异达极显著水平；茶园土壤有机质总体表现优良，上层土壤有机质变幅为1.22%～5.39%，均值达2.61%，有机质含量超过土壤肥力Ⅰ级水平的占87.5%；茶园土壤氮素含量较高，供氮能力强，91.67%上层土壤的全氮量和碱解氮含量均达土壤肥力I级；茶园土壤有效磷含量高，祥华祥地上层土壤有效磷含量高达464.8 mg/kg，大大超过环境临界值；茶园土壤钾含量不均衡，下层土壤速效钾含量普遍偏低，其中感德五甲铁观音茶园土壤全钾量较高，与其他7个主产乡镇的差异达到极显著水平，而西坪-松岩、龙涓-华祥苑茶园土壤钾含量严重不足。

The soil fertility was tested and fertilization level was mastered in Tie-guanyin garden. The object was to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization and soil improvement. The contents of Organic matter, N, P, K and pH of soil Tie-guanyin tea garden soil, which fertilized after autumn plucked at 8 main productive towns were analyzed. Results showed that the mean of mountain soil pH was 4.69, the soil pH of tea garden was between 3.37~4.94, the phenomena of tea garden soil acidification were serious. The difference was very significant. The contents of soil organic matter were rich overall, ranged from 1.22% to 5.39% of surface soil, mean was 2.61%. 87.5% organic matter contents higher than the level of soil fertility grade Ⅰ. The contents of nitrogen were in an appropriate amount. The contents of total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen of 91.67% surface soil reached the level Ⅰ. The contents of available phosphorus were high. The contents of available phosphorus of the surface soil at Xianghua Xiangdi were 464.8 mg/kg, exceeding the critical value 60 mg/kg. The contents of potassium were imbalanced. The contents of available potassium were low of subsoil generally. The content of total potassium was high in Gande-Wujia, the difference was very significant with the other 7 towns. Available potassium was seriously short in Xiping Songyan and Longjuan Huaxiangyuan .